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US History - Unit 11 Study online at quizlet.com/_eu35o 1. 2. 26th Amendment granted 18 year olds the right to vote in federal elections brinkmanship Practice of attempting to keep the peace among nations by letting it be known that one will never back down and is prepared to go to war. 3. Cold War an era of high tension and bitter rivalry known between the United States and the Soviet Union following the end of World War II 4. containment U.S. foreign policy after World War II in which the United States would stop the expansion of the communism. 13. 14. 15. 16. détente During the Cold War, an attempt to lessen the tension between the United States and the Communist powers. domino theory A theory that if one country feel to communism, other countries in turn would fall, just like dominoes 17. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution a Congressional Joint Resolution in 1964, that authorized the President to do whatever was necessary in order to assist "any member of the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty" and gave President Johnson the authority to expand the Vietnam War with a formal declaration of War. 18. 8. Iron Curtain term coined by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line dividing Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from countries in Western Europe during the Cold War 9. Marshall Plan U.S. plan in 1947 that offered aid to European nations if those nations agreed to remove trade barriers and cooperate economically with one another 10. McCarthyism the practice of making accusations of disloyalty, especially of pro-Communist activity, often unsupported or based on doubtful evidence; named for the U.S. Senator that headed the hearing 11. NATO Founded in 1949 as an alliance between the United States, Canada, and ten Western European countries Pentagon Papers Published in the New York Times in 1971 the article revealed the U.S. had deliberately expanded the war in Vietnam and the Johnson Administration had systematically lied, not only to the public but also to Congress, about the war. 5. 6. 7. 12. Second Red Scare A time period after World War II in which there was an increased popular fear of communist espionage Southeast Asia A region including Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam Tet Offensive Massive military offensive by the Viet Cong in 1968 that led the U.S. to rethink their role in Vietnam and caused public opinion in America to turn and eventually led to the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam United Nations (UN) An international organization nations pledged to promote world peace and security, maintain treaty obligations and the observance of international law, and cooperate in furthering social progress formed in 1947. War Powers Act law that sets a 60 day limit on the Presidential commitment of U.S. troops to foreign conflicts Warsaw Pact a military treaty and association of Eastern European countries, formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania: East Germany left in 1990; the remaining members dissolved the association in 1991