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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
1.4 Levels of Cellular Organization
Unit 1: Cells
Essential Questions:
What should I know by the end of this lesson…?
 How are living things organized?
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What is the relationship between structure and function in an organism?
Explain the function of the different tissue types found in plants and animals.
Distinguish between the tissues found in plants and animals.
Using a diagram distinguish between cells, tissues, organs and organ systems.
Previewing Vocabulary:
Word & Definition:
ORGANISM –
Use it in a sentence:
What does it look like?
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TISSUE –
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ORGAN –
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ORGAN SYSTEM –
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STRUCTURE–
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FUNCTION –
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Exploring UNIT 1: Lesson 4
(pages 38-47)
Summarizing Key Supporting Details
Use the organizer to summarize the text. First present the central idea; then record the most
important details. Use your own words, and write in complete sentences.
What is the ESSENTIAL QUESTION in this lesson?
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MAIN HEADING 1: __________________________________________
What is the central idea in this section?
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Subheading 1: ____________________________________________
Detail 1: What is a multicellular organism?
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Detail 2: What is a specialized cell?
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Detail 3: List below as many characteristics of multicellular organisms as you can with a minimum of three examples:
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Subheading 2: ____________________________________________
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Detail 2: __________________________________________________
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Detail 3:
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Detail 1:
MAIN HEADING 2: _________________________________________
What is the central idea in this section?
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Detail 2: __________________________________________________
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MAIN HEADING 3: _________________________________________
What is the central idea in this section?
Please compare unicellular and multicellular organisms in your summary.
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Subheading 3: ___________________________________________
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Detail 1:
Write the answer to the ESSENTIAL QUESTION below:
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Date: _________________
Period: ______
Digital lesson 4 – Cell Structure and Function
LOG-ON Steps:
1. Using Google Chrome, access your science teacher’s Oxford webpage and click on the
link for Think Central.
2. Think Central USERNAME: (Oxford Username)
ex. Swag1234
3. Think Central PASSWORD: (Oxford Username again!)
ex. Swag1234
4. Click on “Things to do”
5. Click on “1.4 digital lesson”
6. Click on “Student Access ”
7. Work through the slides in the lesson and complete all tasks in the lesson and on the
worksheet.
Screen 2/15: What is your learning goal for this lesson? ____________________________________________
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Screen 2/15: Click on each of the vocabulary words to learn more about them.
Screen 2/15: Define tissue: _____________________________________________________________________
Screen 2/15: Define organ: _____________________________________________________________________
Screen 3/15: Name two organs in your body _______________________ and __________________________.
Screens 3/15: The largest internal organ in the body is the _____________________________ weighing
between ________kg and _______ pounds.
Screen 4/15: Define unicellular: ________________________________________________________________
Screen 4/15: Give two examples of unicellular organisms __________________ and ____________________.
Screen 4/15: How do the lifespans of multicellular organisms compare to those of unicellular organisms?
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Screen 4/15: Complete the questions below.
Unicellular Organisms
Multicellular Organisms
Does this organism contain more than one cell?
Does this organism contain more than one cell?
 Yes
 Yes
 No
 No
Includes organisms such as humans and rabbits?
Includes organisms such as humans and rabbits?
 Yes
 Yes
 No
 No
Specialized and organized to carry out specific
functions?
Specialized and organized to carry out specific
functions?
 Yes
 Yes
 No
 No
Screen 5/15: What do plants and animals have in common? ________________________________________
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Screen 7/15: Click on each organ. Pick one organ and describe how it works.
Organ: __________________
Works by: ___________________________________________________________________________________
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Screen 8/15: Click on each part of the respiratory system. What is the job of the trachea? _____________
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Screen 10/15: What is structure? _______________________________________________________________
Screen 10/15: What is function? ________________________________________________________________
Screen 10/15: What is the structure and function of the skin? _______________________________________
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Screen 14/15: Sort the terms of levels of organization. Then list them below from simplest to most
complex.
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Screen 15/15: Write a 3 to 4 sentence summary, in your own words, about the information covered in the
digital lesson. Be sure to respond to the goal of the lesson. (Do not copy this slide.)
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Meet the Microbots
PREviewing:
What do you think a MICROBOT is? What do you think it would be used for?
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Imagine needing surgery. Imagine having tiny robots injected into your body to complete the surgery, instead of the hands
of a doctor. How does the thought of robotic surgery make you feel?
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POSTviewing:
Design your own microbot. Explain what it would look like how that design helps it to do its job. How is this like specialized
cells in your body?
Create a brainstorming web on the back of this page to help you, and explain your answer
in the space below.
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Feel free to brainstorm here!!!
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DEAN OF INVENTION:
Re-gen Revolution
PREviewing:
Look at the picture on the right. Have you ever seen anything like this
before? What do you think is happening, and why?
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Why are starfish able to re-grow arms and lizards are able to re-grow tails, but
people are unable to re-grow arms or legs or organs? What happens if a person’s
organ fails them?
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POSTviewing:
What did you find most interesting about
this video? Did any of it scare you? What
new information did you learn about cells?
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Levels of Organization
How do cells work together in an organism?
Compare and contrast a MULTICELLULAR organism with a UNICELLULAR organism.
Please describe at least two similarities and two differences.
(Use page 40 in your book to help you.)
MULTICELLULAR
BOTH
UNICELLULAR
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Please read the paragraph on page 20 titled “Specialized Cells”.
Why does the body need specialized cells?
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Give two examples each of specialized cells in both PLANT and ANIMAL CELLS.
Please describe what the specialized cell is used for.
PLANT CELLS
ANIMAL CELLS
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How do cells WORK TOGETHER in an organism?
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Draw arrows that show how the levels are organized. Start with the lowest level and draw an arrow to the
next higher level of organization. Continue until you reach the highest level of organization.
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ORGAN SYSTEM
TISSUE
CELL
ORGAN
What is a group of cells that performs a particular function called?
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What is a group of tissues that work together called?
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What does division of labor mean?
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Cells “R” Us
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QUICK LAB
Evaluating Specialization
In this activity, you will build a paper chain according to specific steps to explore
the advantages of specialization. Many of the tasks that are performed in the
human body require multiple steps. Different cells may perform different steps in
the process. In this activity, you will first build the chain alone, performing all the
steps yourself. Then you will coordinate with a group to build the chain, dividing
the steps among the group members, with each one specializing in only one
function. You will then evaluate the efficiency and productivity of working alone
versus working within a group. You will compare this activity to the hierarchical
organization of organisms, from cells to organisms.
PROCEDURE
Review the following instructions for constructing a paper chain:
A. Use a ruler and pencil to mark strips on a sheet of paper that are 8
inches long and 1 inch wide.
B. Use scissors to carefully cut out each strip.
C. Use a marker to write the entire alphabet on each strip.
OBJECTIVES
• Evaluate the
advantages of
specialization.
• Compare models of
unicellular and
multicellular
processes.
MATERIALS
For each group
• marker
• paper
• pencil
• ruler
• scissors
• tape
For each student
• safety goggles
D. Make the first loop in the chain by curling the strip end to end and using
tape to connect the ends and make a loop.
E. For the rest of the strips, thread one end of the strip through the previous loop,
and tape the ends of the strip to form another loop.
Gather your materials.
When your teacher instructs you to begin, make as many loops in your paper chain as you
can within 5 minutes. When time is up, count how many loops you have made and record
the number below.
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Form a group with four other students. Add up all the chain loops you each made. What is
the total number of paper chain loops made by your group working as individuals?
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
Quick Lab continued
With your group, discuss how you could work together to make more paper chain loops in
5 minutes. Do any steps of the paper chain process take a long time? How can you make
this step more efficient? How will you organize your group to make more loops?
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When your teacher says to begin, work with your group to make paper chain loops for 5
minutes. How many paper chain loops did your group make?
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Did you make more paper chain loops when you were working individually or when you
were working with your group?
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How does working alone versus working in a group relate to specialization in unicellular
versus multicellular organisms?
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If you have time, repeat Steps 4–6 and try to improve your efficiency.
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Super Cells
OBJECTIVE: Work with a partner to explore the structure and function of specialized cells by designing
super hero cells with special powers. Imagine that these superheroes are on a mission inside the
human body. Design superhero characters to represent the following specialized cells:
Blood cell
Nerve cell
Muscle cell
REQUIREMENTS:
For each superhero please include:
 ILLUSTRATION – Illustrate the superhero inside the body. Make sure it’s superpowers reflect its
function (or job) inside the body.
 STRUCTURE – Give a 2-3 sentence explanation of the hero’s design and shape.
 FUNCTION – Give a 2-3 sentence explanation of the hero’s powers and why they need them.
BACKGROUND INFO:
NERVE CELLS
Cells of the nervous system, called nerve cells or
neurons, are specialized to carry "messages" through an
electrochemical process. The human brain has
approximately 100 billion neurons. Neurons come in
many different shapes and sizes. Some of the smallest
neurons have cell bodies that are only 4 microns wide.
Some of the biggest neurons have cell bodies that are
100 microns wide. Neurons are similar to other cells in
the body because they are surrounded by a cell
membrane, they have a nucleus that contains genes, and they contain cytoplasm, mitochondria and other organelles.
However, neurons differ from other cells in the body because they have specialized cell parts called dendrites and axons.
Dendrites bring electrical signals to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body. Neurons
communicate with each other through an electrochemical process. Neurons contain some specialized structures (for
example, synapses) and chemicals (for example, neurotransmitters).
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Period: ______
MUSCLE CELLS
A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of cell found in muscle
tissue. Myocytes are long, tubular cells that develop to form muscles. There
are various specialized forms of myocytes: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
muscle cells, with various properties. The striated cells of cardiac and skeletal
muscles are referred to as muscle fibers. Cardiomyocytes are the muscle fibers
that form the chambers of the heart, and have a single central nucleus.
Skeletal muscle fibers help support and move the body and tend to have
peripheral nuclei. Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as
the contractions in the esophagus and stomach.
BLOOD CELLS
There are three main types of blood cells: red blood cells
(erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets
(thrombocytes). Hemoglobin (the main component of red blood
cells) is an iron-containing protein that facilitates transportation of
oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to
the lungs. Red blood cells or erythrocytes, primarily carry oxygen
and collect carbon dioxide through the use of hemoglobin, and have
a lifetime of about 120 days. RBCs (red blood cells) are formed in the
red bone marrow in the adults. White blood cells, or leukocytes, are
cells of the immune system involved in defending the body against
both infectious disease and foreign materials. Platelets, or
thrombocytes or yellow blood cells, are very small, irregularly shaped
clear cell fragments (i.e. cells that do not have a nucleus containing
DNA). They circulate in the blood of mammals and are involved in
hemostasis, leading to the formation of blood clots. Platelets release thread-like fibers to form these clots.
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
Superhero Name:
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Superhero Name:
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Superhero Name:
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Superhero Structure:
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Superhero Structure:
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Superhero Structure:
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Superhero Function:
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Superhero Function:
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Superhero Function:
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
Super Cells
OBJECTIVE: Work with a partner to explore the structure and function of specialized cells by designing
super hero cells with special powers. Imagine that these superheroes are on a mission inside the
human body. Design superhero characters to represent the following specialized cells:
Blood cell
Nerve cell
Muscle cell
REQUIREMENTS:
For each superhero please include:
 ILLUSTRATION – Illustrate the superhero inside the body. Make sure it’s superpowers reflect its
function (or job) inside the body.
 STRUCTURE – Give a 2-3 sentence explanation of the hero’s design and shape.
 FUNCTION – Give a 2-3 sentence explanation of the hero’s powers and why they need them.
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
STRUCTURE: The structure of a nerve
cell (or how it’s built) is ____________
BACKGROUND INFO:
NERVE CELLS
Cells of the nervous system, called nerve cells or
neurons, are specialized to carry "messages" to
different parts of the body. Neurons communicate
with each other through an electrochemical process.
Neurons are shaped long and thin and connect to
each other to pass on chemical messages.
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FUNCTION: The function of a nerve cell
(or its job) is _____________________
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Superhero Name:
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Mod A - Cells & Heredity
Illustrate your superhero below!
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
STRUCTURE: The structure of a nerve
cell (or how it’s built) is ____________
BACKGROUND INFO:
MUSCLE CELLS
A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of
cell found in muscle tissue. Myocytes are long,
tubular cells that develop to form muscles. Skeletal
muscle fibers help support and move the body.
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FUNCTION: The function of a nerve cell
(or its job) is _____________________
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Superhero Name:
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Mod A - Cells & Heredity
Illustrate your superhero below!
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Name: _________________________________
Date: _________________
Period: ______
STRUCTURE: The structure of a nerve
cell (or how it’s built) is ____________
BACKGROUND INFO:
BLOOD CELLS
There are three main types of blood cells: red blood
cells, white blood cells, and platelets. White blood
cells are cells of the immune system involved in
defending the body against both infectious disease
and foreign materials. They have a flexible outer
membrane that allows them to engulf invaders and
digest them.
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FUNCTION: The function of a nerve cell
(or its job) is _____________________
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Superhero Name:
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Mod A - Cells & Heredity
Illustrate your superhero below!
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