Download Great Migration/Harlem Renaissance

Great Migration/Harlem
Renaissance
Mr. Williams
10th Grade U.S. History
Great Migration
• Beginning in 1910 many
African Americans began
moving to cities in the North
from the South
• What were the push or pull
factors of this movement?
Jim Crow Laws
• Create and enforce segregation in
public places
• Many were put in place to keep
African Americans from voting
• Literacy Tests
• Grandfather Clause
• Poll Tax
• Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
• “Separate but Equal”
Ku Klux Klan
• Founded in the years after the
Civil War by Confederate
veterans
• Terrorized African Americans and
whites who supported their
rights
• Became very popular again in the
1920s. Why?
• Push: Racism/Segregation, KKK, Lack
of Economic Opportunity
• Pull: Factory Work (especially during
WWI), Less Discrimination,
Opportunity to play more of a role in
Politics
• Result: Hundreds of thousands of
African Americans move to cities like
Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, etc.
NAACP
• Political Action Group that battled
(and still does) against segregation
and discrimination against
minorities
• Main goals: Extend full suffrage to
African Americans and end
lynching
• By 1920 about 200,000 African
Americans lived in Harlem
• Became capital of African
Culture in the United States
• African American arts
movement in New York City
called the Harlem Renaissance
Marcus Garvey
• Universal Negro Improvement
Association or UNIA
• Promoted pride in African
Heritage without the help or
influence of Whites
• “Back to Africa”
Jazz
• Music style influenced by
Dixieland blues and ragtime
• Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith,
Duke Ellington
• Renaissance brought international
fame to African American Arts
• First time African American culture
was accepted as “American”