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Weather Study Guide Key 8.3.1 → Water Cycle 8.3.2 → Air Pressure and Winds 6. For each of the following statements, indicate if they are areas of high pressure or low pressure. 1. Complete the following table Starting State of Matter Ending State of Matter Evaporation Liquid Gas Hot air Condensation Gas Liquid Cold air X Precipitation Liquid Liquid Air that has a high density X Runoff Liquid Liquid 3. Which steps of the water cycle are driven by the sun? Evaporation and Condensation 4. Which steps of the water cycle are driven by gravity? Precipitation and Runoff 5. Draw and label the 4 steps to the water cycle on the image below High Pressure Low Pressure X Air that has a low density Air near the North Pole X X Air near the Equator X Moving Air X 7. What causes winds? A difference in temperature creates a difference in pressure. Air molecules move until they are evenly spread out 8. Air goes from ___High ___ Pressure to ___Low___ Pressure 9. What part of earth has the most direct sunlight? Equator 10. What part of earth has the least direct sunlight? Poles 11. How does Earth’s rotation impact wind direction? Causes winds to curve 12. Explain why winds move from the water to a beach (land) during the day. Mention temperature, pressure, and why they move. Winds move from the water (high pressure) to the beach (low pressure) because the molecules are trying to be evenly spaced / balanced. 8.3.2 Continued → Weather and Climate 8.3.3 → Air Masses and Fronts Continued 13. For each of the following statements, indicate if they are referencing weather or climate. Weathe r Long term pattern of weather data Climate X Daily changes in the atmosphere X Impacted by the water cycle X Impacted by air masses and fronts X Impacted by elevations Impacted by local winds A. Maritime Polar B. Continental Polar X C. Continental Tropical D. Maritime Tropical X Impacted by surface features X Daily expectations X What actually happens daily 16. In the image below, name each air mass. X 8.3.3 → Air Masses and Fronts 14. How is an air mass different from an air front? Air Mass = Large body of air that takes on the characteristics of the land/water below it Air Front = Boundary between two air masses; where they meet 15. Complete the chart below Name Location Characteristic s Maritime Polar Over water near the poles Cold and Wet Maritime Tropical Over water near the equator Warm and Wet Continental Polar Over land near the poles Cold and Dry E. Maritime Polar 17. Describe a cold front A cold air mass quickly moves in and pushes the warm air mass up 18. Describe a warm front A slow moving warm air mass moves in and above the cold air mass 19. Describe a stationary front Two air masses meet and they move sideways 20. What are 3 pieces of evidence a cold front occurred? ○ Cumulonimbus Clouds ○ Thunderstorms Occur ○ Significant drop in Barometric Pressure ○ Cold weather follows 21. What are 3 pieces of evidence a warm front occurred? ○ Stratus / Nimbostratus Clouds ○ Hours / days of Steady Rain ○ Barometric Pressure drops slightly ○ Warm weather follows Continental Tropical Over land near the equator Warm and Dry