Download Sex and Gambling Addictions

Sexual Compulsions and
Gambling
Eating Disorders
Compulsive Sexual Behaviors
2 General Types:
- paraphilic CSBs
- nonparaphilic CSBs
An Overview
• Para
– “Beyond” or “Amiss”
• Philia
– “Love”
Sexual Stimulation Requiring Bizarre or
Unusual Acts, Imagery, or Objects
Fetishism
• Sexual Attraction to:
– Inanimate Objects
– Tactile Stimulation
– Parts of the Body
Exhibitionism
• “The Flasher”
– Expose Genitals to Unsuspecting
Strangers
– Element of Risk is Important
– May Not Be “Harmless” (Many Rape /
Molest)
Voyeurism
• “The Peeping Tom”
– Watching Unsuspecting Strangers
Naked or Undressing
Transvestic Fetishism
• “Cross Dresser”
– Sexual Arousal by Dressing in Clothes
of the Opposite Sex
– Most are Male Heterosexuals
– Most are Married
Sexual Sadism and Masochism
•
The “Sadist”
– Sexual Arousal by
Inflicting Pain / Humiliation
Domination, Beatings
•
The “Masochist”
– Suffers the Pain / Humiliation
– Helps the Sadist
Pedophilia and Incest
• Pedophilia
•
– Sexual Attraction to Children
– More Aroused to Young Children
Incest
– Children Related to Perpetrator
Other Forms of Paraphilia
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•
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Frotteurism -- Rubbing
Necrophilia -- Corpses
Klismaphilia -- Enemas
Coprophilia -- Feces
Zoophilia -- Animals
Scatologia -- Obscene Calls
Psychosocial Contributions
• Inability to Develop Adequate
•
•
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Relationships
Early “Unusual” Sexual Experiences
Person’s Early Sexual Fantasies
Excessive Sex Drive & Suppression
Specific Causes are Still Unclear
Anxiety/S-E
Management Strategies
are Commonalities
Nonparaphilic Compulsive
Sexual Behaviors:
• Compulsive Cruising & Multiple Partners
• Fixation on Unattainable Partner
• Compulsive Autoeroticism
• Multiple Love Relationships (obsessed with
finding intense feeling of a new relationship)
• Compulsive sexuality in relationship (unending
needs for sex, expressions of love, attention etc –
possessiveness, jealousy, anger…)
Eating Disorders
Compulsive Overeating: A
Unique Type of Eating
Disorder?
Research Criteria for
Binge-eating disorder

Recurrent episodes of binge eating. An
episode of binge eating is characterized
by both of the following:
– eating, in a discrete period of time (e.g. 2 hr
period), an amount of food that is definitely
larger than most people would eat in a similar
period of time under similar circumstances
– a sense of lack of control over eating during
the episode (e.g. a feeling that one cannot
stop eating or control what or how much one
is eating)
Research Criteria for
Binge-eating disorder

The binge-eating episodes are associated
with 3 or more of the following:
– eating much more rapidly than normal
– eating until feeling uncomfortably full
– eating large amounts of food when not feeling
physically hungry
– eating alone because of being embarrassed
by how much one is eating
– feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or
very guilty after overeating
Research Criteria for
Binge-eating disorder



Marked distress regarding binge eating is
present.
The binge eating occurs, on average, at
least 2 days a week for 6 months.
The binge eating is not associated with
the regular use of inappropriate
compensatory behaviors (e.g. purging,
fasting, excessive exercise) and does not
occur exclusively during the course of
Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa.
Binge-eating disorder

Affects about 2% of general population,
and about 8% of those who are obese

Health effects

Treatment strategies
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behavioral weight control methods
nutritional consultation
relapse prevention / cognitive therapies
medications
self-help groups
GAMBLING
Diagnostic Criteria for
Pathological Gambling

Persistent and recurrent maladaptive
gambling behavior as indicated by 5 or
more of the following:
– is preoccupied with gambling (e.g.,
preoccupied with reliving past gambling
experiences, handicapping or planning the
next venture, or thinking of ways to get money
with which to gamble).
– needs to gamble with increasing amounts
of money in order to achieve the desired
excitement.
Diagnostic Criteria for
Pathological Gambling (cont..)
– Has repeated unsuccessful efforts to
control, cut back, or stop gambling
– is restless or irritable when attempting to
cut down or stop gambling
– gambles as a way of escaping from
problems or of relieving a dysphoric mood
(e.g., feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety,
depression.)
– after losing money gambling, often returns
another day to get even (“chasing” one’s
losses.)

– Lies to family members, therapist, or
others to conceal the extent of involvement
with gambling
– has committed illegal acts as forgery,
fraud, theft, or embezzlement to finance
gambling
– has jeopardized or lost a significant
relationship, job, or educational or career
opportunity because of gambling
– relies on others to provide money to relieve
a desperate financial situation caused by
gambling
The gambling behavior is not better accounted
for by a Manic Episode