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The term Détente refers to
a. The efforts of Czechoslavakaia communists to reform their society in 1968
b. The post WWII division of Europe into a West of US-backed Western powers and an East
dominated by the Soviet Union
c. The 51-member international organization created to promote international organization
created to promote international peace and cooperation
d. The US mission to fly supplies into West Berlin in response to a Soviet shutdown of supply lines
e. A period of US-Soviet relations characterized by a number of nuclear test-ban treaties and armslimitation talks
The Warsaw Pact
a. Was a military alliance among the countries of eastern Europe
b. Formed a military alliance between Poland and Russia
c. Offered economic assistance to the countries of Eastern Europe
d. Was a military alliance between the US and Western European powers
e. Offered military and economic aid to countries threatened by communist takeover
The Soviet satellite in post-WWII Easter Europe that seemed to exhibit the most independence was
a. Czechoslavakia
b. Romania
c. Yugoslavia
d. Hungary
e. Poland
Following WWII, the Western European nation(s) that had a large Communist Party were
a. Spain and France
b. Spain and Italy
c. France and Italy
d. Germany
e. Italy and the Netherlands
The military alliance between communist countries in Eastern Europe after WWII was known as
a. The Warsaw Pact
b. The Truman Doctrine
c. The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
d. The Marshall Plan
e. NATO
Mikhail Gorbachev’s attempt to “restructure” Soviet society and its economy was known as
a. Socialism in one country
b. Socialism with a human face
c. Glasnost
d. Perestroika
e. The New Economic Plan
Which of the following is an example of the revival of nationalist and ethnic tensions in Eastern Europe
after the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
a. The war between Chechnyans and Russians
b. The multisided war in Yugoslavia
c. The splitting up of Czechoslavakia
d. The war in Bosnia-Herzegovina
e. All of the above
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the two major trends that most affected life in Eastern
Europe were
a. The flourishing of individual liberty and democracy
b. The spread of corporate capitalism and a revival of religion
c. American isolationism and European itegration
d. The revival of ethnic-nationalism and the advent of globalization
e. A. widening gap in the distribution of wealth and increased poverty
Which of the following is true of the reunification of Germany?
a. It was the product of a long, lengthy process of negotiation and compromise
b. Separate economic policies were set up to make the transition easier for East Germans
c. The former east Germany was essentiallyannexed by the West
d. It was led by East German members of the Civic Forum
e. All of the above
The Warsaw Pact was a(n)
a. Military alliance of the USSRs satellites in Eastern Europe
b. Declaration that the Soviet Union would intervene in any satellite country if communism were
threatened
c. American offer of economic aid after WWII
d. Alliance of Eastern Europe against the USSR
e. Secret, anticommunist organization in Eastern Europe
Under a NATO agreement, Germany was not allowed to
a. Rebuild its army
b. Join NATO
c. Participate in the Common Market
d. Have military bases on its soil
e. Develop nuclear weapons
The first Russian leader to discuss the “crimes” of Stalin was
a. Brezhnev
b. Gorbachev
c. Yeltsin
d. Androdov
e. Khrushchev
a.
The Soviet satellite in post-WWII Easter Europe that seemed to exhibit the most independence was
f. Czechoslavakia
g. Romania
h. Yugoslavia
i. Hungary
j. Poland
Following WWII, the Western European nation(s) that had a large Communist Party were
f. Spain and France
g. Spain and Italy
h. France and Italy
i. Germany
j. Italy and the Netherlands
Yugoslavia in the 1990s differed from Yugoslavia in the 1960s n all of te following ways EXCEPT
a. Yugoslavia broke up into separate nations
b. Milosevic practiced ethnic cleansing against the Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo
c. Civil war waged
d. Yugoslavia no longer answered to the Soviet Union
e. Tito’s presence no loner prevailed
The Marshall Plan of 1947 demonstration that the US was
a. An imperialist country
b. Fearful of soviet military expansion into Western Europe
c. Mindful of the role that economic hopeless-ness had played in the rise of fascism
d. Ready to enter WWII
Fearful of Germany rising again
The main motivation of the architects of the process of European integration that has culminated in the
European Union was to
a. Stand on more equal footing with the super-powers: the US and the USSR
b. End communism
c. Rebould a war-torn economy
d. Increase iron and steel production
All of the above
The treatment of Alexander Solzhenitsyn illustrated the Soviet regime’s
a. Preference for technocratic enterprise
b. Total immunity to pressure from the west
c. Insistence on absolute conformity
d. New, more democratic policies
e. Commitment to glasnost
The main motivation of the architects of the process of European integration that has culminated in the
European Union was to
e. Stand on more equal footing with the super-powers: the US and the USSR
f. End communism
g. Rebould a war-torn economy
h. Increase iron and steel production
i. All of the above
The Marshall Plan of 1947 demonstration that the US was
e. An imperialist country
f. Fearful of soviet military expansion into Western Europe
g. Mindful of the role that economic hopeless-ness had played in the rise of fascism
h. Ready to enter WWII
i. Fearful of Germany rising again
The military alliance between communist countries in Eastern Europe after WWII was known as
f. The Warsaw Pact
g.
h.
i.
j.
The Truman Doctrine
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
The Marshall Plan
NATO
Mikhail Gorbachev’s attempt to “restructure” Soviet society and its economy was known as
f. Socialism in one country
g. Socialism with a human face
h. Glasnost
i. Perestroika
j. The New Economic Plan
Which of the following is an example of the revival of nationalist and ethnic tensions in Eastern Europe
after the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
f. The war between Chechnyans and Russians
g. The multisided war in Yugoslavia
h. The splitting up of Czechoslavakia
i. The war in Bosnia-Herzegovina
j. All of the above
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the two major trends that most affected life in Eastern
Europe were
f. The flourishing of individual liberty and democracy
g. The spread of corporate capitalism and a revival of religion
h. American isolationism and European itegration
i. The revival of ethnic-nationalism and the advent of globalization
j. A. widening gap in the distribution of wealth and increased poverty
Which of the following is true of the reunification of Germany?
f. It was the product of a long, lengthy process of negotiation and compromise
g. Separate economic policies were set up to make the transition easier for East Germans
h. The former east Germany was essentiallyannexed by the West
i. It was led by East German members of the Civic Forum
j. All of the above
Yugoslavia in the 1990s differed from Yugoslavia in the 1960s n all of te following ways EXCEPT
f. Yugoslavia broke up into separate nations
g. Milosevic practiced ethnic cleansing against the Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo
h. Civil war waged
i. Yugoslavia no longer answered to the Soviet Union
j. Tito’s presence no loner prevailed
The Warsaw Pact was a(n)
f. Military alliance of the USSRs satellites in Eastern Europe
g. Declaration that the Soviet Union would intervene in any satellite country if communism were
threatened
h. American offer of economic aid after WWII
i. Alliance of Eastern Europe against the USSR
j. Secret, anticommunist organization in Eastern Europe
a.
One postwar similarity between World Wars I and II was
a. Extensive damage to Germany
b. Economic depression and inflation
c. Recovery from damage and deprivation in Russia
d. A dangerous outbreak of influenza
e. Recovery from trench warfare
a.
Following WWII, the general attitude of Russian civilians was
a. Grinding despair over the war’s hardship and suffering
b. Great patriotism and optimism
c. Disillusionment as people asked, “What now”?
d. Anger and revolt against the communists
e. A revival of faith in the Russian Orthodox Church
Under a NATO agreement, Germany was not allowed to
f. Rebuild its army
g. Join NATO
h. Participate in the Common Market
i. Have military bases on its soil
j. Develop nuclear weapons
The first Russian leader to discuss the “crimes” of Stalin was
f. Brezhnev
g. Gorbachev
h. Yeltsin
i. Androdov
j. Khrushchev
The Soviet satellite in post-WWII Easter Europe that seemed to exhibit the most independence was
k. Czechoslavakia
l. Romania
m. Yugoslavia
n. Hungary
o. Poland
Following WWII, the Western European nation(s) that had a large Communist Party were
k. Spain and France
l. Spain and Italy
m. France and Italy
n. Germany
o. Italy and the Netherlands
The main focus of groups such as the neo-Nazis and noe-fascists has been
a. African and Asian immigrants to Europe
b. Members of the Communist Party
c. Jews
d. Trade unions
e. Conservation of natural resources
The worldwide recession of the 1970s was made worse by
a. A, the fear of nuclear war
b. The threat of communism
c. Islamic extremism
d. British rock music
e. Sharply rising oil prices
During the 1960s-1980s, a major source of income for Britain was
a. The rock music industry
b. Textile manufacturing
c. Automobile production
d. Sugar refining
e. Tourism
A mjor change that came to the UN Security Council in the 1970s was the
a. Rescission of veto power
b. Expansion of the number of permanent members
c. Replacement of Nationalist China with Communist China
d. Domination of African nations
e. Domination of communist nations
Contributing to the retirement of Boris Yeltsin in Russia was/were
a. Yeltsin’s poor health
b. The revolt in Chechnya
c. Yeletin’s alleged alcoholism
d. Russian financial problems
e. All of the above
A major cultural change in the lives of European women in the second half of the 20th century was
a. The availability of reliable birth control
b. Equal opportunities for advanced education
c. Working outside the home at professional levels
d. The availability of labor saving household appliances
e. All of the above
In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev instituted perestroika, which was a
a. Tightening of Soviet control
b. Re-Sovietization of Chechnya
c. Return to strict Leninism
d. Loosening of the Soviet economic and political structure
e. New freedom of expression and openness in government
The main difficulty related to the reunification of Germany in the late 20th century was the
a. Disagreement over the form of government
b. Destruction of the Berlin Wall
c. Poverty and lack of development of East Germany
d. Religious division
e. Presence of American military bases
Slobadan Milosevic was put on trial at the World Court in The Hague for
a. Using poison gas against the Kurds
b. Practicing ethnic cleansing against Muslims in Kosovo
c. Deliberately splitting up Yugoslavia
d. Bombing Serbia
e. Plotting with the hard-line communists
The main change that came fro the 1991 Treaty of Maastricht was the
a. Formation of the European Union
b. Inclusion of eastern European states in the Eu
c. Formation of NATO
d. Plans for a common European currency
e. Removal of international tariffs
29
The military alliance between communist countries in Eastern Europe after WWII was known as
k. The Warsaw Pact
l. The Truman Doctrine
m. The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
n. The Marshall Plan
o. NATO
29
Mikhail Gorbachev’s attempt to “restructure” Soviet society and its economy was known as
k. Socialism in one country
l. Socialism with a human face
m. Glasnost
n. Perestroika
o. The New Economic Plan
29
Which of the following is an example of the revival of nationalist and ethnic tensions in Eastern Europe
after the disintegration of the Soviet Union?
a. The war between Chechnyans and Russians
b. The multisided war in Yugoslavia
c. The splitting up of Czechoslavakia
d. The war in Bosnia-Herzegovina
e. All of the above
29
The Marshall Plan of 1947 demonstration that the US was
a. An imperialist country
b. Fearful of soviet military expansion into Western Europe
c. Mindful of the role that economic hopeless-ness had played in the rise of fascism
d. Ready to enter WWII
e. Fearful of Germany rising again
29
The treatment of Alexander Solzhenitsyn illustrated the Soviet regime’s
f. Preference for technocratic enterprise
g. Total immunity to pressure from the west
h. Insistence on absolute conformity
i. New, more democratic policies
j. Commitment to glasnost
29/30
The main motivation of the architects of the process of European integration that has culminated in the
European Union was to
j. Stand on more equal footing with the super-powers: the US and the USSR
k. End communism
l. Rebould a war-torn economy
m. Increase iron and steel production
n. All of the above
29
The term Détente refers to
f. The efforts of Czechoslavakaia communists to reform their society in 1968
g. The post WWII division of Europe into a West of US-backed Western powers and an East
dominated by the Soviet Union
h. The 51-member international organization created to promote international organization
created to promote international peace and cooperation
i. The US mission to fly supplies into West Berlin in response to a Soviet shutdown of supply lines
j. A period of US-Soviet relations characterized by a number of nuclear test-ban treaties and armslimitation talks
29
The Warsaw Pact
f. Was a military alliance among the countries of eastern Europe
g. Formed a military alliance between Poland and Russia
h. Offered economic assistance to the countries of Eastern Europe
i. Was a military alliance between the US and Western European powers
j. Offered military and economic aid to countries threatened by communist takeover
29
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the two major trends that most affected life in Eastern
Europe were
k. The flourishing of individual liberty and democracy
l. The spread of corporate capitalism and a revival of religion
m. American isolationism and European itegration
n. The revival of ethnic-nationalism and the advent of globalization
o. A. widening gap in the distribution of wealth and increased poverty
29
Which of the following is true of the reunification of Germany?
k. It was the product of a long, lengthy process of negotiation and compromise
l. Separate economic policies were set up to make the transition easier for East Germans
m. The former east Germany was essentiallyannexed by the West
n. It was led by East German members of the Civic Forum
o. All of the above
29
Yugoslavia in the 1990s differed from Yugoslavia in the 1960s n all of te following ways EXCEPT
a. Yugoslavia broke up into separate nations
b. Milosevic practiced ethnic cleansing against the Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo
c. Civil war waged
d. Yugoslavia no longer answered to the Soviet Union
e. Tito’s presence no loner prevailed
29
The Warsaw Pact was a(n)
a. Military alliance of the USSRs satellites in Eastern Europe
b. Declaration that the Soviet Union would intervene in any satellite country if communism were
threatened
c. American offer of economic aid after WWII
d. Alliance of Eastern Europe against the USSR
e. Secret, anticommunist organization in Eastern Europe
29
Under a NATO agreement, Germany was not allowed to
k. Rebuild its army
l. Join NATO
m. Participate in the Common Market
n. Have military bases on its soil
o. Develop nuclear weapons
29
The first Russian leader to discuss the “crimes” of Stalin was
k. Brezhnev
l. Gorbachev
m. Yeltsin
n. Androdov
Khrushchev
The formation of the Warsaw Pact in 1955 was a sign that
a. War was believed to be imminent on the continent
b. The Soviet Union saw great military potential in the nations of Eastern Europe
c. The Berlin Wall was ineffective
d. The Soviet Union was concerned about the advent of NATO in 1949
e. The Soviet Union viewed the US with disdain
French existentialism was based in the premise that
a. Life was essentially absurb
b. Life represented a Manichaean choice between good and evil
c. American culture was destroying traditional European life
d. There are absolute moral standards
e. A belief in God was essential for any system of morality
Birtian economy in the three decades immediately following WWII was hampered by
a. A huge debt that was owed to the US
b. Obsolete factories and low rates of investment and savings
c. The failure of centralized planning
d. A poorly educated populace
e. Too great a reliance on imports
The Arab oil empbargo of 1973
a. Led to a dramatic upsurge in the use of alternative energy
b. Brought about increased tension among the countries of the European Union
c. Led to the high inflation that undercut the economies of Europe for the remainder of the
decade
d. Had relatively little impact because fuel reserves throughout Europe remained adequate
e. Brought about an East-West rapprochement as the Eastern Bloc provided much need coal
The collapse of Communist rule throughout Eastern Europe occurred peacefully in all of the following
countries EXCEPT
a. Czechoslavakia
b. Bulgaria
c. East Germany
d. Romania
e. Hungary
Charles de Gaulle encouraged France to develop its own nuclear force because
a. He remained concerned about Soviet intentions
b. He wanted France to be considered a great power
c. He doubted America’s will to use its nuclear weapons in times of war
d. The conflict in Indochina would hinge on whether the French had nuclear weapons
e. The expense of a nuclear force allowed the French to reduce the size of their conventional
forces
In the immediate post-WWII period, most Western European states
a. Continued to limit their spending on social service programs
b. Expanded social services only for the poor and elderly
c. Began to scale back on the more generous entitlement programs
d. Greatly expanded their social service programs for all their citizens
e. Focused on industrial expansion at the expense of social spending
In the 1970s, one of the biggest threats facing the Italian government was the
a. Escalation of political terrorism
b. Collapse of the lire
c. Reemergence of fascism as a political force
d. Increasing strength of the Italian Communist Party
e. Inability to increase industrial output
Following the Conservative Party victory in 1979, the process began in in Great Britain of
a. Ending the National Health Service
b. Once again using gold to back up the British pound
c. Trying to loosen some of the ties with the US
d. Selling off many nationalized industries
e. Trying to revive certain declining industries
In the early 1950s, the French government tired to
a. Ban the use of “Americanism” like le week end
b. Ban the importation of Coca-Cola for the fear it would damage the French wine industry
c. Stop stores from using any language other than French in their store windows
d. Ban the importation of American dairy products such as Velveeta
e. Ban all British products form French stores unless they could be reinspected for contaminants
German Chancellor Willy Brandt resigned in 1974 after it was revealed that
a. He had failed to acknowledge his Nazi past
b. His political party had received political funding form the American CIA
c. The West German economic miracle was fundamentally flawed
d. One of his aides was a spy for the East Germans
e. He was hiding a serious illness
German unification in October 1990
a. Occurred with remarkably few problems since the West Germans had planned for this moment
for decades
b. Was achieved at an economic cost far higher than expected
c. Led to renewed calls to redraw the postwar boundaries of Germany and its Eastern European
neighbors
d. Was secretly opposed by the US
e. Was strongly opposed by the French
The formation fo the Northern League in the early 1990s is a reflection of
a. The continuing strength of fascism in Italy
b. The failure of Italian governments to deal with substantive issues
c. The strength of separatist tendencies in Italy
d. The continuing political legacy of Garibaldi
Northern Italy’s declining economic influence within the Italian Repub
Following the death of France in 1975, Spain evolved into a
a. republic
b. constitutional monarchy
c. military dictatorship
d. communist state
e. group of autonomous regions
The collapse of the Communist regime in Czechoslavakia was deemed a “Velvet Revolution” because
a. it occurred without warning
b. Czech intellectuals wore velvet strips on their sleaves to symbolize their opposition to the state
c. It occurred without violence
d. It brought about limited changes
e. The old Communist elite remained in control
In the 1990s, governments across Western Europe began to reassess
a. Their over-reliance on imported oil
b. Their commitment to NATO
c. Their commitment to the Common Market
d. Their need for economic assistance from the US
e. Their commitment to providing cradle-to-grave social services
Italy’s “economic miracle” of the 1950s and 1960s
a. Were not based on exports
b. Made the nation reluctant to join the European Economic Community(EEC)
c. Led to the control of inflation
d. Was mirrored by an increase in governmental efficiency
e. Did not bring prosperity to the South
Which of the following best describes the attitude of the French toward nuclear weapon development in
the period following WWII
a. The felt protected by the American nuclear weapon umbrella
b. They committed themselves to the creation of their own small independent nuclear arsenal
c. They researched but never developed nuclear weapons
d. They joined with Third World nations and worked toward the banning of nuclear weapons
e. They were committed to matching the Russian nuclear arsenal