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Precision Agriculture
Smart Farm Stations
Yunxin Li and Raymond Wang
Motorola Australian Research Centre
Changing Farm Environment


Merging and Consolidatiion
–
Run by corporations instead of families
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Larger areas per farm
Increasing Global Competition
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Proifits from crop quality as well as quantity
–
Costs and productivity improvement
•
–

More sophysticated machinery and
equipment per farmer
Sustainable growth
Increasing Environmental Concerns
–
Land and environment conservation
–
Polution reduction
–
Natural disaster damage control
Evolving Farming Technology
Today
Tomorrow
Electrical and mechanical
Information
Hardware oriented
Software oriented
Manual and on-site control
Automatic and remote control
Independent dumb machines
Networked smart machines
User and environment demanding
User and environment friendly
Unpredictable quality and quantity
Predictable in quality and quantity
Precision Agriculture is an environment friendly system
solution that optimizes product quality and quantity while
minimising cost, human intervention and the variation
caused by unpredictable nature.
Precision Agriculture Solutions
•Wireless integrated
•Zero configuration
•Location awareness
•Wired, Bulky
•User demanding
•Manual
•Unreliable
System Architecture
•Multi-hop
•10-100m per hop
10-25 acre
•smart antennas
Zones
Smart Farm Station
Base Station
Farmhouse
Farmer
System Requirements

Low-cost, low-power, small size networking devices
–
unliscenced band
–
short distance per hop
–
low date rate
• Sensor information data < 50 bps/zone
–
low mobility

Long Battery life (> 8 months)

Robust to environment variation
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temperature, humidity, rain, wind, growing plants
User friendly
–
Minimal network set-up and configuration
–
Minimal network management
System Requirements
Characteristic
Data rate (effective, not raw)
Value or Range
Scalable from 600 bps to 64
kbps
50 meters
Range (free space)
8 months
Battery life (with normal product usage)
Latency (time between data ready for sending in 1 second
appl. to data received by other appl.)
Effectively unlimited
Nodes per network
Topology (master-slave/peer-to-peer, routing, Peer-to-peer and multi-hop
routing
repeaters)
Short packet, bursty and
Types of traffic (small/big packets,
asynchronous
steady/bursty, asynch/isoc)
optional
Security (yes/no/optional)
RF output power (units such as dBm, subjective <1 dBm, with automatic power
control
such as controllable)
Duty Cycle (what percentage of time the device 1/1024 ~ 1/16
has its RX/TX active)
-40C ~ +85C
Temperature (industrial or indoor)
Worry-free Tomorrow