Download Petrophysics and hydrocarbon generation

Petrophysics and hydrocarbon generation,
retention and production from ultra-low
permeability rocks: HC liquid potential from
Western Canadian Shales- a study in progress
3-4 year research program funded by GeoScience BC, Industry Collaborators
NSERC Collaborative Research Development
E. Munson - R. Marc Bustin
thickness
TOC
Porosity
fabrics/
fractures
permeability
diffusion
effective
stress
HCs in place
reservoir exploration
and
development
hydrocarbons in place
deliverability
Shales are heterogeneous rocks
at a scale that is difficult to appreciate
or quantify and.. strange things happen
in small places
Outcrop
Hand
Spec.
Light
SEM
FESEM
200 000 nm
50 000 nm
200 nm
Background
Reservoir Characterization
Hydrocarbon:
Generation
Mechanical
Organic richness
Total porosity
Storage
Diagenesis
Thermal
Surface area
Net thickness
Chemical
Depositional
environment
Mineralogy
Fabric/Texture
Production
Matrix permeability
4
objectives of the study
two interrelated components:
1) investigate the fundamental petrophysical properties of low permeability rocks to
better understand hydrocarbon retention, storage, and production.
2) apply methods and concepts developed in the first part to quantify the gas and
liquids in place, the flow capacities, and liquid production potential of important shale
oil reservoirs in Western Canada.
People
Eric Letham, PhD student- 2013Mark LeMessier, MSc- 2014Jennifer Owen, MSc- 2014Pablo Lacerda Silva Phd 2015Tessa Wilson MSc 2015Amanda Bustin, Research Assoc.
Erik Munson, PhD student- 2012-2015
Armin Hosseinian Post Doc- 2014-2015
Kristal Li Geo. Tech.
Geo. Tech– 60% (database management)
Petrophysics- Quantifying Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons in Place and Flow
Characteristics of Shale Gas and Liquid Reservoirs
a) Pore compressibility, Klinkenberg Slip and Effectives stress laws- PhD thesis Eric Letham in
progress (Eagle Ford Shale; Muskwa)
b) Stress Dependent and Relative permeability of shales (Munson, PhD, 2015)
c) Fluid-Rock and Rock-Fluid interaction- MSc thesis Jennifer Owen in progress
d) Fracture flow: PDF, A. Hosseinian
e) Sensitivity analyses of petrophysical properties Res. Assoc. A. Bustin in progress
f) Earth model-state of stress NE. Res. Assoc. A. Bustin in progress
1
Relative Permeability
Eric Letham – PhD student
a) pore structures characterisation
0.8
0.6
Kro
Krw
0.4
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Water Saturation
1
Pore Structure Evolution Summary
Erik Munson – PhD
b) permeablility and pore
9
Wet Gas Window Pore Structure and Permeability
Erik Munson – PhD
a) permeablility and pore
Avg. Perm:
Median:
1.8 x10-4 mD
-5 mD
9.5
x10
Med
TOC
Low Carb
High Qtz
Variable
10
Petrophysics- Quantifying Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons in Place and Flow
Characteristics of Shale Gas and Liquid Reservoirs
d) Fracture flow: PDF, A. Hosseinian
Petrophysics- Quantifying Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons in Place and Flow Characteristics of Shale Gas
and Liquid Reservoirs
c) Fluid-Rock and Rock-Fluid interaction (MONTNEY_ FM.)- MSc thesis Jennifer Owen
recognize damage or potential for damage to fluid system and/or reservoir
properties by drilling, fracture fluids or leachate
Petrophysics- Quantifying Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons in Place and Flow
Characteristics of Shale Gas and Liquid Reservoirs
d) Sensitivity analyses of petrophysical
properties
Petrophysics- Quantifying Gas and Liquid Hydrocarbons in Place and Flow
Characteristics of Shale Gas and Liquid Reservoirs
e) Organic Geochemistry:
Retained HCs
Muskwa
2. Liquids and Gas in Place and Flow Characteristics of Shales in
Western Canada
PETROLEUM SYSTEM ANALYSES:
Basin Modeling and Mapping of Liquids:
MSc LeMessueir, MSc Tessa Wilson, PhD Pablo Lacerda Silva
- map existing production (public data)
- update regional maturation/kerogen types/TOC maps- EXbase
- collect additional data to fill holes in EXbase
- obtain preserved samples from new drills to measure retained hydrocarbons and calibrate retained
hydrocarbons in archived samples
- measure reaction kinetics of kerogens
- build basin model to predict hydrocarbon generation, pressure generation, migration and retentionBASINMOD
- Mapping liquids production- -Assessing metrics that can be mapped- geochemical & petrophysical
www.knoc.co.kr/ENG/sub06/sub06_2_n1.jsp
Prospective Gas/Oil Shales
Dunvegan/Shaftsbury
Buckinghorse/Moosebar/Wilrich
Fernie/Nordegg/Gordendale
Montney/Doig
Golata, Banff/Exshaw
Besa River/Muskwa
Tetcho/RedKnife
canadian shales
NE
SW
google earth
Geothermal Gradient
•
Adapted from Geological Atlas
of the WCSB
Estimated Reservoir Temperatures, Devonian strata, NE BC
Buckinghorse
Shaftsbury
Nordegg
Complexities and Predictions
Montney
Muskwa/Otter Park/Evie,
Duvernay
fracture or fraced controlled permeability
facies controlled permeability
Bustin and Bustin, 2016
Bustin and Bustin, 2016
Artificial Neural Network Models
•
•
50% data used to train model (Training Set)
50% data used to assess accuracy of model (External Examination Set)
22
Expected Deliverables:
Maps of the distribution of strata with liquids production potential
Quantification of flow characteristics of the shale matrix to reservoir gases and liquids and
differentiation of the relative fluxes due to advection and diffusion, as well as relative
permeability
Better correlation between laboratory-based measurements and well logs such that well logs
may be better calibrated from rock data
Quantification of the impact of fluids (drilling and frac fluids) on producibility of the
reservoirs (i.e. imbibition, phase blocking, retrograde condensation)
Developed of new methods and protocols to screen stratigraphically large sections of the
prospective northeastern B.C. shales for optimal zones for laterals and completions for
liquids
Training of highly qualified individuals
support: