Download Rocks and Minerals Page 2

Rocks and Minerals Page 2
Objectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
List the 3 types of Rock in the Earth.
Explain how silicates form Sedimentary rock
Explain how Igneous rock is formed.
Explain the 3 things needed to form Metamorphic rock.
Rocks—what are they?
--Rocks are solid objects made in ___________ from 2 or more ___________ bonded together by nature.
--Different rocks are classified into 3 groups. __________________,_____________________,_______________
Rock Type 1: Sedimentary Rock
--Sedimentary rocks are made when sediment (sand, gravel, dirt) gets ______________________ underwater, and
then gets bonded together by _________________.
Silicates create sedimentary rocks when…
1.
2.
3.
___________ carries ________________ silicates in between grains of ________
and ___________.
The water helps _____________ the minerals’ atoms into their _____________.
______________ form in between the grains and pebbles, ____________ them into a solid rock.
--Sedimentary rocks take many years to be formed, and tends to make ___________, known as ___________.
--You can see the layers (strata) of sedimentary rock on the ___________________
--Sedimentary rock tends to have a __________, chunky appearance with a ___________ texture.
Rock Type 2: Igneous (Volcanic) Rock
--Igneous Rocks are made when liquid _______ and
_____________ from volcanoes _________into solid rock.
--Magma and lava _________ many minerals and rocks together, and __________ them into new rocks.
--When magma cools ______________, it forms rocks with _____________ in it.
--Lava cooling ___________________forms solid rock with _________ Crystals.
--Igneous rock either have ___________, and _____________________, or a mix of different color ___________,
depending on ____________ they were ______________ (above or below the ground).
--Some Igneous rocks have a ____________ appearance.
Rock Type 3: Metamorphic Rock
--Metamorphic Rocks are made when __________________ and ________________ Rocks “___________” or change.
-- Rocks can change into new types of rocks with…
A. Extreme __________.
B. Crushing underground ___________.
C. Years and Years of ___________.
--Metamorphic Rock, tends to have foliated grains which means
grains and particles of the rock ____________ in ______________ or
“________________” lines.
Fossils
--Fossils are the ____________ of a dead plant, dead animal, or animal tracks that have been _____________________.
--Fossils are __________—in order to become a fossil, the dead plant/animals must be buried _________________
under a large amount of mud and water to become fossilized.
--__________________ are even more rare—since they __________________, and do not have hard parts, like bones,
claws and teeth.
--Fossils are useful to Paleontologists, people who study __________________________________________.
--Fossils can show paleontologists what plants and animals ____________________ long ago, that are not alive today.
Review Questions
1. How is a rock different from a mineral?
2. How do silicates create rocks out of grains of sand and stones?
3. What is an Igneous rock?
4. What is the difference between Igneous rock formed above the ground, and below the ground?
5. A diamond is formed when coal is kept under a lot of pressure and heat for thousands of years. Would this be an
example of a Metamorphic rock? Explain your answer!!!