Download sol review questions

SOL REVIEW QUESTIONS: World History & Geography to 1500 A.D.
WHI.2 REVIEW #1
1.
What shaped how early human societies lived their lives?
__________________________________________
2.
On what continent did the first forms of man evolve?
______________________________________________
3.
What form of early man emerged about 100,000 to 400,000 years ago?
_______________________________
4.
Homo sapiens migrated from Africa to where?
___________________________________________________
5.
How did early man gain his food?
_____________________________________________________________
6.
Early man was dependent on the availability of what?
_____________________________________________
WHI.2 REVIEW #2
7.
Early man was able to overcome his physical environment because he developed what? _________________
8.
Name 2 characteristics of hunter-gatherer societies. ______________________________________________
9.
Name 4 things which developed during the Old Stone Age.
_________________________________________
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10. What is another name for the Old Stone Age?
___________________________________________________
11. A person who migrates in search of food, water and shelter is a ____________________________________.
12. What group developed the first tools and weapons?
_______________________________________________
WHI.2 REVIEW #3
13. Name 5 things which developed during the New Stone Age. ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
14. What is another name for the New Stone Age? __________________________________________________
15. What effect did agriculture have on how early man lived? __________________________________________
16. What does carbon dating do? ________________________________________________________________
17. What is an artifact? ________________________________________________________________________
18. Who studies past cultures by locating & analyzing human remains, fossils, and artifacts? _________________
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19. What archaeological site in England was built during the Neolithic period & Bronze Age? -
__________________
WHI.3 REVIEW #4
20. What did river valleys provide for early civilizations?
_______________________________________________
21. The area located from the Mediterranean coast to Mesopotamia is called what? ________________________
22. When did the first river civilizations appear?
_____________________________________________________
23. Egypt is located next to what river?
____________________________________________________________
24. What area is located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? _____________________________________
25. What river valley civilization was located in India?
________________________________________________
26. On what river was China’s river civilization located?
_______________________________________________
WHI.3 REVIEW #5
27. The Nile River is located on what continent?
_____________________________________________________
28. On what continent is Mesopotamia located? ____________________________________________________-
_
29. Where did the first civilizations develop? ______________________________________________________-
__
30. What groups invaded river valley civilizations? _________________________________________________-
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31. Who settled between the Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River Valley? _______________________________
32. What group settled along the Eastern Mediterranean coast? _______________________________________-
_
33. What civilization was located on the upper Nile River Valley? _____________________________________-
___
WHI.3 REVIEW #6
34. Where were the “Cradles of Civilization” located? _______________________________________________-
__
35. Who ruled Egypt? _________________________________________________________________________
36. How did rulers in the river valleys gain power? _________________________________________________-
__
37. What is a dynasty? ________________________________________________________________________
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38. True or False: Most river civilizations had a rigid class system. ___________________________________-
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39. What was accepted in most river valley civilizations? ____________________________________________-
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40. The government of early Mesopotamian civilizations often had a centralized government based on what?
________________________________________________________________________________________
WHI.3 REVIEW #7
41. Name the two written law codes of the Fertile Crescent. __________________________________________-
__
42. What is an empire? ________________________________________________________________________
43. What political system is characterized by a city and its surrounding lands? ____________________________-
_
44. What were two metals used to make tools and weapons? __________________________________________
45. What group traded throughout the Mediterranean Sea and on Middle Eastern rivers? ____________________
46. Name 3 reasons river valley civilizations had an agricultural surplus. ________________________________-
__
________________________________________________________________________________________
47. Where were the world’s first cities located? _____________________________________________________
WHI.3 REVIEW #8
48. People who do work according to their skills are practicing what? ____________________________________
49. What type of religion did most people of the Fertile Crescent practice?
________________________________
50. What type of religion did the Hebrews follow? ___________________________________________________
51. Judaism is the foundation of what other religions? ________________________________________________
52. Which civilization was the first to follow one God? ________________________________________________
53. Who led the Hebrews out of Mesopotamia and helped found the Jewish faith? _________________________-
_
54. Who received the Ten Commandments? _______________________________________________________
WHI.3 REVIEW #9
55. What is the holy city of the Hebrews? _________________________________________________________-
_
56. Who led the Jews out of Egypt? ______________________________________________________________
57. What states the proper moral and religious conduct for Hebrews? ___________________________________-
_
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58. What is the written records and beliefs of the Hebrews? ___________________________________________
59. What is the belief in one God? ______________________________________________________________
60. What is the religion of the Hebrews? __________________________________________________________-
_
61. The Hebrews were captured and taken to Babylon. What is this called? _____________________________-
__
WHI.3 REVIEW #10
62. The Hebrews were forced to leave Palestine because they rebelled too often. What is this called? __________
63. What civilization used hieroglyphics? __________________________________________________________
64. What were 2 important cultural innovations developed in early river valleys? __________________________-
__
65. What civilization developed the alphabet as we know it? ___________________________________________
66. What civilization used cuneiform? ___________________________________________________________-
__
67. The earliest written symbols were called what? _________________________________________________-
__
WHI.4 REVIEW #11
68. The Persian civilization developed from what previous civilizations? __________________________________
69. How did the Persians treat the people they conquered? ___________________________________________-
_
70. What is a bureaucracy? ____________________________________________________________________-
_
71. What religion did the Persians follow? ________________________________________________________-
__
72. What did the Persians do to improve communication and trade in their empire? ________________________-
_
73. Who had the largest empire in the ancient world before Alexander the Great? __________________________
74. What was the second river valley in India to be settled? ___________________________________________-
_
WHI.4 REVIEW #12
75. Who invaded and conquered the original Indus River Valley civilization?
_______________________________
76. What was India’s rigidly structured social system based on occupation? ______________________________-
_
77. Name 3 geographic barriers which made invading India harder. _____________________________________
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78. What mountains are to the west of the Indian sub-continent? ______________________________________-
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79. What mountains are to the east of the Indian sub-continent? _______________________________________-
_
80. Through what mountain range did invaders reach India? _________________________________________-
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81. What are the 2 main rivers of the Indian subcontinent? ____________________________________________
WHI.4 REVIEW #13
82. What did the caste system influence? _________________________________________________________-
_
83. During what empire was India’s Golden Age of Culture? ___________________________________________
84. Name 2 non-religious contributions of India. ___________________________________________________-
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85. What was the religion of classical India? ______________________________________________________-
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86. What religion believes in one major deity who takes many forms? __________________________________-
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87. The Indian cycle of rebirth is called what? _____________________________________________________-
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88. Future reincarnation based on present behavior is what? _________________________________________-
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WHI.4 REVIEW #14
89. What are the sacred writings of Hinduism? _____________________________________________________-
_
90. What religion did Siddhartha Gautama found? ___________________________________________________
91. Where was Buddhism founded? ______________________________________________________________
92. What does a Buddhist have to do to gain Enlightenment? _________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
93. Who was Buddha? _______________________________________________________________________-
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94. Who sent missionaries to spread Buddhism throughout Asia? ______________________________________-
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95. What are the 2 basic beliefs of Buddhism? _____________________________________________________-
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96. In what river valley was classical China’s civilization located? _______________________________________
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WHI.4 REVIEW #15
97. What is another name for the Huang He? ______________________________________________________-
_
98. From where did migratory invaders enter China? ________________________________________________-
_
99. Why was the Great Wall built? _______________________________________________________________
100.
About when did China’s civilization begin? _____________________________________________________
101.
What 2 religions did China contribute? ________________________________________________________
102.
Who built the Great Wall of China? __________________________________________________________
103.
The ruling families of China were called what? __________________________________________________
104.
Chinese rulers served under the authority of what? ______________________________________________
WHI.4 REVIEW #16
105.
What does this mean? ____________________________________________________________________
106.
Chinese emperors were considered to be what? ________________________________________________
107.
What connected China to cultures as far away as Rome?
_________________________________________
108.
People who work for the bureaucracy of China were part of what? __________________________________
109.
What fabric did China contribute to the world?
__________________________________________________
110.
Name 4 contributions of classical China. ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
111.
What religion believes that humans are good, not bad? ___________________________________________
112.
Name 5 beliefs of Confucianism. ____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_
WHI.4 REVIEW #17
113.
In what country do citizens respect their elders and worship their ancestors? _________________________
114.
What belief of Confucianism still influences China today? _________________________________________
115.
What represents opposites in Daoism and Confucianism? ________________________________________
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116.
What religion believes in a simple life and inner peace? __________________________________________
117.
What religion believes man should live in harmony with nature? ____________________________________
118.
Buddhism from where spread throughout Asia? _________________________________________________
119.
What 3 religions are practiced in China? ______________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #18
120.
What geographic feature shaped the economic, social, and political development of Greece? _________
121.
The Hellenic civilization took place in what country? ________________________________________
122.
How did the Greeks spread the Hellenic culture? ____________________________________________
123.
What sea is located east of Greece? _______________________________________________________
124.
What sea is located south of Greece? _____________________________________________________
125.
What strait leads to the Black Sea? _______________________________________________________
126.
What peninsula is located east of Greece? __________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #19
127.
What area was located north of Greece and was the home of Alexander the Great? _________________
128.
What were the 2 main city-states of Greece? ________________________________________________
129.
Why was agriculture limited in ancient Greece? _____________________________________________
130.
To trade one good for another is to do what? _______________________________________________
131.
What was the chief occupation of the Greeks? ______________________________________________
132.
Greeks practiced barter, but later changed over to what? ______________________________________
133.
What geographical feature isolated and hindered the development of Greek city-states? _____________
WHI.5 REVIEW #20
134.
Why did the Greeks colonize outside Greece? ______________________________________________
135.
What did the design of Greek city-states promote? ___________________________________________
136.
The Greeks practiced what kind of religion? ________________________________________________
137.
Name 3 things Greek mythology explained. ________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
138.
Why is Greek mythology still important today? _____________________________________________
139.
____________________________________________________________________________________
140.
What did Zeus represent? ______________________________________________________________
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141.
What did Artemis represent? ____________________________________________________________
142.
What did Apollo represent? _____________________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #21
143.
What did Athena represent? _____________________________________________________________
144.
What did Hera represent? _______________________________________________________________
145.
What did Aphrodite represent? __________________________________________________________
146.
What city-state had the most democratic government of its time? _______________________________
147.
Who were Greek citizens? ______________________________________________________________
148.
What responsibility did Greek citizens have? ______________________________________________
149.
What 3 groups had no political power? ____________________________________________________
150.
What kind of government was ruled by one family who inherited power? _________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #22
151.
What government is ruled by a small group of nobles? ________________________________________
152.
What government is ruled by one person who seized power? __________________________________
153.
What government is ruled by citizens who could vote? _______________________________________
154.
Who created written laws with severe punishments? _________________________________________
155.
Who improved the legal system & expanded participation in the Assembly? ______________________
156.
What city-state had a direct democracy? ___________________________________________________
157.
What 3 democratic principles began in Athens? _____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #23
158.
Which Greek city-state had a militaristic and aggressive society? _______________________________
159.
What Greek city-state had an oligarchy? ___________________________________________________
160.
Which city-state had a rigid social structure? _______________________________________________
161.
What type of government is ruled by a small group? _________________________________________
162.
Which wars united Athens and Sparta against an external enemy? _______________________________
163.
What was a result of the Persian War for Athens? ___________________________________________
164.
Name two battles of the Persian Wars. ______________________________________________________
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WHI.5 REVIEW #24
165.
A result of the Persian War for the Greeks was the control of what sea?. __________________________
166.
Which war came first--Peloponnesian or Persian? ___________________________________________
167.
What was the alliance headed by Athens? _________________________________________________
168.
What war was caused by competition between Athens & Sparta for control of the Greek world? _______
169.
What war caused a slowing of culture and a weakening of political power in Greece? _______________
170.
What was the alliance headed by Sparta? __________________________________________________
171.
Who was Pericles? ____________________________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #25
172.
Who rebuilt Athens after the Persian Wars? ________________________________________________
173.
What building was rebuilt after the Persian Wars? ___________________________________________
174.
During the reign of _?_, democracy was extended so all adult male citizens could vote & participate in the
gov’t. ___________________________________________________________________________
175.
The Golden Age of Pericles was between what 2 wars? _______________________________________
176.
Who wrote the Iliad & the Odyssey? ______________________________________________________
177.
Name 2 Greek dramatic playwrights. ______________________________________________________
178.
Name the first Greek historian. __________________________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #26
179.
What Greek historian wrote about the Peloponnesian War? ___________________________________
180.
Who was the Greek sculptor who created the statue of Athena in the Parthenon? ___________________
181.
What kind of columns are on the Parthenon? _______________________________________________
182.
What were the 3 types of Greek columns? _________________________________________________
183.
Who was the Greek who developed the lever and pulley? _____________________________________
184.
Who was the father of medicine? _________________________________________________________
185.
Name 3 Greek philosophers. ____________________________________________________________
186.
Who developed a theory about right triangles? ______________________________________________
WHI.5 REVIEW #27
187.
Who was the father of geometry? ________________________________________________________
188.
What war made it easier for the Macedonians to conquer Greece? ______________________________
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189.
What Macedonian conquered most of Greece? ______________________________________________
190.
Name 3 areas controlled by Alexander the Great. ____________________________________________
191.
What did Alexander the Great spread? ____________________________________________________
192.
Who conquered the Persian Empire and most of the ancient world? _____________________________
193.
How was Hellenistic culture spread? ______________________________________________________
194.
What was Hellenistic culture? ___________________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #28
195.
Where was Rome located? ______________________________________________________________
196.
Name two advantages of Rome’s location. _________________________________________________
197.
What protected Italy from northern invaders? _______________________________________________
198.
What protected Italy on all other sides? ____________________________________________________
199.
On what landform is Italy located? _______________________________________________________
200.
What advantages did the Mediterranean Sea provide for Rome? ________________________________
201.
What type of religion did Rome follow? ___________________________________________________
202.
How has Roman mythology influenced western art and culture? ________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #29
203.
Did Rome’s religion influence its politics, culture and art? ____________________________________
204.
Name 3 things Roman mythology explained. _______________________________________________
205.
Roman mythology was based on what? ____________________________________________________
206.
What did Jupiter represent? _____________________________________________________________
207.
What did Juno represent? _______________________________________________________________
208.
What did Apollo represent? _____________________________________________________________
209.
What did Venus represent? _____________________________________________________________
210.
What did Diana represent? ______________________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #30
211.
What did Minerva represent? ____________________________________________________________
212.
Name 3 groups in Roman society who had no rights. _________________________________________
213.
Non-Romans living in the Roman Republic were called what? _________________________________
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214.
What was the highest Roman social class and who was in it? ___________________________________
215.
Roman slavery was not based on what? ___________________________________________________
216.
The majority of Rome’s population was what class? _________________________________________
217.
Who were forced by conquest to become servants to the Romans? ______________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #31
218.
Who held citizenship in Rome? __________________________________________________________
219.
Who had the privilege of voting in Rome? _________________________________________________
220.
Name 2 responsibilities of Roman citizenship. ______________________________________________
221.
What kind of democracy did Rome have? __________________________________________________
222.
Who was elected by the Assembly & served Rome for one year? ________________________________
223.
Who served in the Senate and Assembly? __________________________________________________
224.
The written laws of Rome were called what? _______________________________________________
225.
The Punic Wars were between whom? ____________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #32
226.
Rome’s victory in the Punic Wars led to the diffusion of what? _________________________________
227.
The Punic Wars were fought because of competition for what? _________________________________
228.
Who invaded the Italian peninsula during the Second Punic War? _______________________________
229.
Who won the Punic Wars? ______________________________________________________________
230.
The Third Punic War resulted in the destruction of what? _____________________________________
231.
What wars were fought from 264-146 BC? _________________________________________________
232.
At the end of the Punic Wars, Rome controlled the lands around what sea? _______________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #33
233.
Name 3 results of the Punic Wars? _______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
234.
Name 4 areas which became part of the Roman Empire. ______________________________________
235.
Name 4 causes for the decline of the Roman Republic. _______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
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236.
What replaced the Roman republic? ______________________________________________________
237.
Define inflation. ______________________________________________________________________
238.
What did devaluation of Roman currency cause? ____________________________________________
239.
Who was in the First Triumvirate? _______________________________________________________
240.
A civil war broke out between the Senate and whom? ________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #34
241.
What happened to Julius Caesar? ________________________________________________________
242.
Who defeated Marc Anthony at the Battle of Actium? ________________________________________
243.
Who was the first emperor of Rome? _____________________________________________________
244.
How did Rome unify and enlarge its empire? _______________________________________________
245.
What was a weakness of the Roman political system? ________________________________________
246.
Name 3 things Augustus Caesar instituted when he established the Roman Empire. _________________
247.
____________________________________________________________________________________
248.
What was the Pax Romana? _____________________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #35
249.
What emperor established the Pax Romana? ________________________________________________
250.
What was expanded and solidified during the Pax Romana? ___________________________________
251.
Name 3 effects of the Pax Romana on the economy. _________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
252.
What effect did a uniform system of money have on the Pax Romana? ___________________________
253.
Name 2 social impacts of the Pax Romana. _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
254.
Rule by law describes what? ____________________________________________________________
255.
During what period did a civil service and uniform rule of law develop? __________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #36
256.
What is the civil service? _______________________________________________________________
257.
Christianity was based on what religion? __________________________________________________
258.
What kind of religion was Christianity? ___________________________________________________
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259.
Who was proclaimed the Messiah? _______________________________________________________
260.
Who originated Christianity? ____________________________________________________________
261.
Why did the Romans persecute Christians? _________________________________________________
262.
Name 3 basic beliefs of Christianity. ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
263.
What was the holy book for Christians? ___________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #37
264.
Who established early Christian doctrine? __________________________________________________
265.
What was the goal of the Apostles? _______________________________________________________
266.
What does the New Testament contain? ___________________________________________________
267.
Who helped to establish Christianity as a separate religion? ____________________________________
268.
Who was the first Christian emperor? _____________________________________________________
269.
What emperor legalized Christianity? _____________________________________________________
270.
How did the Romans treat the Christians? _________________________________________________
271.
What became the moral authority of the late Roman Empire? __________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #38
272.
What was the main unifying force in western Europe after the fall of Rome? ______________________
273.
After the fall of the Roman Empire, to whom did the people of Europe give their loyalty? ____________
274.
What spread Roman culture? ____________________________________________________________
275.
What temple was built by Hadrian in Rome and has a freestanding dome? ________________________
276.
What area in Rome was the center of gov't and religion? ______________________________________
277.
It was an amphitheater where gladiator games were held. _____________________________________
278.
The Appian Way is an example of a _________________________________________________________.
279.
This carried water to Roman cities. _______________________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #39
280.
Most Roman buildings have this architectural feature. ________________________________________
281.
Name 3 examples of public health in Rome. ________________________________________________
282.
Who was Ptolemy? ___________________________________________________________________
283.
What language did they speak in Rome? ___________________________________________________
284.
Languages which came from Latin are called what? __________________________________________
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285.
Name 3 Romance languages. ____________________________________________________________
286.
Who wrote the Aeneid? ________________________________________________________________
287.
What were the 2 most important religions in Rome? _________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #40
288.
What principle of law came from Rome? __________________________________________________
289.
What were the Twelve Tables? __________________________________________________________
290.
Why did the Western Roman Empire “fall”? _______________________________________________
291.
Name 2 economic factors for the fall of Rome. ______________________________________________
292.
Who did the Roman army include at the “fall of Rome”? ______________________________________
293.
True or False: No one factor caused Rome to fall. ____________________________________________
294.
What was the result in the inclusion of barbarians in the army? _________________________________
295.
What factor led to the moral decay of Rome? _______________________________________________
WHI.6 REVIEW #41
296.
Name 2 factors which increased Rome’s political weakness. ___________________________________
297.
When did the Roman Empire “fall”? ______________________________________________________
298.
Who invaded the Roman Empire? ________________________________________________________
299.
Who moved the capital of the Roman Empire to Byzantium? __________________________________
300.
What became Byzantium’s new name? ____________________________________________________
301.
What event caused the “fall” of the Western Roman Empire? __________________________________
302.
What did the Eastern Roman Empire become? ______________________________________________
WHI.7 REVIEW #42
303.
Name 4 advantages of Constantinople’s location ____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
304.
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? _____________________________________________
305.
What ended the Byzantine Empire? _______________________________________________________
306.
The Byzantine Empire helped preserve what cultures? ________________________________________
307.
Who codified Roman law? _____________________________________________________________
308.
What impact did Justinian’s code have on western Europe? ____________________________________
309.
Under what emperor did the Byzantine empire reach its height of culture and prosperity? ____________
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WHI.7 REVIEW #43
310.
Name 3 accomplishments of Justinian. ____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
311.
Who is the most well known Byzantine Emperor? ___________________________________________
312.
What Byzantine emperor reconquered many formerly Roman territories? _________________________
313.
What enabled a distinct Byzantine art and architecture to develop? ______________________________
314.
What tradition influenced Byzantine culture? _______________________________________________
315.
What are the religious images of the Byzantine Empire? ______________________________________
316.
What is a mosaic? ____________________________________________________________________
317.
Where were mosaics used? _____________________________________________________________
WHI.7 REVIEW #44
318.
What is the Byzantine domed church in Constantinople? _____________________________________
319.
What language was spoken in the Byzantine Empire? ________________________________________
320.
What type of Christianity was practiced in the Byzantine Empire? ______________________________
321.
What did Byzantine libraries preserve? ____________________________________________________
322.
What weakened the unity of the Christian Church? __________________________________________
323.
Where was the Eastern church centered? ___________________________________________________
324.
What language did the Eastern church use? _________________________________________________
325.
What language did the Western church use? ________________________________________________
WHI.7 REVIEW #45
326.
Where was the Western church centered? __________________________________________________
327.
Who was accepted as the leader of the Western church? ______________________________________
328.
Who accepted the practice of celibacy? ____________________________________________________
329.
What was the result of the differences between the Eastern and Western Christian churches? _________
330.
What civilization influenced Eastern Europe & Russia? _______________________________________
331.
What church did Russia and Eastern Europe adopt? __________________________________________
332.
How did Eastern Europe and Russia come into contact with the Byzantine Empire? _________________
333.
Who developed the Slavic alphabet? ______________________________________________________
334.
What civilization influenced Russian architecture and religious art? _____________________________
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WHI.8 REVIEW #46
335.
Who founded Islam? __________________________________________________________________
336.
What type of religion is Islam? __________________________________________________________
337.
Who is The Prophet? __________________________________________________________________
338.
What are the two holiest cities of Islam? ___________________________________________________
339.
Where are they located? ________________________________________________________________
340.
Where was the first Muslim Empire located? _______________________________________________
341.
What does Allah mean? ________________________________________________________________
342.
What is the holy book of Islam? _________________________________________________________
343.
Name 3 of the Five Pillars of Islam. ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
WHI.8 REVIEW #47
344.
Name 3 prophets Muslims believe in. _____________________________________________________
345.
Name 2 geographic barriers Muslims overcame to spread their religion. __________________________
346.
Where did Islam spread? _______________________________________________________________
347.
Islam spread along what type of routes? ___________________________________________________
348.
What did a common language help Muslims to do? __________________________________________
349.
Did geographic barriers stop the spread of Islam? ____________________________________________
350.
Why was Islam able to spread into the Fertile Crescent and Central Asia? _________________________
351.
What language did the Muslims spread? ___________________________________________________
352.
Slavery in Muslim countries was not based on …. ___________________________________________
WHI.8 REVIEW #48
353.
What are the 2 divisions of Islam? ________________________________________________________
354.
What battle “saved” Europe from the Muslims? _____________________________________________
355.
What cities in the Middle East were conquered by the Muslims? ________________________________
356.
What mosque is in Jerusalem? ___________________________________________________________
357.
Name 3 contributions of Islamic society. ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
358.
How did Muslims save ancient texts? _____________________________________________________
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359.
What was the artistic form used by Muslims in many of their mosques? __________________________
360.
Where did Arabic numerals originally come from? ___________________________________________
361.
What 2 mathematical concepts did Muslims develop? ________________________________________
362.
Name 2 other achievements of the Muslims. ________________________________________________
WHI.9 REVIEW #49
363.
What was the unifying force in western Europe after the fall of Rome? ___________________________
364.
What gained importance as the Roman empire declined? ______________________________________
365.
Who anointed the Holy Roman Emperor? __________________________________________________
366.
What needs of the people did the Roman Catholic Church serve? _______________________________
367.
Name the 3 foundations of early medieval society. ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
368.
What preserved Greco-Roman cultural achievements? ________________________________________
369.
What 2 things did Christian missionaries bring to the Germanic tribes? __________________________
WHI.9 REVIEW #50
370.
When did the pope anoint Charlemagne? __________________________________________________
371.
What title did Charlemagne gain? ________________________________________________________
372.
Who served the religious and social needs of the people? ______________________________________
373.
What kind of system was established in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire? ________________
374.
Why did medieval Europe turn to feudalism? _______________________________________________
375.
A serf owed obligations, especially protection to whom? ______________________________________
376.
What ended Roman protection to the Empire? ______________________________________________
WHI.9 REVIEW #51
377.
A _?_ is the land a vassal received from a lord. _____________________________________________
378.
What was the major part of lord/vassal relationships? ________________________________________
379.
A person who owed loyalty to a lord was a _________________________________________________
380.
A person who worked for a lord was a _____________________________________________________
381.
The _?_ system was the economic system of the Middle Ages. _________________________________
382.
What did manors try to be? _____________________________________________________________
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383.
What kind of class structure did medieval Europe have? ______________________________________
WHI.9 REVIEW #52
384.
How did the Frankish kings expand their territory? __________________________________________
385.
The Church allied with whom to reestablish Roman culture in Western Europe? ___________________
386.
Who was responsible for a revival of learning and Roman culture? ______________________________
387.
Who did the pope crown Holy Roman Emperor? ____________________________________________
388.
What disrupted the social, economic, and political order of Europe? _____________________________
389.
Who was invading Europe? _____________________________________________________________
390.
What tribe invaded Hungary? ___________________________________________________________
391.
Where did they come from? _____________________________________________________________
WHI.9 REVIEW #53
392.
What Germanic tribes invaded England? __________________________________________________
393.
Who attacked Europe from Scandinavia? __________________________________________________
394.
Who settled in Russia? _________________________________________________________________
395.
What provided protection from these invaders? _____________________________________________
396.
Name 3 results of the Germanic invasions on medieval Europe. ________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
397.
What reinforced the feudal system? _______________________________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #54
398.
Trade routes developed between what 3 continents? __________________________________________
399.
What trade route crossed Asia to the Mediterranean Basin? ____________________________________
400.
What does maritime mean? _____________________________________________________________
401.
What was traded across the Trans-Saharan trade route? _______________________________________
402.
Northern European trade routes were linked to what sea? ______________________________________
403.
Western European trade routes centered around what? ________________________________________
404.
Southeast Asian trade centered around what sea? ____________________________________________
405.
What was exchanged between the Eastern Hemisphere trade routes? _____________________________
406.
What was traded from lands around the Indian Ocean? _______________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #55
18
407.
What type of goods came from India, China, the Middle East, and later Europe? ___________________
408.
What goods came from China and Persia? _________________________________________________
409.
Where did paper originally come from? ___________________________________________________
410.
How did paper get to Western Europe? ____________________________________________________
411.
What new crop came from India? ________________________________________________________
412.
Name 2 technological inventions from the Eastern Hemisphere? ________________________________
413.
Name 2 new navigation technologies. _____________________________________________________
414.
Where did they come from? _____________________________________________________________
415.
What ideas spread across the hemispheres? _________________________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #56
416.
Buddhism spread from China to where? ___________________________________________________
417.
What religions spread from India to Southeast Asia? _________________________________________
418.
Where did Islam spread? _______________________________________________________________
419.
What 2 inventions came from China? _____________________________________________________
420.
What 2 religions coexist in Japan? _______________________________________________________
421.
What is an archipelago? ________________________________________________________________
422.
What is the topography of Japan? ________________________________________________________
423.
Name 2 geographic features which helped to defend Japan? ___________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #57
424.
What separates Japan from the Asian mainland? ____________________________________________
425.
Japan is near what 2 countries? __________________________________________________________
426.
Name 3 Chinese influences on Japanese culture. ____________________________________________
427.
What is the ethnic religion of Japan? _____________________________________________________
428.
Name 3 important features of Shintoism. __________________________________________________
429.
Who did the Japanese worship as part of their religion? _______________________________________
430.
What is the state religion of Japan? _______________________________________________________
431.
True or False: A person cannot be a follower of both Shintoism and Buddhism. ____________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #58
432.
What is the area south of the Sahara Desert called? __________________________________________
19
433.
What brought important economic, cultural, and religious influences to African civilizations? ________
434.
What 3 African civilizations developed in West Africa? ______________________________________
435.
What civilization developed in East Africa? ________________________________________________
436.
What civilization developed in southern Africa? _____________________________________________
437.
What civilization was located in the Ethiopian Highlands, near the Nile River? ____________________
438.
Christianity was the main religion of what African kingdom? __________________________________
439.
What civilization was located near the Limpopo and Zambezi rivers, near the coast of the Indian Ocean?
_____________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #59
440.
What was Great Zimbabwe? ____________________________________________________________
441.
On what river were the civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai located? ________________________
442.
What city was a center of trade and learning in West Africa? ___________________________________
443.
What were the main products of the Trans-Saharan trade? _____________________________________
444.
What desert is near Ghana, Mali, and Songhai? _____________________________________________
445.
What is animism? _____________________________________________________________________
446.
What religions did many civilizations of West Africa practice? _________________________________
WHI.10 REVIEW #60
Match the technology to where it came from.
447.
_______ Paper Money
a. Indian Ocean
448.
_______ Paper
b. India
449.
_______ Crops to produce sugar
c. China
450.
_______ Compass
d. China
451.
_______ Lateen sail
e. China
452.
_______ Printing
f. China
WHI.11 REVIEW #61
453.
What were the 3 civilizations of the Western Hemisphere? ____________________________________
454.
Where was the Mayan civilization located? ________________________________________________
20
455.
What was Chichén Itzá? _______________________________________________________________
456.
Who ruled Mayan city-states? ___________________________________________________________
457.
What kind of religion did the Mayans have? ________________________________________________
458.
What architectural feature characterized the Mayan civilization? ________________________________
459.
On what was the Mayan economy based? __________________________________________________
WHI.11 REVIEW #62
460.
Where was the Aztec civilization located? _________________________________________________
461.
What was the main city of the Aztecs? ____________________________________________________
462.
Who ruled the Aztecs? _________________________________________________________________
463.
On what was the Aztec economy based? ___________________________________________________
464.
What kind of religion did the Aztecs have? _________________________________________________
465.
On what was the Aztec religion based? ____________________________________________________
466.
What architectural feature characterized the Aztec civilization? _________________________________
WHI.11 REVIEW #63
467.
Where was the Incan civilization located? __________________________________________________
468.
Who ruled the Incas? __________________________________________________________________
469.
What was the main city of the Incas? ______________________________________________________
470.
On what was the Incan economy based? ___________________________________________________
471.
What kind of religion did the Incas have? __________________________________________________
472.
What advancements did the Incans achieve? ________________________________________________
473.
Name 3 contributions of the Aztecs, Incas and Mayans. _______________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #64
474.
When did the European nation states begin to form? _________________________________________
475.
What did William the Conqueror unite? ___________________________________________________
476.
Who led the Norman Conquest? _________________________________________________________
477.
Who invaded and captured England in 1066? _______________________________________________
478.
During whose reign did common law develop? ______________________________________________
479.
Who signed the Magna Carta? ___________________________________________________________
480.
What was the result of the Magna Carta? __________________________________________________
481.
Who was the Hundred Years War between? ________________________________________________
21
482.
What did it define for England? __________________________________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #65
483.
Who established the French throne? ______________________________________________________
484.
What became his capital? _______________________________________________________________
485.
What did his dynasty achieve? ___________________________________________________________
486.
What did the Hundred Years War define for France? _________________________________________
487.
Who was Joan of Arc? _________________________________________________________________
488.
Why was she important? _______________________________________________________________
489.
What rulers unified Spain? _____________________________________________________________
490.
Who expelled the Muslim Moors from Spain? ______________________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #66
491.
Who expanded the Spanish Empire in the Western Hemisphere? ________________________________
492.
What ruler of Russia overthrew the Mongols? ______________________________________________
493.
Name 3 achievements of Ivan the Great. ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
494.
Who held the power in Russia? __________________________________________________________
495.
What group influenced the unification of Russia? ____________________________________________
496.
What was the goal of the Crusades? ______________________________________________________
497.
Who took part in the Crusades? __________________________________________________________
498.
Pope Urban’s speech began what? ________________________________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #67
499.
During the Third Crusade, what city was captured by the Christians? ____________________________
500.
What did the crusaders establish in the Holy Lands? _________________________________________
501.
What Muslim leader captured Jerusalem? __________________________________________________
502.
What city was sacked by western crusaders? ________________________________________________
503.
Name 2 positive effects of the Crusades. ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
504.
Name 3 negative effects of the Crusades. __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
22
505.
Name 3 areas invaded by the Mongols. ____________________________________________________
506.
What were 2 results of these invasions? ___________________________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #68
507.
Who conquered Constantinople? _________________________________________________________
508.
When was it conquered? _______________________________________________________________
509.
What did this conquest end? ____________________________________________________________
510.
What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire? ______________________________________________
511.
What is another name for the Black Death? ________________________________________________
512.
When did it strike Europe? _____________________________________________________________
513.
What areas were affected by the Black Death? ______________________________________________
514.
Name 5 impacts of the Black Death. ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
WHI.12 REVIEW #69
515.
Who was educated during the Middle Ages? ________________________________________________
516.
What was the nobility concerned with during the Middle Ages? ________________________________
517.
Who was not educated during the Middle Ages? ____________________________________________
518.
Where was ancient literature preserved? ___________________________________________________
519.
What is a monastery? __________________________________________________________________
520.
What works were translated into Latin? ___________________________________________________
521.
What new knowledge did church scholars make available in Europe? ____________________________
522.
What led to the rise of universities in Europe? ______________________________________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #70
523.
What event introduced new products to Europe? ____________________________________________
524.
What promoted contact between Europe and the Byzantine and Muslim Empires? __________________
525.
Why were credit and banking developed? __________________________________________________
526.
Why did Europe need to produce more goods to trade? _______________________________________
527.
What is usury? _______________________________________________________________________
528.
What 2 things helped secularize northern Italy? _____________________________________________
529.
What does secular mean? ______________________________________________________________
23
530.
What expanded the supply of money and made trade easier? ___________________________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #71
531.
What new bookkeeping practice was introduced? ____________________________________________
532.
What was the Renaissance? _____________________________________________________________
533.
What led to the rise of Italian city-states? __________________________________________________
534.
Who were the civic leaders of the Italian city-states? _________________________________________
535.
Observations in The Prince were based on whom? ___________________________________________
536.
Who wrote The Prince? ________________________________________________________________
537.
What kind of government did The Prince state was best? ______________________________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #72
Which of the following are True statements about/from The Prince?
True or False:
538.
It states the guidelines of how to gain and keep power. __________________________________
539.
It was a modern treatise on government. _____________________________________________
540.
Absolute power is good. _________________________________________________________
541.
The end justified the means. ______________________________________________________
542.
A ruler should always do evil and good deeds only when necessary. _______________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #73
543.
What 3 Italian city-states controlled trade routes connecting Europe and the Middle East? ____________
544.
Italian city-states distributed goods to what area of Europe? ____________________________________
545.
What kind of government did most Italian city-states have? ____________________________________
546.
Were Italian city-states united under one king? ______________________________________________
547.
What is a patron? _____________________________________________________________________
548.
How did most patrons gain their wealth? __________________________________________________
549.
What did most patrons want glorified? ____________________________________________________
550.
What type of education was becoming the norm? ____________________________________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #74
551.
What were the subjects of most medieval art and literature? ___________________________________
552.
What were the subjects of most Renaissance art and literature? _________________________________
24
553.
Who painted the Mona Lisa and Last Supper? ______________________________________________
554.
Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and sculpted the David? ___________________________
555.
Who wrote sonnets to Laura? ___________________________________________________________
556.
Who was an Italian humanist scholar? _____________________________________________________
557.
Name 3 aspects of humanism. ___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
558.
Where did the Italian Renaissance spread? _________________________________________________
559.
How did it spread? ____________________________________________________________________
WHI.13 REVIEW #75
560.
True or False: The Northern Renaissance was the same as the Italian Renaissance. __________________
561.
What supported Renaissance ideas in Northern Europe? ______________________________________
562.
What did Northern Renaissance thinkers blend? _____________________________________________
563.
What did Gutenberg invent? ____________________________________________________________
564.
What helped to spread the ideas of the Renaissance? _________________________________________
565.
Why did books become cheaper during the Renaissance? ______________________________________
566.
Who wrote The Praise of Folly? _________________________________________________________
567.
Who wrote Utopia? ___________________________________________________________________
568.
What subjects did the artists of the Northern Renaissance paint? ________________________________
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING PICTURES
569.
570.
571.
25
572.
573.
574.
575.
576.
577.
26