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Chapter 4 Study Guide—Energy
1. __Photosynthesis_________________ is the transfer of light energy from the sun to chemical energy
in the bonds of sugars
2. What type of organisms carry out photosynthesis? Plants and organisms that have chlorophyll
3. Define an autotroph – self feeder, makes own food
a. Give an example - plants
4. Define heterotroph – “other feeder”, have to eat food
a. Give an example - humans
5. Draw a basic picture of ADP and ATP
a. What is the difference in their shape? ATP = 3 phosphate ADP = 2 phosphate
b. What is different about the energy each has? ATP = high energy
ADP = low energy
6. *How is the ATP/ADP setup like a rechargeable battery?
ADP is uncharged (only 2 phosphates). When a third phosphate is added, the ATP is now a
charged battery and can use its energy
7. Write down the reaction for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide +water + light -- oxygen + glucose
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Label the reactants - Carbon dioxide +water + light
Label the products - oxygen + glucose
Label the carbohydrate -glucose
Label the types of energy – light and chemical
Label what gets split - water
Label what gets “fixed up” – carbon dioxide
8. What is the name of the pigment in the chloroplast? chlorophyll
9. What is the cell part that carries out photosynthesis? chloroplast
10. Complete the table below about the light reactions and dark reactions of photosynthesis
Reaction
Type
What goes into it?
What comes out of
it?
Does it
need
light?
Does it
need the
dark?
What
gets
split?
What gets
“fixed up”?
LIGHT
water
light
oxygen
Yes
No
water
----
DARK
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
No
No
----
Carbon
dioxide
11. Complete the flowchart below
_____glycolosis__ is
the first step of making
energy from sugar
If oxygen is present
(aerobic), the cell will
do
____respiration___
Includes the Kreb’s
Cycle and Electron
Transport
WORDS TO USE:
-alcoholic
-fermentation
-glycolysis
-lactic acid
-respiration
If oxygen is NOT
present (anaerobic), the
cell will do
_____fermentation___
__
Has two different types
____alcoholic_____
makes food like beer
___lactic acid_____
makes food like yogurt
and sauerkraut
12. What other foods can be produced using
a. Alcoholic fermentation? Wine, bread
b. Lactic acid fermentation? Pickles, yogurt
13. Can animals and plants do respiration? Yes, any organism with a mitochondrion (eukaryotes)
14. Can animals carry out photosynthesis? NO
15. Why can only eukaryotes do aerobic respiration? They have mitochondria
16. What is the first step of cellular respiration? Glycolysis
17. Role of NAD – carries hydrogen to the electron transport chain
18. Write down the reaction for respiration
glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + ATP
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Label the reactants - glucose + oxygen
Label the products - carbon dioxide + water + ATP
Label the carbohydrate - glucose
Label the types of energy – chemical (both)
Label what glucose turns into – glucose  pyruvic acid  carbon dioxide
19. *How are photosynthesis and respiration considered opposite processes?
The reactants of one are the products of the other. Glucose and oxygen are the reactants of
respiration but are the products of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: light  glucose
Respiration: glucose  ATP
20. Complete the table below
Reaction
Where does it
happen?
What goes into it?
GLYCOLYSIS
cytoplasm
Glucose
Pyruvic acid (3C
molecule) + ATP
2
cytoplasm
Pyruvic acid (3C
molecule)
Alc: bread, wine
Lactic: yogurt,
pickles
0
FERMENTATION
What comes out of How much ATP
it?
is made?
KREBS CYCLE
mitochondria
Pyruvic acid (3C
molecule)
Carbon dioxide
and ATP
2
ELECTRON
TRANSPORT
mitochondria
----
Water and ATP
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