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Electromagnetic Propulsion
Brice Cassenti
University of Connecticut
Electromagentic Propulsion
• Electric Rocket Propulsion
• Solar and Laser Sailing
Electromagnetic Forces
• Particle with
– Charge q
– Mass m 
– Velocity v

• Electric Field Intensity E

• Magnetic Flux Density B

  
dv
 q E  v  B 
• Equation of motion m
dt
Plasma Drift
B applied magnetic field
E applied electric field
j current due to E
v drift velocity
Hall Effect in a Solid
http://arapaho.nsuok.edu/~bradfiel/advlab/Hall/hall-effect.pdf
Current Flow in a Plasma
• In a neutral plasma



– j  qni vi  ne ve 
– ni , ne are the ion and electron number densities
• Current is
  





j  B pe me  dj  d ln n 

j  s E  v  B 


 j

nqe
nqe nqe  dt
dt 

– s is the conductivity
Resistojet
Humble, et al
Electron Bombardment Ion Thruster
Sutton
Rail Acclerator
Sutton
MPD Arcjet
Sutton
Hall Accelerator
Sutton
Solar and Laser Sails
• Momentum of light
P  E/c
• Pressure due to reflection
– p  2 I / c
• Intensity of sun at earth
–
– 1360 W/m2
Solar Sails
Google “Solar Sail images”
Laser Sails
R.L. Forward
Microwave Sail - Starwisp
R.L. Forward
References
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•
•
•
•
•
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Davidson, R.C. and H. Qin, Physics of Intense Charged Particle Beams in High Energy
Physics, Imperial College Press, London and World Scientific Publishing Co., Pte.
Ltd., Singapore, 2001.
Davidson, R.C., Physics of Nonneutral Plasmas, Imperial College Press, London and
World Scientific Publishing Co., Pte. Ltd., Singapore, 2001.
Forward, R.L., Beamed Power Propulsion to the Stars, AAAS Symposium on
Interstellar Communication and Travel, AAAS Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, 25-20
May 1986
Hughes, W.F., and J.A. Brighton, Theory and Problems of Fluid Dynamics, Schaum’s
Outline Series, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1967.
Humble, R.W., G.N. Henry, and W.J. Larson, Space Propulsion Analysis and Design,
The McGraw-Hill Publishing Companies, Inc., New York, 1995.
Jeffrey, A., Magnetohydrodynamics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1966.
Samaras, D.G., Theory of Ion Flow Dynamics, Dover Publishers, Inc., New York, 1962
Sutton, G. and O. Biblarz, Rocket Propulsion Elements, 7th edition, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., New York, 2001.