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Middle East Cultures Study Guide
Within Ethnic Groups, what things
do people share?
Three main religions of the Middle
East.
General population of ethnic
groups: Which ethnic group has
the most people?
Majority religions of ethnic groups
What are the differences
between the three faiths?
The holy books of the 3 major
faiths
The place of worship of the 3
major faiths
The names of the followers of
each religion
The troubles Jesus had with
Roman officials and Jewish
leaders
Why Christianity was accepted in
Rome
Culture, ancestors, and interests
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Arabs
Persians: Shia Muslim
Arabs: Sunni Muslim
Kurds: Sunni Muslim
Jews: Judaism
 Their names for god are different
 Their places of worship are
different
 Their founders are different
 They were started at different
times
 They have different beliefs
 Judaism: Torah
 Christianity: Holy Bible
 Islam: Qu’ran
 Judaism: Synagogue
 Christianity: Church
 Islam: Mosque
 Judaism: Jews
 Christianity: Christians
 Islam: Muslim
The Jews accused him of crimes against
their teaching; Romans saw him as a
threat
The Roman Emperor, Constantine
recognized that many Romans had become
Christians
What the three faith have in
common (the same)
The importance of the Ka’aba to
Muslims.
Why Islam spread so quickly after
the death of Muhammad
The Five Pillars of Faith and their
importance
The meaning of the term “People
of the Book”
Who were the “Four Rightly
Guided Caliphs?”
Why there was a split between
Muslims
Major ethnic groups
The holy site that is important to
all three major religions
 They are all monotheistic
 They all started in the Middle East
 They all have holy sites (places) in
Jerusalem
 They all are Abrahamic
 They have all divided into Sects
They believe it was originally built by
Abraham.
Because Muslim armies conquered empires
that had weakened over the years.
The five basic obligations that Muslims
are supposed to meet in their lives.
 Faith: there is only one god Allah
 Prayer: Pray 5 times a day facing
Mecca
 Fasting: during daylight hours during
Ramadan
 Giving: to the poor
 Hajj: journey to Mecca
Muslims call Jews and Christians “People
of the Book” because much of the Old and
New Testament is included in the Qu’ran.
They were the first four leaders of the
Muslims after Muhammad’s death. They
had been friends of Muhammad.
The disagreement over who should lead
Islam after Muhammad’s death: Shias
believed it should be a relative
Sunnis believed it should be someone from
the community
Saudi Arabia: Arabs
Iran: Persians
Iraq: Arabs and Kurds
Israel: Jews
Jerusalem
Theocracy
Polytheism
Monotheism
Kurds
Sect
Messiah
Muhammad
Allah
Armenian
Abraham
Trinity
Iman
Exodus
Government ruled by religious leaders
Belief in many gods
Belief in one God
A stateless nation
An ethnic group that share the Kurdish
language
Division or parts of a religion
Jesus, the savior believed by Christians,
but not by Jews
The founder of Islam
The Islam god
The people who were killed by the Turks
in the Armenian Genocide
The father of Judaism
God, The Father, Son and Holy Spirit
An Islamic religious leader
In the history of the Jewish people when
the Jews were freed from slavery in
Egypt and returned to the land of Cannan