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The Water Cycle http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/graphics/watercyclesummary.jpg What is the Water Cycle? Controls the distribution of Earth’s water Describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth Has no starting point Water is always changing states Parts of the Water Cycle Evaporation Infiltration Transpiration Surface Runoff Condensation Groundwater Precipitation Absorption Evaporation Change from liquid to gas (vapor) Includes vaporization from: Water surfaces Land surfaces Snow fields http://www.kidzone.ws/water/ Transpiration Water absorbed by plants is evaporated Water is absorbed through roots Evaporated from the plant surface (leaves) http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/pictures/wctranspiratio nleafsoil.jpg Condensation Change from gas to liquid Opposite of evaporation Example of condensation: Cold glass, hot day http://farm1.static.flickr.com/215/521585 824_54ed44d010_m.jpg Precipitation Any water falling to Earth’s surface Examples: Rain Snow Sleet Hail Dew Frost http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4079/4872194918_3a1de0ba90_m.jpg Infiltration Ground water soaking into the soil From the soil: Soaked up by roots Becomes ground water http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/pictures/wcinfiltration.jpg Surface Runoff Precipitation runoff over the landscape Occurs when: Water falling on ground > infiltration rate http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/pictures/wcrunoff.jpg Groundwater Water located below the ground’s surface Consider this: Digging in sand close to ocean Water that appears is groundwater http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/pictures/wcgwstoragebeachlores.jpg Absorption Roots removing water from soil Example: Sponge and water http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3542/3282843423_5ed72e45ac_m.jpg