Download ENERGY TRANSFER IN TEMPERATURE

ENERGY TRANSFER IN
TEMPERATURE
INSTRUCTED BY MS SORN
AGENDA
 DO NOW (ACCESSING PRIOR
KNOWLEDGE)
 DO NOW PT. II
 RECAP OF COMPREHENSION CHECK
 NOTEBOOK FORMAT
 LESSON
 MINI ACTIVITY
 COMPREHENSION CHECK
DO NOW – TUESDAY, 3/28
Question: What is the general definition
of energy?
Answer: The ability to do work or cause
change.
TODAY’S HOMEWORK
• ASSIGNED READING: ENERGY
TRANSFER IN TEMPERATURE (DO
PG. 4)
LEARNING TARGET
OBJECTIVES
Be able to define and thoroughly explain
conservation of energy and energy transfer:
The amount of energy transfer needed to
change the temperature of a matter sample by
a given amount depends on the nature of the
matter, the size of the sample, and the
environment.
WHAT IS ENERGY?
• By definition, energy is : the ability to do
work or cause change.
• a fundamental entity of nature that is transferred
between parts of a system in the production of
physical change within the system and usually
regarded as the capacity for doing work
• usable power (as heat or electricity); also : the
resources for producing such power
WHAT IS THERMAL ENERGY?
• By definition, thermal energy is the
average kinetic energy of the atoms
and molecules of a substance.
WHAT IS KINETIC ENERGY?
•energy associated with motion
THERMAL ENERGY
• A difference in temperature between two
locations will cause a flow of heat along a
(thermally) conducting path between those two
locations. Heat will flow from a hotter object to a
cooler object.
ENERGY TRANSFER IN TEMPERATURE
Figure 1. Thermal Energy Flow
WHAT IS MATTER?
• a : the substance of which a physical object is
composed
• b : material substance that occupies space, has
mass, and is composed predominantly of atoms
consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons, that
constitutes the observable universe, and that is
interconvertible with energy
WHAT IS AN ATOM?
•: the smallest particle of an
element that can exist either
alone or in combination
AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY
CELSIUS VS. FAHRENHEIT
• Although the SI unit for
temperature is the Kelvin (K),
laboratory thermometers generally
use the Celsius scale to measure
temperature.
TRANSFER OF THERMAL ENERGY
• Heat transfer occurs when two objects or systems are at
different temperatures.
• Energy moves from objects with the higher temperature
and into objects with the lower temperature.
3 FORMS OF HEAT TRANSFER
Figure 2. Model of Heat Transfer
CONDUCTION
Conduction is the transfer of heat within solids or when solids are in contact
with each other, such as the heating element on a stove that is warming the metal
pot above.
CONVECTION
Convection is the transfer of heat by the flow of liquid or gas, such as warm
ocean currents moving toward cooler ocean currents or when warm air masses
move into areas of cooler air masses.
RADIATION
Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. When matter
absorbs light or infrared radiation, the energy of that radiation is transformed
into thermal motion of particles
FACTORS AFFECTING THERMAL
ENERGY TRANSFER
• The type of matter
involved affects the
transfer of thermal
energy. Different
objects have
different thermal
properties.
FACTORS AFFECTING THERMAL
ENERGY TRANSFER
• These factors include:
• 1) Whether the object is an insulator or
conductor
• 2) The amount of matter
• 3) The surrounding temperature
FACTORS INFLUENCING THERMAL TRANSFER:
INSULATORS VS. CONDUCTORS
• Insulators: Objects that do
not easily transfer thermal
energy are called insulators.
• Conductors: Alternatively,
objects that can transfer
thermal energy easily are
called conductors.
Wood
Thick paper
Metal
Water
INSULATORS VS. CONDUCTORS
Figure 3. Insulators
Figure 4. Conductors
FACTORS INFLUENCING THERMAL
TRANSFER: AMOUNT OF MATTER
• The amount of matter:
The transfer of thermal energy is also
affected by the amount of matter
involved.
WHAT IS MATTER?
• a : the substance of which a physical object is
composed
• b : material substance that occupies space, has
mass, and is composed predominantly of atoms
consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons, that
constitutes the observable universe, and that is
interconvertible with energy
AMOUNT OF MATTER
Figure 5. Transfer of Thermal Energy
FACTORS INFLUENCING THERMAL
TRANSFER: SURROUNDING TEMPERATURE
• Surrounding temperature:
The environment also affects the transfer of thermal
energy between objects. Thermal energy transfers
from hotter objects to cooler objects. The
temperature of the surrounding environment can
affect the transfer of energy.
TRANSFER OF THERMAL ENERGY
Figure 6. Transfer of Thermal Energy