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Fundamental Skills Core Principles Communication Patient Safety Moving and Handling Risk Assessment Infection Control Video Link www.reach4resource.co.uk • Introduction • General Preparation • Z track Technique • Deltoid Site • Dorsogluteal Site • Ventrogluteal Site • Vastus Lateralis • Conclusion Preparation of Patient Assess the patient Promote comfort and relaxation Explain reason for injection Describe procedure Check if any allergies / history of anaphylaxis Invite questions Preparation of Patient Check prescription: RIGHT patient, RIGHT drug, RIGHT time, RIGHT route, RIGHT dose and doctor’s signature Correct positioning of the patient Avoid over exposure of patient SC Injection Technique Maximum volume (0.5 – 2ml) Aseptic procedure Skin preparation (local policy) Pinch up skin to isolate fat from muscle Insert needle at 45˚ or 90˚ angle Inject slowly at a rate of 1ml per 10sec Withdraw needle smoothly Document the procedure according to NMC and local policy Tissue Layer penetration Subcutaneous Injection Subcutaneous injection sites Pinch – Up Technique for SC injections Safe Disposal of Sharps Immediately after use Never resheath or bend used needles If possible, dispose of needle and syringe as single unit Don’t overfill sharps boxes Report any accidents / incidents in accordance with local policy Safety Skin Cuts and abrasions in any area of exposed skin should be covered Gloves Well fitting clean gloves must be worn during procedures where there may be contamination of hands by blood/body fluids Hand washing The use of gloves does not preclude the need for thorough hand washing Aprons Where there is a possibility of blood spillage Eye protection where there is a danger of flying blood splashes Sharps container Needles are not to be resheathed prior to disposal into an approved sharps bin References Cocoman, A. Murray, J. (2008) Intramuscular injections: a review of best practice for mental health nurses. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 15, 424-434. Cocoman, A. Murray, J. (2010) Recognizing the evidence and changing practice on injection sites. British Journal of Nursing, Vol 19, No 18, 1170-1174. Gittens, G. (2009) Skin disinfection and its efficacy before administering injections. Nursing Standard, Vol 23, No 39, 42-44. References Malkin, B. (2008) Are techniques used for intramuscular injection based on research evidence? Nursing Times, 104: 50/51, 48-51. WHO, (2010) WHO best practices for injections and related procedures toolkit. Geneva, WHO.