Download Classification

Classification
Do Now

How would you organize the following
words?

Steak, football, sausage, chair, table,
bacon, sofa, baseball bat, cleats, ham,
bookcase
Think – Pair - Share

1. Why do scientists organize or classify
living things?

2. What other systems of classification do
you see in daily life?
Turn to a different partner!

Try to classify the following into groups. Make a
title to each group!
Violet
Onion
Honeysuckle
Dolphin
Cat
Bat
Rosemary
Oak
Sea Bass
Bear
Crow
Apple
Blackberry
Bush
Eel
Wolf
Owl
Add in the following animals
Bacteria
Grass
Octopus
Amoeba
Ring Worm
(fungi)
Cactus
Does it change your classification at all?
Chapter 17.1 Taxonomy

Linnaeus’s system of classification was
the first formal system of taxonomy.


Taxonomy - the science of classification of
organisms
Taxon - a grouping in the classification system
Binomial Nomenclature

Linnaeus’s method of naming organisms,
called binomial nomenclature, gives each
species a scientific name with two parts.

The first part is the genus name, and the
second part is the specific epithet, or
specific name, that identifies the species.
Why do we need scientific names?
What is the scientific name for humans?
 Homo sapiens

What is the scientific name for cats?
 Felis catus


What do you notice about how I write
those names?
Writing Scientific Names




The first letter of the genus name always
is capitalized
If a scientific name is written in a printed
book or magazine, it should be italicized.
When a scientific name is written by hand,
both parts of the name should be
underlined.
After the scientific name has been written
completely, the genus name will be
abbreviated to the first letter in later
appearances (e.g., C. cardinalis).
How would you write the following
names?

Species: auratus Genus: carassius
Do Now – write the scientific name
for the giraffe.
COMMON NAME: giraffe
 KINGDOM: Animalia
 PHYLUM: Chordata
 CLASS: Mammalia
 ORDER: Artiodactyla
 FAMILY: Giraffidae
 GENUS giraffa (one who walks swiftly)
 SPECIES: camelopardalis (camel marked
like a leopard)

Determining Relationships
Originally, Classification was based on
similarities between organisms
 Now, we classify organisms based on
evolutionary relationships

Classification of Living Things
Taxonomic Categories

Each category is contained within another,
and they are arranged from broadest to
most specific.
SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
COMMON NAME: giraffe
 KINGDOM: Animalia
 PHYLUM: Chordata
 CLASS: Mammalia
 ORDER: Artiodactyla
 FAMILY: Giraffidae
 GENUS SPECIES: Giraffa (one who walks
swiftly) camelopardalis (camel marked like
a leopard)

Do Now

Place the following in order of most
specific to least:








Phylum
Order
Species
Kingdom
Genus
Family
Domain
Class
3 Domains System

Archaea - Prokaryotes, extremophiles
(live in extreme environments), no
oxygen!

Bacteria – Prokaryotes, very diverse, cell
walls made of peptidoglycan.

Eukarya – Eukaryotes (4 Kingdoms)
Organizing Life’s Diversity
Kingdom Protista
 Protists are eukaryotic organisms that can be
unicellular, colonial,
or multicellular.
 Protists are
classified into three
different groups—
plantlike, animallike, and
funguslike.
Organizing Life’s Diversity
Kingdom Fungi
 A fungus is a unicellular or multicellular
eukaryote that
absorbs
nutrients from organic
materials in its
environment.
 Member of Kingdom
Fungi are
heterotrophic, lack motility, and have cell
walls.
Organizing Life’s Diversity
Kingdom Plantae
 Members of Kingdom Plantae form the base
of all terrestrial habitats.
 All plants are
multicellular and have
cell walls composed of
cellulose.
 Most plants are
autotrophs, but some are heterotrophic.
Organizing Life’s Diversity
Kingdom Animalia
 All animals are heterotrophic, multicellular
eukaryotes.
 Animal organs often are
organized into complex
organ systems.
 They live in the water,
on land, and in the air.
Organizing Life’s Diversity
Conclusion Activity
1. Which of these is the highest
level of
classification?
A. class
B. family
C. order
D. phylum
2. The five-kingdom
classification system had to
be changed to a three-domain,
six-kingdom
system because of the discovery
of _______.
3. Which kingdom contains
heterotrophic,
multicellular eukaryotes?
A. fungi
B. protists
C. archaebacteria
D. prokaryotes
A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Plantae
D. Protista
Conclusion Activity
1. Which pair of
organisms is more
closely
related?
1. Quercus alba
2. Cornus alba
3. Quercus rubra
2. Why aren’t
mushrooms classified as
plants?
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 3
D. Can’t determine
A. They are heterotrophs.
B. They don’t have cell walls.
C. They don’t absorb nutrients
from their environment.
D. They lack motility—the
ability to move.