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SESSION 4 Impact of refugee trauma on children and young people Understanding refugee students’ reaction to the refugee experience As well as the experiences common to us all, refugees also react to their pre-arrival experience. All these conditions can affect their behaviour as students. These are normal reactions to abnormal situations. Working with refugee students who have experienced trauma •Don’t underestimate their strength •They are resilient, but in need of support •Recognise the importance of school in providing support Some of the indicators of refugee trauma are: Thinking a lot about experiences of violence Feeling ill and having unexplained pain Difficulty sleeping Lack of concentration and interest Shattered assumptions about human existence Helplessness and loss of control Irritability and aggression Some of the indicators of refugee trauma are: Lack of confidence and trust, especially with authority figures Problems with attachment and bonding Anxiety – feeling afraid Depression – feeling sad Survivor guilt Heightened sense of responsibility Difficulty having ‘fun’ Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in preschool-age children Anxious attachment Regression Thematic play Traumatic dreams and nightmares Obsessive telling of story Withdrawn Mutism Illness or tiredness Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in school-aged children Elaborate re-enactments of trauma Moodiness Aggressive and bossy behaviour Decline in school or work tasks Perfectionism in tasks and performance Continual and/or obsessive talking Psychosomatic complaints Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in adolescents withdrawn compliance anger and rebellion acting out behaviours disobeying rules drug taking inappropriate sexual activity vandalism extremes in risk taking behaviour pre-occupation with self Supporting refugee students and their families Key Points to remember: •The importance of family well-being •Supporting parents and families •The importance of school