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让更多的孩子得到更好的教育
英语：Module1《Europe》TASK教案（1）（外研版必修3）
Period 7 TASK—Preparing a fact file on a region of China
■Goals
● To learn to make a file
■Procedures
Step 1: Surfing the Internet for related information
Step 2: Making a poster display of your fact file
Shanxi
Shanxi is a northern province of the People's Republic of China. Its one-character abbreviation is
Jin (晋), after the state of Jin that existed here during the Spring and Autumn Period.
Shanxi has an area of 150,000 km² and a population of 32.97 million.
Shanxi's name literally means "mountains' west", which refers to the province's location west of
the Taihang Mountains.
Shanxi borders Hebei to the east, Henan to the south, Shaanxi to the west, and Inner Mongolia to
the north. The capital of Shanxi is Taiyuan.
History
Shanxi was the location of the powerful state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period (722 BC
- 403 BC), which underwent a three-way split into the states of Han, Zhao and Wei in 403 BC, the
traditional date taken as the start of the Warring States Period (403 BC - 221 BC). By 221 BC all
of these states had fallen to the state of Qin, which established the Qin Dynasty (221 BC - 206
地址：北京市西城区新德街 20 号 4 层 电话：010-82025511 传真：010-82079687
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BC).
The Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) ruled Shanxi as the province (zhou) of Bingzhou (并州
Bìng Zhōu). During the barbarian invasions of the Sixteen Kingdoms period (304 - 439, Shanxi
was hotly disputed along with the rest of North China, and present-day Datong served for a time
as the capital of the Northern Wei (386 - 534), a Xianbei kingdom that went on to rule nearly all of
North China.
During the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907) and after, the area was called Hédōng (河東), or "east of the
(Yellow) river". During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907 - 960) Shanxi came
under the Northern Han, the only one of the ten kingdoms in North China. Shanxi was formally
established with its present name and approximate borders by the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644).
For centuries Shanxi was a center of trade and banking, and the term "Shanxi merchant" (晋商)
was once synonymous with wealth; the well-preserved city of Pingyao, in Shanxi, also shows
many signs of its former dominance as a center of trade and banking. In modern times, however,
Shanxi has fared far less well. Today it depends on coal and is one of the poorer provinces (by
both GDP and GDP per capita) of China.
Geography
Shanxi is located on a plateau, which is in turn made up of higher ground to the east (Taihang
mountains) and the west (Lüliang mountains), and a series of valleys in the center through which
the Fen River flows. The highest peak is Mount Wutai (Wutai Shan) at an altitude of 3058 m. The
Fen and Qin rivers, tributaries of Huang He (or the Yellow River), drain much of the province; the
north is drained by tributaries of the Hai River, such as Sanggan and Hutuo rivers.
Shanxi has a continental monsoon climate, and is rather arid. Annual precipitation averages around
350-700 mm. There is very little precipitation in winter and spring.
Economy
Shanxi depends mostly on agriculture, mainly the cultivation of wheat, but also corn and sorghum.
Shanxi is very rich in natural resources, including coal and bauxite. Shanxi has, in fact, one third
of China's coal, and this has made Shanxi a leading producer of coal within China.
Industry in Shanxi is mostly centered on coal, power generation, metal refining, and other heavy
industries.
地址：北京市西城区新德街 20 号 4 层 电话：010-82025511 传真：010-82079687
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In 2003, Shanxi had a gross domestic product of 245.7 billion RMB, and a per capita income of
7468 RMB. By market exchange rates, these convert to US$29.6 billion and US$990 respectively.
Demographics
The population is mostly Han Chinese with minorities of Hui Chinese, Mongols, and Manchus.
Culture
People in most regions of Shanxi speak dialects of Jin, a subdivision of Chinese. People in the
southwest speak dialects of Mandarin. (Jin is sometimes classified as a subdivision of Mandarin.
For more information, see Chinese spoken language.)
Vinegar is a very important part of Shanxi cuisine.
Popular forms of traditional entertainment include Shanxi Opera (Jinju), Puju, Beilu Bangzi,
Shangdang Bangzi and Shanxi Yangge.
Tourism
In addition to the major cities there are also the following sights:
Ancient City of Pingyao is a town and a World Heritage Site near Taiyuan noted for its
preservation of many features of northern Han Chinese culture, architecture, and way of life
during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yungang Grottoes, a World Heritage Site in Datong consist of 252 caves noted for their collection
of 5th and 6th century Buddhist cave art.
Mount Wutai (Wutai Shan) is the highest point in the province. It is known as the residence of the
bodhisattva Manjusri, and as a result is also a major Buddhist pilgrimage destination, with many
temples and natural sights.
Mount Hengshan (Heng Shan), in Hunyuan County, is one of the Wu Yue (Five Great Peaks) of
China, and is also a major Taoist site.
Dazhai is a village in Xiyang County. Situated in hilly, difficult terrain, it was a holy site during
the Cultural Revolution, when it was set out to the entire nation as exemplary of the hardiness of
the proletariat, especially peasants.
地址：北京市西城区新德街 20 号 4 层 电话：010-82025511 传真：010-82079687
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地址：北京市西城区新德街 20 号 4 层 电话：010-82025511 传真：010-82079687
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