Download B3 Revision Trade questions: In and out of cells

B3 Revision Trade questions: In and out of cells
Which process involves the
movement of particles from a
high concentration to a low
concentration?
Diffusion
Which term is used to describe a
cell membrane which allows some
molecules to pass but not others?
Partially permeable
Why do plant cells not burst if
too much water enters them?
Cell wall gives support
What is lost in sweat and
replaced by drinking a sports
drink?
Water + ions
Give two differences between osmosis and
active transport.
Osmosis = water moves with concentration
gradient; active transport moves substances
against conc’ gradient.
Osmosis = no energy; active transport uses
energy (ATP)
How does ventilation make gas
exchange efficient?
Maintains concentration
gradient, for rapid diffusion of
O2 + CO2
How is the small intestine
adapted for exchange?
Villi (+ microvilli) = large SA.
Many capillaries absorb
sugars/amino acids rapidly.
By which process do water
molecules enter and leave cells
through a partially permeable
membrane?
osmosis
What will happen to a cell which is
placed in a solution which is more
dilute than the contents of the cell?
Waters enters so cell will
expand/burst/(get turgid)
What will happen to a cell which is
placed in a solution which is more
concentrated than the contents of the
cell?
Waters leaves cell, so it will shrink
Apart from water + ions what
else is found in most sports
drinks? Explain its role.
Sugar/glucose – replaces lost
energy
Why are alveoli and other
exchange surfaces thin?
Shorter diffusion path = faster
Give 3 ways in which the lungs are adapted.
1.Many alveoli = large SA
2.Thin = short diffusion path
3.Many capillaries = maintain diffusion
gradient
By which processes do the
products of digestion become
absorbed in the small intestine?
Diffusion + active transport
In which part of the body
(starting with “T”) are the lungs
located?
thorax
Which process allows cells to
absorb ions from very dilute
solutions?
Active transport
Which muscles contract to move
the ribcage up and outwards
during inhalation?
Intercostal muscles
Which gas needed for
photosynthesis diffuses into a
leaf?
During exhalation, what happens
to the ribcage and diaphragm?
Ribcage (down + inwards)
Diaphragm (relaxes, moving up
(dome-shape)
How does the pressure inside the thorax
decrease to allow inhalation?
Diaphragm contracts (flattens)
Ribcage (up + out)
Both increase the volume, (lowering the
pressure)
Which term is used to describe
the movement of air in and out of
the lungs?
ventilation
What are the tiny holes on the
underside of a leaf?
stomata
Carbon dioxide
Where do water and mineral ions
enter a plant?
How are plant roots adapted for
absorption?
Roots/root hair cells
Many root hair cells = big SA
How is the shape of a leaf
adapted for gas exchange?
Describe the direction of diffusion of
gases through stomata in the day.
CO2 diffuses into leaf
O2 diffuses out of leaf
1.Thin + flat = large SA, short
diffusion path
2.Spongy mesophyll air spaces =
large SA
How does wilting help a plant?
Reduces SA of leaf exposed to
sun/wind, slowing water
loss/transpiration
What controls the size of
stomata?
Guard cells
When and why do plants close
stomata?
Night + when water loss is high
Reduces transpiration/
evaporation of water
Describe the environmental
conditions most likely to make a
plant wilt.
Hot, windy, dry (low humidity)