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10.22 Handbook for Finding Sentence Patterns
There are 6 sentence patterns. The type of verb is IMPORTANT.
1. Subject-Verb (verb can AV or LV)
a. He ran in the hall. He is in the hall.
2. Subject-Action Verb-Direct Object
a. A direct object is a noun or pronoun, follows an AV, and answers who or
what. (Never in a prep ph)
S AV
DO
Ex: I bought a car.
3. Subject-Linking Verb-Predicate Adjective.
a. PrA is an adjective. Follows a LV. The adj modifies the subject. Never in a
prep ph.
S
LV
PrA
S LV PrA
S
LV PrA
Ex. The perfume smells good. The dog is sick. The weather seems cool.
4. Subject-Linking Verb-Predicate Nominative (noun)
a. PrN is a noun or pronoun. Follows a LV. The Noun(pron) renames the
subject. Not in a prep ph.
S
LV
PrN
S
LV
PrN
Ex. Dr. Frederick became a teacher. The mailman is also a preacher.
The PrA and PrN are also called Subject Complements.
**** The linking verbs appear, feel, grow, look, remain, smell, sound, stay, taste, and
turn can be either action or linking depending on their use in the sentence. If you can
replace the verb with seem and not alter the meaning of your sentence, it’s a LV.
**** Seem and become (all forms) are always LV.
5. Subject-Action Verb-Indirect Object-Direct Object
a. An IO is a noun/pron. Follows an AV. It comes BEFORE a direct object. Never
in a prep ph. Test sentence: subject-AV-DO-to who or for who?
Ex. I gave my class a new handout.
SAV---- - DO
to ___________ or for ______________.
I
Gave Handout to class Class is the IO.
Grandmother bought me a new car.
Grandmother
bought
car for ------Me. Me is the IO.
6. Subject-Action Verb-Direct Object-Objective Complement
a. OC is a noun/pron/adj that follows a DO. It kinda is to a DO what a PrN/PrA
is to a Subject. Not is a prep ph.
Ex. The class elected Kelly president of the Student Council.
The ride at the fair made Eugene sick.
Jarred painted his room green.
Test: Take the two words you think are DO OC and put is/are/was between
them and see if it makes a sentence. If it does, it’s an OC. (you will have to
change me, him, her, them to I, he, she and they when testing.
You have to be careful not to mix up IO-DO and DO-OC.