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HG U.S. History Vocabulary 2nd Nine Weeks October 17 agrarian – relating to rural matters ally – a friendly nation annex – attach to antebellum – belonging to a period before a war apropos – of an appropriate or pertinent nature arsenal – all the weapons and equipment that a country has assets – anything of material value owned by a person or country blockade – a war measure isolating an area of importance to the enemy cede – to give over chattel – personal as opposed to real property confiscate – take temporary possession of a security by legal authority corollary – an inference following from the proof of another proposition October 24 curtail – terminate or abbreviate before its intended or proper end deficit – the property of being less than expected or required defray - bear the expenses of deplete – use up, as resources or materials devastate – cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly diplomacy – negotiation between nations emancipation – freeing someone from the control of another embargo – a government order imposing a trade barrier enfranchisement – the act of certifying or granting the right to vow excise tax – a tax that is measured by the amount of business done garrison – a fortified military post where troops are stationed habeas corpus – a writ ordering a prisoner to be brought before a judge after arrest October 31 hedonistic – devoted to pleasure illegitimacy – unlawfulness by virtue of not being authorized by or in accordance with the law impress – force to serve in a enemy military, especially a navy malinger – avoid responsibilities and duties manifest destiny – a policy of imperialism rationalized as inevitable manumit – free from slavery or servitude nullification – counteracting or overriding the effect or force of a law nullify – declare invalid palisade – a strong fence made of stakes driven into the ground piedmont – a gentle slope leading from the base of a mountain to a region of flat land poll tax – a tax or fixed amount per person and payable as a requirement of the right to vote privateer – a privately owned warship commissioned to prey on the commercial shipping or warships of an enemy nation November 7 reprisal – a retaliatory action against an enemy in war time secede – withdraw from an organization or polity sectionalism – excessive devotion to the interests of a particular region segregation – the act of keeping apart self-determination – determination of one’s own fate or course of action sharecropper – a tenant farmer who owes a portion of each harvest for rent sod – surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots speculation – continuous contemplation on a subject of a deep nature spoils system – the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power squatter – someone who settles on land without right or title tidewater – low-lying coastal land drained by tidal streams urbanization – the social process whereby cities grow November 14 trace – track, follow, list in steps, follow history predict – guess what will happen illustrate – give examples formulate – construct, build, design, create evaluate – judge, opinion, rank, measure analyze – break it down/apart and study it explain – give reasons or details; tell me why context – discourse that surrounds and helps explain a word rhetorical – relating to using language effectively; not meant to be answered as in a rhetorical question perspective – a way of regarding situations or topics implicit – suggested though not directly expressed allude – make an indirect reference to November 28 cognizant – having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization grapple – come to terms with moratorium – suspension of an ongoing activity status quo – the existing state of affairs harried – troubled persistently, esp. with petty annoyances paradoxical – seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true relegate – assign to a lower position existential – relating to or dealing with the state of being rabid – marked by excessive enthusiasm for a cause or idea substantive – having a firm basis in reality and therefore important repudiate – reject as untrue, unfounded, or unjust complacent – contented to a fault with oneself or one’s actions December 5 latent – potentially existing but not presently evident or realized languish – lose vigor, health, or flesh, as through grief reiterate – to say, state, or perform again sanctimonious – excessively or hypocritically pious clarion – loud and clear scintillating – marked by high spirits or excitement usurpation – wrongfully seizing and holding by force perfidy – betrayal of a trust magnanimity – liberal in bestowing gifts consanguinity – related by blood effusion – flow under pressure propitiate – make peace with