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Advantages of Continuous Sterilization process over Batch Sterilization Better protection of medium value . Batch sterilization wastes energy and can overcook the medium Batch sterilization uses steam or direct heat to elevate the temperature. Both the heat and the cooling water are spent with no opportunity for energy recovery. temperature in batch sterilization can not increased beyond 121°c as if the temperature is increased, the heating & cooling period increases . hence during sterilization the nutrient media will be degraded . Continuous Sterilization is the method of choice . In Continuous Sterilization , the medium to be sterilized is dealt in small increments & hence there is shorter heating & cooling periods. much higher temperature can be utilized , thus reducing holding time therefore, in continuous sterilization nutrient degradation is subsequently less as compared to batch sterilization . This is more efficient than batch sterilization because instead of expending energy to heat, hold, and cool the entire system, small portions of the inlet streams are heated at a time Batch sterilization Continuous sterilization Time ( in min) Holding temp. ( in min) Shorter sterilization time means lesser thermal degradation of medium Continuous Sterilization: Most of the sterilization in the continuous sterilization process may occurs in the holding The holding section is a long pipe, λhold = L uav length of the pipe average fluid velocity in the pipe High steam utilization capacity. As compared to batch sterilization The heat can be fully utilized during sterilizing process and therefore, great amount of water and steam can be saved as well as energy consumption is decreased substantially. It can averagely save about 30% of steam and 40% of cooling water throughout the sterilization process if Continuous Sterilization Technology is applied. Easy Scaling-up of the process . On scaling up the fermentation it was very difficult to attain the correct sterilization conditions using the batch regime . Continuous sterilization using direct steam injection allowed the design of a precise process producing sterile medium with the required degree of interaction b/w the ingredients . The temperature profile of the medium allowing an easy estimate of the Del factor (∆) required. This makes scaleup very simple. Easier to automate the process The Continuous Sterilizer is not a pressure vessel and is easy to automate the whole process . hence improves the quality of sterilization & reduce labor intensive Reduces manpower, machinery replacement and maintenance Reduction of sterilization cycle time