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Three Worlds Meet
Europe, Africa, and the Americas
Early Native American Society
- Land Bridge
- Nomadic Lifestyle
Early Native American Society
Early Native American Society
- Agriculture develops
- Three Sister Farming
- Close relationship to the
land
- Communal ownership
Early Native American Society
- Belief in universal spirit
- Polytheistic
- Tribal communities
- Exception:
Iroquois
Confederation
- Men v. Women Roles
The City of Cahokia, with a population of more than 30,000, was the center of a
farming society that arose on the Mississippi bottomlands near present-day St.
Louis in the tenth century CE. The Cahokians built dozens of vast earthen
mound covering six square miles, evidence of their complex social organization.
SOURCE:Painting by Michael Hampshire.Community Life at Cahokia .Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site.
European Exploration
 The Portuguese were the leaders during the Age
of Exploration
 Better ships and advanced navigation
 In search of a sea route to Asia
 Access to trade = silk, gems, gold, spices, slaves
Explorers to the New World
-Renaissance Influence
-Exploration Begins
Portugal Has Success
Vasco Da Gama
Explorers to the New World
Columbus (Italian Explorer) in 1492
-Ferdinand and Isabella
- Destination: Indies
- Result: San Salvador
Columbus
1492: Spain supports Columbus’ voyage
across the Atlantic
Explored several Caribbean Islands and
called the native people Indians
Attempted to convert the Indians to
Christianity and also enslaved them
Explorers to the New World
Amerigo Vespucci
Vasco Balboa
Ferdinand Magellan
Conquistadors
- Spanish Explorers
- God, Gold, Glory
- Francisco Coronado
- Hernando de Soto
- Hernan Cortes
Impact of Contact
-Columbus’ impression
-Colonization by force
-Effects of disease
-Importation of Africans
-Treaty of Tordesillas
Divided all “heathen” lands
between Spain and Portugal
This woodcut, illustrating a 1505 German edition of Amerigo Vespucci's account of his
voyage to the New World in 1501-02, is the first image of American Indians published
in Europe. As arriving European vessels appear on the horizon, a group of befeathered
Indians engage in a cannibal feast. Three warriors with bows stand on the right, while
under the bower a couple kisses as they share the severed human limbs. In the center
a mother nurses a baby and tends children. The tender details underscore the horror
of the scene.
Bayerisches Staatsbibliothek,Munich
Colombian Exchange
- Transfer of goods
between societies
- Americas sent corn,
potatoes, squash,
tomatoes, peanuts,
tobacco
- Europe sent horses,
cows, pigs, and
technology
First European Settlements
-European Settlements
-Spanish-- St. Augustine,
Florida 1565
(SW, Florida, Texas)
-French– Canada, Mississippi
River
-Dutch—New York
-English—East Coast
Spanish Settlements
- Most Famous Settlements:
- New Mexico and Florida
- Common Characteristics:
- Convert Natives to Catholicism
- Racially and Ethnically Diverse
- Black Legend:
- Idea that the Conquistadors only
hurt Native Americans
Cruelties Used by the Spaniards on the Indians
The Cruelties Used by the Spaniards on the Indians, from a 1599 English edition
of The Destruction of the Indies by Bartolomé de las Casas. These scenes were
copied from a series of engravings produced by Theodore de Bry that
accompanied an earlier edition.
First English Attempt
at Colonization
Roanoke, NC (1585)
Sir Walter Raleigh
Lost Colony
John White
Virginia Dare
First English Attempt at
Colonization