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Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4. URBAN STANDARDS Urban Standards guide the use, placement, height, bulk, and massing for private development of blocks and lots. A set of standards are prepared for each building type. The building types for each development may include: I. Single family houses II. Twin houses III. Townhomes IV. Live-Work units V. Rowhouses VI. Mansion apartments VII. Apartment buildings VIII. Main Street mixed-use buildings IX. Commercial mixed-use buildings X. Parking buildings The architectural massing and proportion of each building type are illustrated. D:\582717772.doc TND ordinances provide detailed requirements for private buildings to ensure that traditional neighborhood qualities are achieved. Unlike standard zoning ordinances, TND ordinances rely more on building type than on land use to define a neighborhood or development. Uses can take many forms. Retail can include a drive through fast food store or a corner store. Building types can play a larger role in determining neighborhood form. The purpose of regulating building types is not to enforce a specific architectural style or aesthetic. The purpose, instead, is to influence the function of a neighborhood. A street lined with drive-through fast food restaurants and strip malls will have the same uses as a main street district, but will function very differently. Page 45 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 TABLE 5.4 Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V Type VI Type VII Type VIII Type IX Type X SF Detached Twin Home Town Home Live-Work Unit Rowhouse Mansion Apt. Apartment Bldg. Main St. Mix Use Comm. Mix Use Parking Bldg. Retail Office Residential 40’ Retail Recreation Office 40’-70’ 0’-6’ 0’-12’ 0’-12’ for corner lots 8’ NA NA Allowed Uses Residential Residential Residential Office Residential Residential Residential Residential Max. bldg. height Build-to line 30’ to eaveline 30’ to eaveline Small lot: 16’-24’ Med. lot:: 20’-26’ Large lot: 26’-34’ Small lot: 6’; Medium lot: 10’; large lot: 12’ Small lot: 16’-24’ Med. lot:: 20’-26’ Large lot: 26’-34’ Small lot: 6’; Medium lot: 10’; large lot: 12’ 30’ to eaveline 0’-12’ 30’ to eaveline 0’-12’ 35’ to eaveline 0’-12’ 35’ to eaveline 0’-12’ 35’-70’ to eaveline 0’-12’ Internal lot: 0’ Corner lot: 6’; 1st story 6’setback 6’-12’ NA 8’ 8’ NA Internal lot: 0’ Corner lot: 6’ 8’ 6’ Front encroachment Side encroachment Elevation Internal lot: 0’ Corner lot: 6’ 8’ 8’ 8’ 4’ 4’ 4’ NA NA NA NA 8’ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 18’-24’ above grade NA NA Rear encroachment Accessory bdgs.? Allowed Accessory Uses Rear yard 18’-24’ above grade NA 8’ for corner lots NA 8’ NA NA NA NA Yes 700 sf max. Residential/ Office Yes 700 sf max. Residential/ Office Yes 650 sf’ max. Residential/ Office Yes 700 sf max. Residential No Yes 700 sf max. Residential/ Office No No NO No NA NA NA NA 16’ unless front loaded Yes, 2’ side setback min. 16’ unless front loaded Yes, 2’ side setback min. NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Yes , 2’ side setback min. No No No NA 6’ Yes, 2’ side setback for corner unit 6’ Yes, under living unit. 6’ Yes, 2’ side setback for corner unit 6’ NA 6’ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA* NA* NA Underground or surface. 1 space/unit inc. onstreet* Underground or surface. 1 space/unit inc. onstreet* Underground or surface. 1 space/unit or /1000 sf inc. on-street Underground or surface. 1 space/1000 sf inc. onstreet NA Side setback Garage Garage rear setback Parking 8’ NA NA = No standard applied. * occupancy of accessory units shall not require off-street parking. D:\582717772.doc Page 46 Parking Commercial As per zoning 0’-6’ NA NA Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.1 TYPE I Single Family Detached 2 Small, Medium and Large Lot 3 Use and Height 1. 1 2. 3. Uses of building should be as shown here. Maximum height of building shall be two and one-half stories or 30 feet to eaveline. A residential or office use, by owner or occupant only, not to exceed 700 square feet is permitted as an accessory use above a detached garage. Placement and Encroachments 4. 6 5 8 7 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line per table below. Side yard per table below. Rear yard shall be 16 feet unless unit is front loaded. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed within the encroachment area shown here. Corner lots shall include an additional 6 feet to the sideyard requirement. Garage and Parking 11 13 10. Garage structure may be located in area shown here up to 50 percent of the total lot area as measured from the rear lot line. Detached garages shall allow a minimum separation of 15 feet between the garage and the house. 11. Side setback for garage structure shall be at least 2 feet. 12. Maximum garage footprint shall be 25 percent of buildable garage area. 13. Minimum rear setback is 6 feet from lot line. Surface parking shall be limited to 16 feet from the rear property line. 14. If unit is front loaded, the garage structure is allowed to be within 2 feet from the rear property line. 10 Lot Size Table Small Lot (40’-52’) Medium Lot (54’-66’) Large Lot (68’ +) Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc Side Yard Front Build-To Line Side Encroach -ment Depth Front Encroach -ment Depth 6’5’ 16’ – 24’ 4’ 8’ 10’5’ 20’ – 28’ 4’ 8’ 12’5’ 26’ – 34’ 4’ 8’ TND-R Page 47 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.2 TYPE II Single Family Twin House Small, Medium and Large Lot 2 Use and Height 1 3 1. 2. 3. Placement and Encroachments 6 4. 5 7 8 Uses of building should be as shown here. Maximum height of building shall be two and one-half stories or 30 feet to eaveline. A residential or office use, by owner or occupant only, not to exceed 700 square feet per lot is permitted as an accessory use above a detached garage. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line per table below. Side yard per table below. Rear yard shall be 16 feet unless unit is front loaded. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed within the encroachment area shown here. Corner lots shall include an additional 6 feet to the sideyard requirement. Garage and Parking 11 10 13 10. Garage structure may be located in area shown here up to 50 percent of the total lot area as measured from the rear lot line. 11. Side setback for garage structure shall be at least 2 feet unless attached to adjacent garage structure. 12. Maximum garage footprint shall be 25 percent of buildable garage area. 13. Minimum rear setback is 6 feet from lot line. Surface parking shall be limited to 16 feet from the rear property line. 14. If unit is front loaded, the garage structure is allowed to be within 2 feet from the rear property line. Lot Size Table Small Lot (40’-52’) Medium Lot (54’-66’) Large Lot (68’ +) Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc Side Yard Front Build-To Line Side Encroach -ment Depth Front Encroach -ment Depth 6’ 16’ – 24’ 4’ 8’ 10’ 20’ – 28’ 4’ 8’ 26’ – 34’ 4’ 8’ 12’ TND-R Page 48 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 2 5.4.3 TYPE III Townhouse 4, 14 1 Use and Height 1. 2. 3. 4. Uses of building should be as shown here. Maximum height of building shall be two and one-half stories or 30 feet to eaveline.. The building should have a first floor elevation from 18” to 24” above grade level. A residential or office use, by owner or occupant only, not to exceed 650 square feet is permitted as an accessory use above a detached garage. 7 Placement and Encroachments 6 5. 8 5 8 6. 7. 8. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line shall be located 0 to 12 feet from the front property line. Side yard setback of corner lot shall be 6 feet. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed to 8 feet within the encroachment area shown here but no encroachments shall be allowed beyond the property line. Garage and Parking 9. 10 9 12 10. 11. 12. 13. Garage structure may be located in area shown here up to 50 percent of the total lot area as measured from the rear lot line. Side setback for garage structure shall be at least 2 feet unless attached to adjacent garage structure. Maximum garage footprint shall be 50 percent of buildable garage area. Minimum rear setback is 6 feet from lot line. Surface parking shall be limited to 16 feet from the rear property line. Occupancy of accessory unit shall not require off-street parking. Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc TND-R TND-MS Page 49 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.4 TYPE IV Live-Work Unit Use and Height 1. 2. 3. Uses of building should be as shown here. Commercial office use may occupy entire first floor. Maximum height of building shall be two and one-half stories or 30 feet to eaveline. A residential or office use, by owner or occupant only, not to exceed 700 square feet is permitted as an accessory use above a detached garage. Placement and Encroachments 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line shall be located 0 to 12 feet from the front property line. Front setback for the first story shall be 0 to 6 feet. Side yard setback of corner lot shall be 6 feet. A group of attached townhouses shall consist of not more than four units. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed to 8 feet within the encroachment area shown here. Garage and Parking 10. Garage structure may be located in area shown here up to 50 percent of the total lot area as measured from the rear lot line. 11. Side setback for garage structure shall be at least 2 feet unless attached to adjacent garage structure. 12. Maximum garage footprint shall be 25 percent of buildable garage area. 13. Minimum rear setback is 6 feet from lot line. Surface parking shall be limited to 16 feet from the rear property line. 14. Occupancy of accessory unit shall not require off-street parking. Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc TND-MS Page 50 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.5 TYPE V Rowhouse Use and Height 1. 2. 3. Uses of building should be as shown here. Maximum height of building shall be three and one-half stories or 35 feet to eaveline. The building should have a first floor elevation from 18” to 24” above grade level. Placement and Encroachments 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line shall be located 0 to 12 feet from the front property line. Side yard setback of corner lot shall be 6 feet. A group of attached townhouses shall consist of not more than six units. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed to 8 feet within the encroachment area shown here. Garage and Parking 9. Garage parking shall be located under the living unit and/or may be located in the area shown here. The maximum lot depth shall be ____. 10. Surface parking may be provided in the area shown here. Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc TND-R TND-MS Page 51 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 3 5.4.6 TYPE VI Mansion Apartment 1 4, 14 Use and Height 1. 2. 3. 4. Placement and Encroachments 7 5. 6 6. 5 7. 8 Uses of building should be as shown here. A maximum of 6 dwelling units per lot acre shall be permitted, including an accessory unit. Maximum height of building shall be three stories or 35 feet to eaveline. A residential or office use, by owner or occupant only, not to exceed 700 square feet is permitted as an accessory use above a detached garage. 8 8. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to line shall be located 0 26 to 12 34 feet from the front property line. Side yard setback shall be 6 5 feet. Side encroachment depth shall be 4 feet. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed to 8 feet within the encroachment area shown here. Garage and Parking 9. 10. 10 11. 11 12. 9 13. 14. Garage structure may be located in area shown here up to 50 percent of the total lot area as measured from the rear lot line. Side setback for garage structures shall be at least 2 feet. Minimum rear setback is 6 feet from lot line. Surface parking shall be limited to 16 feet from the rear property line. If unit is front loaded, the garage structures are allowed to within 2 feet from the rear property line. One parking space per unit shall be provided. On-street parking in front of lot may count towards parking requirement. Occupancy of accessory unit shall not require off-street parking. Lot Size 68 feet or greater width. Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc TND-R Page 52 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.7 TYPE VII Apartment Building 2 Use and Height 1 1. 2. Uses of building should be as shown here. Shared assembly spaces and building management offices shall be permitted on the first story only. Maximum height of building shall be three stories or 35 feet to eaveline in TND-R and TND-MS, and five stories or 70 feet to eaveline in TND-E. Placement and Encroachments 3. 5 4. 6 5. 3 6. 4 Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Build-to lines shall be located 0 to 12 feet from the property lines and side yard setbacks shall be located 6 to 12 feet from the property lines as shown here. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed to 8 feet within the encroachment area shown here. A 6 foot building set back from the rear lane is required. Garage and Parking 7. 8. 9. 8 Underground parking shall be permitted under the buildable floorplate. Surface parking shall be permitted at the rear of the lot as shown here, up to 50 percent of the total lot as measured from the rear lot line. One parking spaces per unit bedroom shall be provided. On-street parking in front of lot may count towards parking requirement. Allowed in: D:\582717772.doc TND-R (conditional) TND-MS TND-E (conditional) Page 53 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.8 TYPE VIII Main Street/Mixed Use 2 Use and Height 1 1. 2. 3. Uses of building should be as shown here. The only permitted use above the first floor shall be residential. Maximum height of building shall be three stories or 40 feet to eaveline. A minimum of 50% of a storefront façade should be a window surface. Placement and Encroachments 4. 5 5. 3 6. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Build-to lines and side yard setbacks shall be located 0 to 6 feet from the property lines as shown here. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed within the 4-feet encroachment area shown here. There is more parking space area than building footprint area. The min. width of an efficient underground parking structure is 120’ and 5 X more expensive than surface. 4 Garage and Parking 7. 8. 9. 7 8 D:\582717772.doc Underground parking shall be permitted under the buildable floorplate. Surface parking shall be permitted at the rear of the lot as shown here, up to 50 percent of the total lot as measured from the rear lot line. One parking space per unit, and 3 parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of commercial space shall be provided. On-street parking in front of lot may count towards parking requirement. Allowed in: TND-MS (conditional) TND-E Page 54 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.9 TYPE IX Commercial/Mixed Use 2 Use and Height 1 1. 2. 3. Uses of building should be as shown here. The only permitted use above the first floor shall be office. Maximum height of building shall be three stories or 40 feet to eaveline in TND-MS, and five stories or 70 feet to eaveline in TND-E.. A minimum of 50% of a storefront façade should be a window surface. Placement and Encroachments 4. 5. 6 6. 4 Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Build-to lines and side yard setbacks shall be located 0 to 12 feet from the property lines as shown here. Balconies, porches, stoops, window and similar projections shall be allowed within the 8-feet encroachment area shown here. 5 Garage and Parking 7. 8. 9. 7 D:\582717772.doc Underground parking shall be permitted under the buildable floorplate. Surface parking shall be permitted at the rear of the lot as shown here, up to 50 percent of the total lot as measured from the rear lot line. 3 parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of commercial space shall be provided. On-street parking spaces in front of the lot may count towards parking requirement. Allowed in: TND-MS TND-E Page 55 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.4.10 TYPE X Parking Building 2 Use and Height 1. 1 2. Uses of building should be as shown here. Commercial uses shall be permitted encouraged on the first floor whenever possible up to a depth of 60 feet. The remainder of the building shall consist of parking and related uses. Maximum building height should be consistent with the zoning district. Placement and Encroachments 3. 4 4. 5. Buildings should be set in buildable area as shown here. Front build-to lines shall be located 0 to 6 feet from the property lines as shown here. Storefront windows and ventilation screening patterns shall complement the door and window openings of neighboring building facades. 3 6 Permitted Commercial Space 6. 7. 8. 9. A maximum of 60 feet from the building’s façade may be dedicated to commercial uses. Permitted uses should be chosen from those permitted in the zoning district. Commercial floorspace may be aggregated along the building façade. A minimum of 50% of a storefront façade should be a window surface. Allowed in: TND-MS TND-E 7 D:\582717772.doc Page 56 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.5. CIVIC BUILDING AND OPEN SPACE STANDARDS 5.5.1. General A. Civic spaces are designated on the Regulating Plan. B. Civic building sites are designated on the Regulating Plan and are not required to be placed within a designated civic space. C. Parking location for civic buildings is designated on the Regulating Plan and approved in consideration of impact on surrounding uses and needs for accessibility and visual buffering. This section details requirements to ensure that civic buildings and open spaces are compatible and compliment neighborhood designs. I think it is quite confusing to mix all open/park spaces as civic space and still consider civic buildings and uses under the same heading. D. Thoroughfares adjacent to civic spaces or civic buildings conform to the standards of the underlying districts. Thoroughfares within a civic space are designed integrally with the civic space. E. Civic spaces should preserve significant natural features such as tree stands, historical sites, ponds, and geologic attractions, within all districts. F. For purposes of design, open space requirements shall be: G. Civic spaces of one acre or greater will be dedicated to public use and accepted by the [City/Village], and will be maintained by the [City/Village] to a standard similar to other civic spaces maintained by them. Civic spaces approved at the time of rezoning count toward the requirements of [City/Village] Codes chapter _______. D:\582717772.doc Page 57 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.5.2. Mandatory Elements 1. The district contains civic spaces within one quarter mile of each housing unit. 2. Civic space types are designated on the Regulating Plan and conform with the standards specified in the Civic Space Types by Districts Table and the Civic Space Landscape Standards. 3. A majority of civic spaces and civic building space have a minimum of 50% of their perimeter frontage along a thoroughfare excluding alleys, lanes and paths. All civic spaces must have a public street frontage. Purpose: to ensure that civic spaces and buildings are integrated into the neighborhood design. Large parks can hinder walkability and connections when placed in other districts. 4. Civic spaces of three acres or more are located in the Neighborhood Edge area of Mixed Residential TND District only. 5. Civic spaces in the Mixed Residential TND District are not larger than three acres in size. Elementary and middle schools sites are not included. 6. On-site parking does not exceed the number of spaces required by this article minus the number of parking spaces that can reasonably be accommodated on-street adjacent to the civic building. 7. Each Residential TND District contains at least one civic open space designed and improved as a square, plaza, green, preserve, or park. A minimum of 10 percent and a maximum of 25 percent of developed area, net of public thoroughfare right of ways, shall be in open space. 8. Each Main Street TND District and Mixed Employment TND District contains at least one civic open space designed and improved as a plaza, square or green. A minimum of 5 percent and a maximum of 15 percent of developed area, net of public thoroughfare right of ways, shall be in civic open space. D:\582717772.doc Page 58 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 9. Land designated for neighborhood commercial uses, which include live-work, civic and commercial building types, chould be designated by lot/parcel on the Regulating Plan. These parcels shall be designated a TND-MS District if their combined land area exceeds 5 acres. 10. One civic space in each Mixed Residential TND District is furnished with play equipment for children according to Civic Space Improvement and Landscape Standards. Civic spaces in each district shall be attractively landscaped and furnished with benches and other ornamental structures. 11. All parking lots along frontages shall be buffered by a streetwall, and/or continuous hedges. 12. Parking lots for surface stalls shall be planted with indigenous shade trees at a minimum ratio of 1 tree per 10 parking spaces. Money spent beautifying interior parking lots could be better spent on streetscape improvements like upgraded lighting, awning, etc. Table 4: Permitted Civic Space Types by Districts Civic Space Types Mixed Residential (TND-R) Main Street (TND-MS) Mixed Employment (TND-E) Park * Green * * * Square * * * * * 1000 ft. 1000 ft. Plaza Maximum distance from each residential unit D:\582717772.doc 1400 ft. Page 59 Dane County Model TND Ordinance Park Square D:\582717772.doc DRAFT April, 2003 Green Plaza Page 60 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.6. ARCHITECTURAL STANDARDS 5.6.1. Purpose The purpose of architectural standards is to guide the desired character of individual buildings. Architectural standards are intended to: 1. Create harmony among buildings and the street designs 2. Promote durability of materials 3. Promote human scale design 4. [Other?] 5.6.2. Use and Enforcement Architectural standards are intended as guidelines that shape development. As guidelines, some discretion may be required for specific circumstances. A Design Commission will approve the architectural standard section of Development Plans. [Clear definition of enforcing bodies and enforcement mechanisms should be included if architectural mechanisms should be included in the text – BM] [NOTE: THE REMAINDER OF THIS SECTION IS WRITTEN AS A GUIDE, NOT AS MODEL ORDINANCE LANGUAGE]. This model ordinance does not include proposed language for architectural standards because they are usually fairly community-specific. Each community will likely want different standards that reinforce their unique history and character. Architectural standards are important to ensuring quality development. Standards can be applied to developments in a number of ways: A municipality can adopt standards or guidelines that apply to all new developments within TND zoned districts. When an entire neighborhood is developed and built out by a single developer/builder, that developer/builder may wish to apply their own standards to the development. The municipality will approve those standards as part of the Development Plan, but application of the standards would occur by the developer/builder with oversight by the municipality. The developer/builder may use a “Palette Book” that provides a range of building choices from which buyers can choose. A developer may adopt a set of building covenants that apply to all buildings within a development. Individual builders would be required to follow the standards set forth in the covenants. The developer and/or neighborhood association would review and approve all building requests in the development. An existing TND district also may be designated an historical district, or some other type of overlay district that regulates architectural design. In this case those architectural standards would apply to the TND. Architectural standards will typically address items such as: Types of materials Building elements such as windows, doors, roofs, dormers, chimneys, awnings, etc. Building features such horizontal lines that delineate floors, protrusions from buildings Compatibility, to ensure architectural compatibility between surrounding buildings. D:\582717772.doc Page 61 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 Standards may provide a palette of choices of architectural styles from which buyers may choose. D:\582717772.doc Page 62 Dane County Model TND Ordinance DRAFT April, 2003 5.7. LANDSCAPE STANDARDS 5.7.1. Purpose The purpose of landscape standards is to guide the desired character of active open space. Landscape standards are intended to: 1. Create attractive and useable active open spaces 2. Ensure active open spaces can be efficiently maintained 3. Provide a range of types of active open spaces 4. [Other?] 5.6.2. Use and Enforcement Landscape standards are intended as guidelines that shape development. As guidelines, some discretion may be required for specific circumstances. A Design Commission will approve the landscape standard section of Development Plans. [NOTE: THE REMAINDER OF THIS SECTION IS WRITTEN AS A GUIDE, NOT AS MODEL ORDINANCE LANGUAGE]. This model ordinance does not include proposed language for landscape standards because they are usually fairly community-specific. Each community will likely want different standards that reinforce their unique history and character. Landscape standards are important to ensuring quality development. Standards can be applied to developments in a number of ways: A municipality can adopt standards or guidelines that apply to all new developments within TND zoned districts. When an entire neighborhood is developed and built out by a single developer/builder, that developer/builder may wish to apply their own standards to the development. The municipality will approve those standards as part of the Development Plan, but application of the standards would occur by the developer/builder with oversight by the municipality. A developer may adopt a set of covenants that apply to all parcels within a development. Individual builders would be required to follow the standards set forth in the covenants. The developer and/or neighborhood association would review and approve all building requests in the development. An existing TND district also may be designated an historical district, or some other type of overlay district that regulates architectural design. In this case those architectural standards would apply to the TND. Landscape standards will typically address items such as: Allowable species of plants. Allowable types of landscape materials Design of sidewalks, paths, fences, planters Placement and arrangement of plants and landscape materials The standards will likely differ for each of the allowable types of active open space: parks, squares, and plazas. D:\582717772.doc Page 63