Download ethics and human conduct in the society introduction

NAME: NWAMAKA MARYJANE SOKEI
COLLEDGE: MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES
DEPARTMENT: MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE
CLASS: 100 LEVEL
SUBJECT: GST 113
ASSIGNMENT
1. Summarize chapter 19 of” ENGAGINGTHE FUTURE IN THE PRESENT
ISSUSES IN CULTURE AND PHILOSOPHY “
ANSWER
ETHICS AND HUMAN CONDUCT IN THE SOCIETY
INTRODUCTION
The conception of man as zoon politikon, which means political animal by
Aristole, in his famous book, politics is aimed on portraying human beings as
social beings. This portrayal suggests that no man is a Robinson Crusoe that is selfsufficient. Everyone needs others in the pursuit of social, political,spiritual and
economic goals, among others .
There should be a code of conduct that will guide everyone in relating with
others according to Thomas Hobe’s state of nature (war of all against all) in which
he agreed to the formation of the code in a way that the code will tell how people
should relate within and outside the community with other living things and the
environment generally.
ETHICS AND ITS GOALS
Ethics has been achieved by the realisation of the importance of moral rules to the
society it is simply the inquiry into the moral worth of human conduct. There is an
existence of ethics in almost everything one does in life, a good knowledge Ethics
helps people by providing a guide for political leaders public servants and
professionals regarding how to lead a group of people. Ethics is however not just
any kind of inquiry,rather it is a rational inquiry.it is rational inquiry into the
grounds of moral conduct which sstands in revelations special intuition.
Sub-branches of ethics:
_ Metaethics
_ Normative ethics
_ Metaethics:- “The first step in philosophical reasoning is conceptual” according
to Bodunrin conceptual analysis in the sense that the philosopher should first and
foremost know the meanings of his terms and also avoid linguistic muddle . This
step does not concern determining how right or wrong an action is, it is also
concerned with the meaning of ethical statements. Prescriptivism is a metaethical
theory that suggests how moral statements should be understood.
_ Normative Ethics: - this determines the principles that ought to guide human
conduct. The first set of the theory is called teleological ethical theories. The
normative ethical theory called ethical hedonism is an ethical theory that interprets
how right or wrong an action is. Those that practice it are called ethical hedonists.
Teleological ethical theories have shortcomings which are listed below:1.)
The require that we foresee the outcome of our actions which is what most
humans are not good at /capable of.
2.)
It makes it appear that the end justifies the means.
Moderate deontological theories hold that consequences matter but only as one of
the factors required to determine the moral rightness of an action while extreme
deontological ethical theories totally reject the need for the consequences of an
action performed in determining how morally right or wrong that action is.
Immanuel Karts moral theory agrees with deontological ethical theory which is
based on rules motives and the nature of the action itself in deciding how right or
wrong an action is. Generally ethics can be in two dimensions either by enabling
people to have better understanding of terms, concepts, or statements employed in
moral reasoning or by making frame works of action in form of normative theories
that can guide human behaviors available in a way that if it is adhered to people
will be able to act rationally and morally.
CONCLUSION
Our focus in this essay has been on examining how human conduct is influenced
by ethics. And the influence that ethics has could be in two dimensions. The first
could be through enabling persons to have better understanding of
terms,concepts,and statements employed by moral reasoning of moral discourse.
The other is that ethics makes available frameworks of action of normative
theories that can guide human actions and if adhered to enable people to act
rationally and morally.