Download Unit 4: Becoming A World Power Overview

Unit 4: Becoming A World Power Overview
In this twelve- day unit, students examine how the Industrial Revolution, urbanization, and the need for
raw materials contributed to the emergence of the United States as a world power.
This is the first time that students will encounter the diplomatic history of the United States that led to
America’s rise as a world power. The only prior knowledge students will have for this unit is from third
grade when students learned about the causes of emigration from South Carolina and from rural areas to
the cities.
In this fifth grade unit, students are introduced to a more in-depth study of how Manifest Destiny,
missionary spirit, Social Darwinism, and economics contributed to the nation’s rise as a world power.
Emphasis is placed on the Spanish American War, the creation of the Panama Canal, and the United States’
need to compete for raw materials and new markets with other world powers. Students will also
summarize the factors that led to the involvement of the United States in World War I and their role in
fighting the war. Finally, students will explore daily life in the United States during the 1920s. Emphasis is
placed on the improvements in the standard of living, the impact of the Nineteenth Amendment, the Great
Migration, the Harlem Renaissance, Prohibition, and the racial and ethnic conflicts that continued to exist
in the 1920’s.
Within this unit, time has been included for teachers to allow for differentiation, review, and assessment.
Enduring Understanding
While the Industrial Revolution, urbanization,
and access to natural resources contributed to
the United States becoming a world power,
discriminatory practices were still prevalent in
the society.
Essential Questions
Overarching: How did the rise of the United States as
a world power impact our country internationally and
domestically?
1. How did the rise of the United States as a leading
industrial producer lead Americans to advocate for a
larger role in world affairs?
2. What factors led to the involvement of the United
States in World War I? How did the United States’
involvement in World War I influence the outcome of
the war?
3. How did the economic boom period of the 1920s
have a significant effect on the daily lives of many, but
not all Americans?
SC Academic Standards 2011
Standard 5-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of American economic challenges in the 1920s and
1930s and world conflict in the 1940s.
Unit Indicators
5-4.1 Summarize daily life in the post-World War I period of the 1920s, including improvements in the
standard of living, transportation, and entertainment; the impact of the Nineteenth Amendment, the
Great Migration, the Harlem Renaissance, and Prohibition; and racial and ethnic conflict.
5-3.5 Summarize the reasons for the United States control of new territories as a result of the Spanish
American War and the building of the Panama Canal, including the need for raw materials and new
markets and competition with other world powers.
5-3.6 Summarize the factors that led to the involvement of the United States in World War I and the role of
the United States in fighting the war.
*Be sure to access the content-area reading and writing priority standards within ACPS Curriculum.
Indicator
Know
Understand
Do
Write a short story
5-4.1
- daily life in the
- although the 1920s are often called the
using the slang of the
post-World War I
“Roaring Twenties”, it was not a good time for
1920s
period of the 1920s all Americans
Create banners to
-improvements in
-the standard of living rose as new technology,
express women's
the standard of
such as automobiles, airplanes, radio, and
feelings as they
living
movies that were massed produced on
protest the right to
assembly lines became available
vote
-improvements in
transportation
-new appliances and an increased reliance
Create a T-Chart
on electricity to run them also changed the
showing the push
-improvements in
daily lives of many Americans, particularly
and pull factors that
entertainment
women
led to the Great
Migration
-impact of the 19th
-sharecroppers, farmers, and underpaid
Amendment
factory workers were not able to enjoy the
Create a poster
rising standard of living (could not afford to
project that contains
-the Great
buy the automobiles and appliances that they
short biographies of
Migration
helped to manufacture)
influential people of
the Harlem
-the Harlem
-only extremely wealthy Americans were able to Renaissance
Renaissance
take advantage of air travel
Classroom Lesson
-Prohibition
-American culture came to be more
standardized as people embraced the mass
Impact of Mass
-racial and ethnic
culture offered by the movies and radio
Production
conflict
(Americans could communicate and share
experiences)
Teacher
Mass Production
Background
Informational Text
-the Nineteenth Amendment, passed in 1920
Packet
Resources
after the government acknowledged the
contributions of women during World War I,
The Consumer
Mass Production
removed gender restrictions for voting by
Economy and Mass allowing women to vote
Handout
Entertainment
Teaching Prohibition
-except in the western states where they
Prohibition and
were a cherished minority, women rarely
Speakeasies
Jim Crow Lesson
had a “voice” in their government
Tulsa Race Riot of
1921
-more people (women) were represented after
the passing of the Nineteenth Amendment
created a more democratic government
-the Great Migration of African Americans from
southern rural to northern urban areas the
result of push and pull factors
-Jim Crow laws and lynchings, as well as
economic hardship of sharecropping, the effects
of the boll weevil, and the lack of alternative
economic opportunities prompted many to
leave the South
-job opportunities in the factories, especially
during World War I, brought African Americans
to the cities of the North and Midwest
-the Harlem Renaissance was a result of the
Great Migration as African Americans took their
culture with them
-African Americans gathered together in
cities which allowed writers, artists, and
musicians to celebrate the African
contributions to American life through their
art
-jazz was brought to France by African
American soldiers in World War I and then,
when brought back to the states, became
popular among whites as well as African
Americans
- segregation was not enforced by law in the
northern cities, but was widely practiced
-African Americans were often the last hired and
the first fired
-after World War I, some riots in the cities
targeted African Americans due to
unemployment and racial tensions
-white Americans in both North and South were
determined to reduce African American
aspirations for participation on a more
equitable basis even though they had fought in
the “war to make the world safe for democracy”
-anti-immigrant feelings towards Catholics and
Jewish immigrants from the southern and
eastern parts of Europe became targets of a new
Ku Klux Klan
-immigration quotas were designed to limit
the number of immigrants from eastern and
southern Europe
-prohibition outlawed the production and
distribution of alcohol and was intended to
control the immigrant population
-prohibition laws were widely ignored and
speakeasies and bootleg liquor gave rise to
crime (prohibition was repealed in the 1930s)
Indicator
5-3.5
Know
-reasons for the
United States
control of new
territories as a
result of the
Spanish American
War and the
building of the
Panama Canal
-the need for raw
materials and new
markets
-competition with
other world powers
Teacher
Background
Resources
The World of 1989
Annexation of
Hawaii
7 Interesting Facts
about the Panama
Canal
The Destruction of
the Maine
Understand
Do
- economic growth led many Americans to
advocate for a larger role in the world in order
to secure sources of raw materials and markets
for the finished products from American
factories
Create front page
newspaper headlines
using techniques of
yellow journalism
Classroom Lessons
-people believed that they had a God-given right
to expand across the seas as they had done
across the continent
Newspaper Headlines
-this new Manifest Destiny was also motivated
by the missionary spirit and the idea of
American superiority (Social Darwinism) as well
as economics
-that the decision to go to war against Spain
more complicated than the explosion of the
battleship Maine
-reasons for going to war were based on
American economic interests in Cuba,
humanitarian concerns for the Cuban people,
and a desire to demonstrate American power in
the world
-yellow journalism exploited every angle of the
Maine explosion that might lead to wider
circulation and greater profits for the
newspapers
-the outbreak of the Spanish American War led
to the annexation of territories by the United
States
-the United States annexed Hawaii (revolt by
American businessmen had overthrown the
Hawaiian queen) to gain an ideal fueling stop
on the way to the markets of China
-the Spanish American War started with the
takeover of Manila harbor in the Spanish colony
of the Philippines by the American Fleet
stationed in the Pacific
-the Philippines provided an ideal location to
access the markets of China
-the location of Hawaii and the Philippines
on a map (in order to understand the
significance of their geographic location for
trade)
-the Spanish in Cuba were quickly defeated
and a treaty negotiated that granted the
United States control of formerly Spanish
territories including Guam, the Philippines,
and Puerto Rico
-despite the armed protests of Filipinos who
sought independence, the United States
continued to control the Philippines as a
territory until the end of World War II
-Cuba was occupied by American forces off and
on for more than thirty years (secured a
permanent naval base)
-Hawaii was admitted as out fiftieth state and
continues to control Guam and the territory of
Puerto Rico today
-the United States wanted a quick ocean route
from the east coast to the west coast so
President Theodore Roosevelt offered Colombia
(which controlled the Isthmus of Panama)
money for the right to build a canal
-after Colombia rejected the offer, a few
Panamanians organized a bloodless revolution
that was support by American gunboats and
later signed an agreement with the United
States allowing the Americans to lease the
isthmus and build the canal
-the Panama Canal allowed American
commercial and war ships to travel from the
Atlantic to the Pacific more quickly and
contributed to America’s commercial and
military might and its image as a world
power
Indicator
Know
-factors that led to
Understand
-at first, the United States tried to maintain a
Do
Create newspaper
5-3.6
the involvement of
the United States in
World War I
-role of the United
States in fighting
the war
Teacher
Background
Resources
Five Reasons the
United States
Entered into World
War I
The Brave
Warhorses of
World War I
neural role in World War I
-factors that brought the United States into the
war include: wartime propaganda (yellow
journalism), traditional
sympathies, commercial ties with and loans to
Great Britain strained neutrality, and
unrestricted submarine warfare
-unrestricted submarine warfare declared
by the Germans on the high seas and waged
against neutral ships trading with Britain
and France led President Woodrow Wilson to
ask Congress for a declaration of war to “make
the world safe for democracy”
-the sinking of the Lusitania was not the direct
cause of the United States’ declaration of war (it
was only one incident in a series of attacks)
Crash Course WWI -the interception of the Zimmerman telegram
by the British and its publication by
Neutrality Acts
sensationalist press in the United States led the
American public to support going to war
-American troops, known as doughboys, were
instrumental in repelling the final assaults of
German troops on the western front and
breaking the deadlock of trench warfare
-the Central Powers (Germany, Austria,
Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire) agreed to an
armistice with the Allies (Great Britain, France,
and the United States) on the condition that
peace negotiations would be based on
Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points
-Woodrow Wilson played a significant role at
the peace negotiations, although many of his
Fourteen Points were ignored by the other
nations
-Wilson helped to redraw state borders in
Europe so that they better reflected nations,
groups of people with the same language,
religion, and ethnic heritage
-the Treaty of Versailles included an
international peace-keeping organization, the
League of Nations, which Wilson hoped would
put an end to war
headlines declaring
each of the causes for
American involvement
in World War I
Classroom Lessons
The Blame Game:
Lusitania
-the United States Senate refused to ratify the
treaty because many Senators thought that the
League of Nation would compromise Congress’s
constitutional right to declare war
-in the 1930s, the Congress limited American
involvement in world affairs in a series of laws
called the Neutrality Acts (designed to keep
the United States out of the war that was
brewing in Europe)
-the Neutrality Acts addressed what Americans
thought were the causes of American
involvement in World War I
-when the United States finally became involved
in World War II, the United States allied with
Great Britain, France, and others (this alliance
became the basis for the creation of the United
States after World War II, which replaced the
League of Nations with a more effective peacekeeping organization)
yellow journalism
manifest destiny
Social Darwinism
annexation
isthmus
canal
Ku Klux Klan
trench warfare
neutrality
propaganda
Domain-Specific Vocabulary
armistice
alliance
prohibition
Great Migration
renaissance
Additional Resources
Jim Crow Laws
suffrage
quotas
speakeasies
bootleg
doughboys