Download Decisions and Judgment in Stressful Settings

The FITS SBT
Methodology
by
Mike Franz
FAASTeam Representative
1
•
FITS
FAA Industry Training Standards
•
SBT
Scenario Based Training
•
LCG
Learner Centered Grading
•
SRM
Single pilot Resource Management
•
HOTS
Higher Order Thinking Skills
•
F/I
Facilitator/Instructor
•
PT
Pilot in Training
•
CFI
Certificated Flight Instructor
•
PTS
Practical Test Standards
FITS
The FAA/Industry Training Standards (FITS) program
is a partnership between FAA, industry, and academia
designed to enhance general aviation safety.
This is accomplished by developing flight training
programs that are more convenient, more accessible,
less expensive, and more relevant to today’s users of
the National Airspace System.
http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/training/fits/
All FITS products are non-regulatory and incentive driven.
Materials are “Accepted” not “Approved”.
FITS is focused on the redesign of general aviation training.
• Instead of training pilots to meet the PTS, FITS focuses on
expertly managed real-world challenges.
• Scenario based training is used to enhance the GA pilots’
aeronautical decision making (ADM), risk management (RM),
and single pilot resource management skills (SRM).
• This is accomplished without compromising basic
maneuvers skill sets. We still teach the PT to fly the
helicopter!
FITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
For FITS acceptance the training curriculum and
syllabus must include three concepts; (a) Scenario Based
Training (SBT), (b) Learner Centered Grading (LCG,) and (c)
Single pilot Resource Management (SRM).
In general, these concepts provide the Pilot in Training (PT) an
enhanced learning environment and the opportunity to
practice, drill, and then reflect on the problems and tasks he
or she encounters in training.
Training that does not “provide for learning in context and for
judgment training” does not meet the basic FITS acceptance
criteria.
SBT
Who thinks that they use Scenario Based Training?
B
What does the B in SBT stand for?
SBT Methodology
Concepts
• Scenario Based Training
• Learner Centered Grading
• Single pilot Resource Management
SBT Elements
• Situational Awareness (SA)
• “In Command” concept -Pilot in Training (PT)
• Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
• Risk Management (RM)
LCG
• Reason to Fly
• Pre-brief
• Flight
• PT run Debrief
• Facilitator Debrief
• Reason to Fly -The Scenario to completion
• Pre-Brief -PT plans the flight
• Flight -run by the PT with “In Command” mentality
• PT run Debrief -PT self assesses all elements of the flight
• Facilitator Debrief -verifies what PT attained from the
flight
LCG Debrief
PT then Facilitator
Maneuvers Grading
• Describe – the PT will be able to describe the physical
characteristics and cognitive elements of the scenario
activities.
• Explain – the PT will be able to describe the scenario
activity and understand the underlying concepts,
principles, and procedures that comprise the activity.
• Practice – the PT will be able to plan and execute the
scenario. Coaching, instruction, and/or assistance from
the F/I will correct deviations and errors identified by
the F/I.
LCG Debrief
PT then Facilitator
• Perform - the PT will be able to perform the activity
without assistance from the CFI. Errors and deviations
will be identified and corrected by the PT in an
expeditious manner. At no time will the successful
completion of the activity be in doubt.
(“Perform” will be used to signify that the PT
meets the PTS)
• Not Observed – Any event not accomplished or
required.
LCG Debrief
PT then Facilitator
SRM Grades
• Explain – the PT can verbally identify, describe, and understand the risks
inherent in the flight scenario. Prompting by the Facilitator is required to
identify risks and make decisions.
• Practice –PT is able to identify, understand, and apply SRM principles to the
actual flight situation. Coaching, instruction, and/or assistance from the F/I will
quickly correct minor deviations and errors identified by the F/I. The student will
be an active decision maker.
• Manage/Decide - the PT can correctly gather the most important data available
both within and outside the cockpit, identify possible courses of action, evaluate
the risk inherent in each course of action, and make the appropriate decision. F/I
intervention is not required for the safe completion of the flight.
SRM Elements
Ref: FAA-H-8083-25A, Chap. 17
• Hazard & Risk, pgs. 4-6
• PAVE checklist, pgs. 6-10
Pilot, Aircraft, enVironment, External pressures
• 5 P’s - Plan, Plane, Pilot, Pax, Program, pgs. 11-14
• 3 P’s – Perceive, Process, Perform, pgs. 14-16
PAVE, CARE, TEAM
• OODA Loop, pgs. 16-17
Observe, Orient, Decide, Act
• Decide Model, pgs. 17-19
Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do, Evaluate
• Risk Management Handbook – FAA-H-8083-2
http://www.faa.gov/library/manuals/aviation
6 Components of FITS SRM
FAA-S-8081-4E
change 2, March, 16, 2010
Aeronautical Decision Making -ADM
Risk Management
-RM
Task Management
-TM
Situational Awareness
-SA
Controlled Flight Into Terrain -CFIT
Automation Management
-AM
Unsatisfactory in any one area indicates failure!
Summary
The F/I will develop the maneuvers skill sets to
meet or exceed the PTS.
A Facilitator will promote the integrated use of
managing resources, exercising sound judgment, making
timely decisions and promoting SA & opportunities for DM
as basic and habit forming so as to become second nature
and always present/considered/used.
Contact & Support
Mike Franz
HelicopterSBT
[email protected]
239-269-5016 cell/text
http://www.faa.gov/training_testing/training/fits/