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Name: _________________________
Exploration Test
Multiple Choice: Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 2 points
each
____ 1.Which of the following best explained why
European rulers encouraged ocean exploration?
a. They wanted to find new trade routes.
b. They wanted to conquer new lands.
c. They wanted to spread Islam.
d. They wanted to test new navigational tools.
____ 2.
Which of the following statements
accurately describes trade in Southeast Asia?
a. Travel was not influenced by the monsoon
winds.
b. Women were successful merchants and rulers in
some ports.
c. Most of the spices traded were destined for
markets in Europe.
d. Indian traditions did not spread to the region as
a result of trade.
____ 6.According to Figure 2-1, what explorer first crossed
the Atlantic?
a. da Gama
b. Columbus
c. Cabot
d. Cabral
____ 7.Who took over control of the spice trade from the
Portuguese?
a. the Dutch
b. the English
c. the Spanish
d. the French
Figure 2-1
____ 3.According to Figure 2-1, which European power
took the lead in sending out voyages of exploration?
Figure 3-1
a. France
____ 8.Which of the following statements is accurate
b. Portugal
according to Figure 3-1?
c. England
a. In 1713, English claims included most of North
d. the Dutch
America.
____ 4.According to Figure 2-1, which of the following
b.
In 1713, French claims included most of the
explorers sailed around Africa to India?
major rivers in North America.
a. Dias
c. In 1713, Spanish claims included northern lands
b. da Gama
in North America.
c. Columbus
d.
Most lands in North America were unclaimed in
d. Cabot
1713.
____ 5.Which of the following generalizations is
supported by Figure 2-1?
a. The English were the first to reach North America. ____ 9.According to Figure 3-1, the land along the east
b. Early explorers were searching for gold and other coast of North America was
a. claimed by Spain.
treasures in Africa.
b. claimed by France.
c. The Dutch were the last power to take to the oceans for
c. claimed by England.
riches.
d. unclaimed.
d. Portugal and Spain took the lead in sending out
voyages of exploration.
____ 10.Which of the following statements is accurate
according to Figure 3-1?
a. In 1713, England’s claims in North America
were separated by those of France.
b. In 1713, Spain claimed most of North
America’s major rivers.
c. In 1713, lands along North America’s eastern
coast were unclaimed.
d. In 1713, France claimed the lands along the
northwest coast of North America.
____ 11.According to Figure 3-1, lands in the central
region of North America were
a. claimed by England.
b. claimed by France.
c. claimed by Spain.
d. unclaimed.
____
12.Spanish explorers traveled to the Americas to find
a. slave labor.
b. gold.
c. horses.
d. furs.
____ 13.Which of the following places was influenced by
Portuguese culture?
a. Mexico
b. Brazil
c. Cuba
d. Peru
____ 14.Which of the following represents a Native
American influence on European colonists?
a. horses
b. corn
c. Christianity
d. disease
____ 15.
By the 1500s, the most important element of
African trade with Europeans was
a. ivory.
b. gold.
c. hides.
d. enslaved Africans.
____ 16.Who began a vast global exchange that included
people, plants, technologies, and cultures?
a. Samuel de Champlain
b. Christopher Columbus
c. Bartolomé de las Casas
d. Hernan Cortés
____ 17.Which of the following statements accurately
describes the economic policy of mercantilism?
a. It downplayed the role of government in
stimulating economic growth.
b. It discouraged the establishment of overseas
colonies.
c. It encouraged trade by abolishing laws that
regulated trade.
d. It was based on a belief that a nation’s real
wealth was measured in its gold and silver
treasure.
____ 18.Which of the following resulted from encounters
between the Spanish and Native Americans?
a. Spanish treasures flowed into the Americas.
b. The Native American population declined.
c. Native Americans defeated Spanish conquerors.
d. Spanish explorers treated Native Americans
with respect.
____
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 resulted in
French control of eastern North America.
Spanish control of Canada.
British control of eastern North America.
Portuguese control of Peru.
____ 20.
Which of the following did Europeans learn
from Native Americans?
a. Christian traditions
b. use of horses
c. hunting and trapping of forest animals
d. use of metal helmets and armor
____ 21.European traders sent Africans to the Americas to
a. start new colonies.
b. trade with Native Americans.
c. spread Islam.
d. work as slaves on plantations.
____ 22.
Which of the following statements describes
Europe’s middle class during the 1500s and 1600s?
a. They enjoyed a comfortable life.
b. They had to sell off their land.
c. They lived in poverty.
d. They raised new crops from the Americas.
Write-Out Portion: Use complete sentences to answer these questions. Each one
counts 5 points each
Essay
23. Synthesizing Information: Explain how the phrase “gold, God, and glory” relates to the time of ocean exploration.
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24. Recognizing Causes and Effects: What were the results of the first Spanish encounters with Native Americans?
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25. Drawing Conclusions: What was the impact of the Atlantic slave trade on Africa?
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Short Answer
Read the following excerpt from a writing by historian Trevor Cairns describing early navigation methods. Then
answer the questions that follow.
“A piece of wood was thrown from the ship into the sea, with a thin rope attached to it. As the ship sailed on, the wood
remained bobbing in the water at about the same place; the rope unwound as the ship sailed by and away from the wood. By
leaving the wood, or “log” as English sailors called it, in the water for a minute . . . the seaman would know how far the ship
had traveled in that time, and so work out how far it had traveled in an hour. . . . [i]f a knot were tied in the rope every onesixtieth of a mile, all a sailor had to do was to count the knots as he pulled in the rope, and he would know how many miles
per hour his ship was traveling.”
26.
Based on this excerpt, where did the use of the term knots to measure the speed of a ship originate?
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27.
How did tying knots in the rope make the job of figuring out how far a ship had traveled easier?
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28.
What do you think was a drawback to this method of calculating distance?
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29.
Explain three reasons why the Spanish were able to conquer the Aztec and Incan empires.
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30.
Explain how the voyages of Columbus led to a global exchange.
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Read the following excerpt from an account by a British doctor named Falconbridge who traveled on a slave ship
across the Atlantic. Then answer the questions that follow.
“The men negroes on being brought aboard are immediately fastened two by two by handcuffs on their wrists and by irons on
their legs. They are frequently stowed [packed] so close as to admit of no other posture than lying on their sides. . . . Neither
will the height between decks . . . permit them . . . an erect posture. . . .
The negroes are far more violently affected by seasickness than Europeans. It frequently ends in death, especially among the
women. The exclusion [lack] of fresh air is amongst the most unbearable of their sufferings. Many ships have ventilators
[openings], but whenever the sea is rough and the rain heavy, it becomes necessary to shut these and every other means by
which air is admitted. The fresh air being thus excluded, the negroes’ rooms very soon become unbearably hot. The confined
air being breathed repeatedly and the foul smells soon produce sickness and fevers which result in the death of a great
number of the slaves. . . .
The slaves were so crowded that they had to lie one upon another. This causes such a death rate among them that, without
meeting very stormy weather or having a longer voyage than usual, nearly half of them died before the ship arrived at the
West Indies.”
31.
According to this account, why was it necessary for slaves to lie on their sides in the ship?
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32.
Why did Dr. Falconbridge consider a lack of fresh air among the most unbearable sufferings of the slaves?
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33.
According to Falconbridge, what was the usual death rate on a slave ship?
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Exploration Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
ANS: A
DIF: A
REF:
Global interaction, Quest for trade routes
62
OBJ:
C2S1-1
TOP:
2.
ANS: B
DIF: D
REF:
Social systems, Women in Southeast Asia
68
OBJ:
C2S2-1
TOP:
3.
ANS: B
DIF:
Global interaction, Portugal
A
REF:
63
OBJ:
C2S1-3
TOP:
4.
ANS: B
Global interaction
E
REF:
63
OBJ:
C2S1-3
TOP:
5.
ANS: D
DIF: A
REF: 63-64 OBJ:
Global interaction, Early voyages of exploration
C2S1-3
TOP:
6.
ANS: B
DIF:
Global interaction, Columbus
C2S1-3
TOP:
TOP:
7.
ANS: A
DIF: A
REF: 72
Continuity and change, Dutch in Southeast Asia
8.
ANS: B
DIF:
Geography, New France
A
TOP:
9.
ANS: C
DIF:
Geography, English colonies
E
TOP:
TOP:
DIF:
E
REF:
63-64 OBJ:
OBJ:
C2S3-1
REF:
92, 94 OBJ:
C3S3-1
REF:
93-94 OBJ:
C3S3-2
10.
ANS: A
DIF: A
Geography, British-French rivalries
REF:
94
OBJ:
C3S3-1
11.
ANS: B
DIF:
Geography, New France
REF:
92, 94 OBJ:
C3S3-2
TOP:
12.
ANS: B
DIF: E
Global interaction, Spanish explorers
REF:
84
OBJ:
C3S1-1
TOP:
13.
ANS: B
DIF:
Global interaction, Brazil
A
REF:
91
OBJ:
C3S2-3
TOP:
14.
ANS: B
DIF: A
Diversity, Native American legacy
REF:
95
OBJ:
C3S3-3
TOP:
15.
ANS: D
DIF: A
Global interaction, African slave trade
REF:
96
OBJ:
C3S4-1
TOP:
16.
ANS: B
DIF: A
REF: 101-102
Impact of the individual, Christopher Columbus
OBJ:
TOP:
17.
ANS: D
DIF: D
REF:
1.a, 1.c TOP: Economics, Mercantilism
104
OBJ:
C3S5-1
STO:
18.
ANS: B
DIF: A
Global interaction, Native Americans
86
OBJ:
C3S1-3
TOP:
E
REF:
C3S5-1
STO:
19.
ANS: C
DIF: A
REF: 94
OBJ: C3S3-3
1.a, 1.c TOP: Continuity and change, Treaty of Paris of 1763
20.
ANS: C
DIF: A
Diversity, Native American legacy
REF:
95
OBJ:
C3S3-3
TOP:
REF:
97
OBJ:
C3S4-1
TOP:
21.
ANS: D
DIF: A
Global interaction, African slave trade
22.
ANS: A
DIF:
Social systems, Middle class
REF:
104
OBJ:
C3S5-1
TOP:
D
ESSAY
23.
ANS:
Countries encouraged exploration out of a competitive sense of wanting to be the “first,” because they wanted riches and
because they hoped to spread Christianity.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 62-63 OBJ: C2S1-1
Global interaction, Motives for overseas exploration
24.
ANS:
The Spanish seized Native American resources, enslaved the people and forced them to convert to Christianity, and
introduced diseases that wiped out Native American populations.
DIF:
TOP:
D
REF: 87-88 OBJ: C3S1-3
Global interaction, Spanish and Native Americans
25.
ANS:
As a result of the slave trade, West Africa lost much of its population. Some African societies and small states disappeared.
New states, whose way of life depended upon the slave trade, rose in West Africa during the 1600s and 1700s.
DIF:
TOP:
D
REF: 98
OBJ: C3S4-2 STO:
Continuity and change, African slave trade
1.a, 1.c
SHORT ANSWER
26.
ANS:
It originated in reference to the knots sailors tied in the rope used to measure the distance a ship traveled.
DIF:
A
REF:
63
OBJ:
C2S1-2 TOP:
Technology, Navigation methods
27.
ANS:
A sailor had only to count the knots that had unwound into the water over the course of one minute in order to determine how
many miles the ship was traveling in one hour. This was easier than measuring how far the ship had traveled in one minute
and then multiplying to determine the number of miles per hour.
DIF:
A
REF:
63
OBJ:
C2S1-2 TOP:
Technology, Navigation methods
28.
ANS:
This method of determining the speed of a ship depended on the logs remaining in one place. If there were currents, the logs
would move and this would throw the calculations off.
DIF:
D
REF:
63
OBJ:
C2S1-2 TOP:
Technology, Navigation methods
29.
ANS:
The Spaniards had horses and superior weapons. They were aided by enemies of the Aztecs and Incas. The Indians were
weakened and demoralized by disease.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 86
OBJ: C3S1-2
Global interaction, Conquest of the Americas
30.
ANS:
When Columbus returned to Spain in 1493, he brought plants, animals, and people from the Americas. When he returned to
the Americas, he took European settlers, plants, and animals. This exchange led to a global movement of people, ideas, and
technologies.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 101-102
OBJ: C3S5-1
Global interaction, Columbian Exchange
31.
ANS:
The slaves were packed close together between decks. There was not enough space for them to sit or stand.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 97-98 OBJ: C3S4-1 STO:
Social systems, African slave trade
1.a, 3.a, 4.c
32.
ANS:
Rooms became unbearably hot. Foul air produced sickness and fever, which resulted in the deaths of many slaves.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 97-98 OBJ: C3S4-1 STO:
Social systems, African slave trade
1.a, 3.a, 4.c
33.
ANS:
Nearly half of the enslaved people died.
DIF:
TOP:
A
REF: 97-98 OBJ: C3S4-1 STO:
Social systems, African slave trade
1.a, 3.a, 4.c