Download CHAPTER 15 Quiz Yourself 1. The choice of drug therapy for

CHAPTER 15
Quiz Yourself
1. The choice of drug therapy for epilepsy depends on the proper classification of
the type of seizure, and this is based on the patient’s clinical symptoms and EEG
pattern. Each type of epilepsy displays a specific EEG pattern during a seizure.
2. There are four common types of seizures:
(1) tonic-clonic (also known as grand mal),
(2) absence (also known as petit mal),
(3) complex partial (also known as psychomotor), and
(4) simple partial (also known as focal motor).
3. Hydantoin drugs, benzodiazepine drugs, succinimide drugs, barbiturate drugs.
4. [Only need to name five.]
Topamax is used to treat tonic-clonic seizures and simple and complex partial seizures,
migraine headaches, bipolar disorder, alcohol and cocaine dependence, bulimia, and used to
help lose weight and stop smoking.
5. Cholinesterase inhibitor drugs inhibit the enzyme cholinesterase (which breaks down
acetylcholine) to effectively raise the acetylcholine level in the brain.
6. The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are caused by an imbalance between dopamine
and acetylcholine.
7. When the dose of a drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease can no longer be
increased or side effects become intolerable, the physician will gradually withdraw
the drug, placing the patient on a drug holiday for a few days.
8. It was found that if levodopa was given in a combination drug with carbidopa that the
carbidopa would inhibit the enzyme dopa decarboxylase in the blood. This allowed
more levodopa to cross the blood–brain barrier. The use of carbidopa also allowed
the initial dose of levodopa to be smaller by at least 75 percent.
9. Restless legs syndrome is characterized by restlessness and twitching of the muscles
of the legs, particularly the calf muscles, along with an indescribable tingling, aching,
or crawling-insect sensation. The symptoms occur mainly at night and may be severe
enough to prevent sleep. These drugs are used to treat restless legs syndrome: carbamazepine
(Tegretol), clonidine (Catapres), pramipexole (Mirapex), and ropinirole (Requip).
10. Barbiturate drugs are Schedule II, III, and IV drugs and, because of their higher
potential to cause addiction, are used infrequently for treating insomnia.
11. The hormone melatonin maintains the body’s internal clock, the 24-hour wakesleep
cycle (the circadian rhythm), and regulates the onset and duration of sleep.
Melatonin is available as an over-the-counter drug that has the same actions.
12. All of the prescription drugs used to treat insomnia are schedule drugs with some
degree of potential for addiction. The over-the-counter drugs diphenhydramine (Compoz,
Nytol, Sominex), doxylamine (Unisom), and melatonin are not schedule drugs and have no
potential for addiction.
13. a. Anticholinergic drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease
b. Topical irritant/anesthetic drug used to treat neuralgia and neuropathy
c. Cholinesterase inhibitor drug used to treat Alzheimer’s disease
d. COMT inhibitor drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease
e. Nonbarbiturate drug used to treat insomnia
f. Succinimide drug used to treat epilepsy
g. Benzodiazepine drug used to treat insomnia
h. Anticonvulsant drug used to treat tonicclonic seizures, simple partial/focal motor
seizures, and myoclonic seizures
i. Anticonvulsant drug used to treat myoclonic seizures
j. NMDA receptor blocker drug used to treat Alzheimer’s disease
k. Stimulant drug used to treat narcolepsy
l. Hydantoin drug used to treat epilepsy
m. Dopamine agonist drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease
n. Anticonvulsant drug used to treat for simple partial/focal motor seizures and
neuralgia
o. Dopamine agonist drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease
p. MAO inhibitor drug used to treat Parkinson’s disease
q. Cholinesterase inhibitor drug used to treat Alzheimer’s disease
r. Drug like GABA that is used to treat epilepsy
s. Nonbarbiturate drug used to treat insomnia
Clinical Applications Questions
1. a. eszopiclone
b. Lunesta
c. insomnia
d. Because Lunesta is a Schedule IV drug with some potential for addiction, and
drugs used to treat insomnia should only be used on a short-term basis.
2. a. Dilantin
b. Epilepsy
c. 100 mg
d. 100
e. Write on the label: Take 400 milligrams immediately, 100 milligrams twice a day
for the first day, then 100 milligrams three times a day thereafter. 3 refills.
3. a. Halcion
b. Insomnia
c. 0.25 mg
d. By mouth every hours of sleep (every bedtime), as needed.