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Variance Standard Deviation Atlantic Sharp-nose Sharks Gender of Sharks Mean Length of Sharp-nose Sharks Female Male 920 940 960 980 1000 1020 Length in Millimeters Mean-The average of your set. Median-The halfway point of the data set when the numbers are arranged in ascending order. Mode- The most repeated number in a data set. Range- Turtle Survival-Race to the Sea 20 15 # of hatchlings survived 10 5 red orange blue green 0 yellow # of Turtles 25 Color of Piece This is the “Percent #Observed Triangle” → Percent % Total # in sample Sea Turtles Beach Trash- Bottle Caps A percent is a comparative calculation used to describe a number out of a sample of 100. The name per-cent means “for every 100.” Measuring Sea Cigars Mesuring Sea Cigars 30 Length (cm) 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Number We measured twentyfive sea cigars. Most of them were from around 15 cm to about 25 cm Most of them were large, but some of them were small. Probability and Chance of Coral Planula survival Trial # Survived? 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 No 5 Yes 6 Yes 7 Yes Probability of Coral Planula Survival 8 No 9 No 10 Yes Probability Probability is a way to measure the chances that something will occur in relation to the possible alternatives. A simple event is when something happens once. A compound event is more than one simple events. 3 things that affect Coral Planula is water temperature, depth, and wave action. 0.5 11 No 0.4 12 Yes 0.3 13 No 0.2 14 Yes 0.1 15 No 16 No 0 Theoratical Probabilty Observed Probability 17 Yes 18 Yes Standard Deviation Standard deviation is basically the square root of the variance of a data set s= ∑(X−X)² n−1 KEY ∑= the sum X= the mean of the data X= each data value n= the number values standard deviation 9 10 12 13 13 15 16 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 25 26 27 4.813176359 Variance Two values that are used in statistics to describe how far away your data are from the mean are variance and standard deviation. The variance is calculated as: s²= ∑(X-X)² n-1 KEY ∑= the sum X= the mean of the data X= each data value n= the number values variance 9 10 12 13 13 15 16 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 25 26 27 23.16666667 Theoretical Distribution Curve Using Mean and Standard Deviation. Theoretical Distribution of Sea Cigar Lengths 3 2.5 1.5 frequency 1 0.5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Frequency Distribution of Sea Cigar Lengths 4 3 Frequency Size 2 2 1 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 Length (cm) T-Test Control Treatment 14 14 13 13 13 15 13 15 13 15 13 14 14 14 15 15 P=0.000545 P-value must be less than 0.05 in order to reject the null hypothesis. If the pvalue is greater than 0.05 than we will fail to reject the null hypothesis. X1-X2 t= 𝑆𝑝2 1 𝑛1 1 (𝑛 ) 2