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Department of Homeland Security
Federal Emergency
Management Agency
What is FEMA?
 Since March 2003, part of the Department
of Homeland Security
 A former independent agency created in
1979
 Includes the U.S. Fire Administration and
Federal Insurance Administration
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Sec. Tom Ridge:
“In the new Department of Homeland
Security, the Federal Emergency
Management Agency will become the
nation's all-hazard incident manager. If
it's a terrorist incident, if it's a natural
disaster, whatever it is, this new
department, through FEMA, will be on
the scene and manage the response.”
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DHS Mission
 Prevent terrorist attacks in the U.S.
 Reduce America’s vulnerability to
terrorism
 Minimize the damage from potential
attacks and natural disasters
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Directorates of DHS:
 Border and Transportation Security
 FEMA
 Science and Technology
 Information Analysis and Infrastructure
Protection
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Also part of DHS:
 U.S. Coast Guard
 U.S. Secret Service
 Citizenship and Immigration Services
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FEMA’s Mission:
Reduce the loss of life and property and
protect our institutions from all hazards by
leading and supporting the nation in a
comprehensive, risk-based emergency
management program of mitigation,
preparedness, response and recovery.
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Who is FEMA?
 Under Secretary appointed
by the President, confirmed
by Congress, reporting to
DHS Secretary
 2,400 permanent employees
 7,000 disaster reserve
employees
 8,000 NDMS reserve
employees
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What does FEMA do?
 Disaster response and
recovery
 Reducing risk from
disasters through mitigation
 Preparedness training and
exercises
 Consequence management
following terrorist incidents
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What else does FEMA do?
 Train fire fighters and
first responders
 Oversee the National
Flood Insurance
Program
 Manage the National
Disaster Medical
System
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Where is FEMA?
 Washington, D.C.
 Ten regional offices
 Disaster Field Offices
 Tele-registration
processing centers
 Training facilities
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When does FEMA respond?
 When local and state capabilities are
overwhelmed
State governors must request a federal
disaster declaration
 FEMA assesses disaster damage to determine
extent of need
 Presidential approval of a declaration request
allows FEMA to provide response and
recovery assistance
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Man-made vs natural disaster:
FEMA doesn’t differentiate
between disasters caused by
nature, such as earthquakes,
or disasters such as a
terrorist event. In all cases,
FEMA provides response and
recovery assistance geared to
the event and in coordination
with local, state and federal
officials.
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In a disaster, FEMA:
 Provides disaster response aid
to individuals, communities and
states for immediate needs
 Provides disaster aid to
individuals, communities and
states for recovery
 Promotes risk reduction from
future disasters through
mitigation efforts
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Response Resources:
DHS/FEMA activates and manages emergency response
assets through the Emergency Support Function
Structure established within the National Response Plan
Emergency Support Functions
Transportation – IT and Telecommunications – Infrastructure –
Firefighting – Mass Care – Housing – Public Health – Urban
Search and Rescue – Hazardous Materials – Agriculture –
Energy – Economic Stabilization
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Response Resources:
 Mass sheltering and feeding
 Temporary housing
 Supplemental power / generators
 Ice and water
 Emergency personnel equipment
 Medical support
 Urban Search and Rescue (USAR)
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FEMA disaster aid programs:

Public Assistance
 Individual
Assistance
 Hazard Mitigation
Grant Program
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Other assistance:
 Crisis counseling
 Disaster-related
unemployment
assistance
 Legal aid
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Support for Medical Facilities:
 Two Avenues of
Support:
 Funding reimbursement
for certain costs incurred
by eligible medical
facilities
 Personnel, supplies and
equipment to augment
local medical systems
when overwhelmed
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Medical Response Resources:
 FEMA’s Public Assistance Program
 Generally does not reimburse for increased costs
 May provide reimbursement for extraordinary costs associated with
providing temporary facilities
 May provide reimbursement to hospitals that need to evacuate special
needs patients to another facility
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Medical Response Resources:
 HHS assets can be activated under the National Response
Plan (NRP) including:
 Surveillance support
 Medical care personnel such as the U.S. Public Health Service
Commissioned Corps
 Supplies and equipment
 Support with patient evacuations utilizing DOT assets
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Medical Response Resources:
Medical Support Teams within NDMS
including:
DMAT
DMORT
VMAT
NPRT
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Medical Response Resources:
 A Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) is a group of
professional and para-professional medical personnel
(supported by a cadre of logistical and administrative staff)
designed to provide medical care during a disaster or other
event.
 DMATs deploy to disaster sites with sufficient supplies and
equipment to sustain themselves for a period of 72 hours while
providing medical care at a fixed or temporary medical care
site. In mass casualty incidents, their responsibilities may
include triaging patients, providing high-quality medical care
despite the adverse and austere environment often found at a
disaster site, and preparing patients for evacuation. In other
types of situations, DMATs may provide primary medical care
and/or may serve to augment overloaded local health care
staffs.
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Medical Response Resources:
 Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Teams
(DMORT0) provide support when local mortuary services
are overwhelmed, support provided includes:
 Temporary morgue facilities
 Victim identification
 Forensic dental pathology
 Forensic anthropology methods
 Processing
 Preparation
 Disposition of remains
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Medical Response Resources:
Strategic National Stockpile
 HHS/DHS assets include antibiotics, chemical antidotes, life
support medications, etc.
 Delivery within 12 hours anywhere in U.S. or territories
 Over 150 locally stored and controlled caches throughout the
Nation
 Capable of supporting approximately 100,000 individuals for
10 days
 Additional Federal caches controlled by the CDC to augment the
locally placed supplies
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Medical Response Resources:
DOD Assets:
USS Comfort docked in NY following 9/11 attacks
Mobile military hospital utilized in Puerto Rico and Guam
VA assets
Aeromedical Evacuation System
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Medical Response Resources:
Urban Search and Rescue
In addition to traditional USAR ability, each team has
6 ER doctors and 6 EMT nurses, as well as cache of
supplies and equipment, which could be used to
support overwhelmed local medical facilities
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FEMA’s Future:
As part of the Department of Homeland
Security, FEMA is leveraging its
resources with those of 21 other
agencies and departments to ensure a
full continuum of response and recovery
activities – and to attain a vision of a
“nation prepared.”
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