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Download Weather - Earth Systems A
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Weather Weather • Weather: the current conditions of the atmosphere Climate • Climate: the long term weather patterns of an area • Depends on latitude and topography Meteorology • The study of atmospheric conditions Climatology • The study of climate and climate change Instruments • Thermometer: measures temperature • Barometer: measures air pressure • Hygrometer: measures humidity Instruments Continued… • Rain Gauge: measures precipitation • Wind Vane: measures wind direction • Anemometer: measures wind speed Radiosonde • Weather balloon: measures atmospheric conditions Doppler Radar • Radar that uses the doppler effect to measure the movement and intensity of precipitation The Doppler Effect • A change in the frequency of a wave due to the movement of the object relative to the observer The Doppler Effect • Moving towards the observer: wavelength gets shorter • Moving away from the observer: wavelength gets longer Weather Satellite • A satellite that collects information about the atmosphere ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ ▫ Global temperatures Cloud cover Precipitation Sand and dust storms Auroras Ocean currents Smoke Ash Cloud Formation • Water condenses onto dust particles • It takes about a million water molecules to form 1 rain drop Clouds • High clouds ▫ Form 3-4 miles up ▫ Thin ▫ Made of ice crystals Clouds • Mid-level clouds ▫ Form 1-2 miles up ▫ Made of water and ice crystals Clouds • Low level clouds ▫ Form 1 mile up and below ▫ Made of mostly water droplets Fog • Clouds that form near the ground Cloud Types • Cirrus: Wispy, stringy • Cumulus: Puffy or piled Cloud Types • Stratus: sheets or layers • Nimbus: rain or storm clouds
