Download Atoms – the smallest particles that make up all matter

Atoms – the smallest particles that make up all matter.
Battery – a device that produces a voltage (potential difference) as a
result of a contained chemical reaction. It converts chemical energy into
electrical energy. This voltage can produce a current in a complete
circuit.
Closed circuit – an electrical circuit that can be traced in a continuous
path from the source of electrical energy (battery), around the circuit and
back to the energy source.
Conductor – a material through which electric current moves easily.
Current electricity – a movement of electrons from one point to another
by flowing in a path through a conductor.
Electrical Circuit - a continuous loop of conductors that will transfer
electrical energy from the source (battery) to the user (bulb).
Electrical current – the flow of charge (electrons) through a complete
(closed) circuit.
Electrical discharge - when, after building up sufficient potential energy,
electrons jump from one point to another.
Electrical energy - energy associated with electrically charged objects. A
current flowing in an electrical circuit carries electrical energy. Also,
electrons jumping from one object to another also carry electrical energy.
Electrons – negatively charged particles in an atom. Electrons can be
transferred from one object to another by rubbing the objects together
(see
Static Electricity), and they carry the charge in an electric current.
Filament - the wire that produces light in a light bulb.
Friction – the force that resists motion between two surfaces when they
are rubbed against each other. The force of friction can cause electrons to
be removed from atoms on one surface and transferred to the other surface
and then rubbed objects become electrically charged.
Inflate – to increase the size of a balloon by blowing air in to it.
Insulator – a material through which an electric current will not flow
easily. In a light bulb, the base of the bulb that is used to separate points
of contact is an insulator. It provides electrical insulation for the bulb
circuit.
Law of charges – like charges repel, unlike charges attract.
Light bulb – device which converts electrical energy to light energy.
Lightning – when friction between clouds causes an imbalance of
electrical charge and results in a large static electric discharge.
Non-conductor – a material which resists the flow of electricity to the
point of blocking the flow of electrons.
Open circuit – a circuit which has a break in the path such that electrons
cannot flow.
Parallel circuit – a circuit with more than one closed path connecting the
various components; electric current can flow along more than one path.
Proton – positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom; they do
not move out of an atom, but serve to attract negatively charged electrons.
Resistance – a measure of a material’s ability to resist the flow of current
through it. Good conductors have a low electrical resistance and
insulators have very high electrical resistance.
Series circuit – a circuit that has only one closed path connecting the
electrical components; electric current can flow along only one path.
Short circuit – a path for electric current to flow with very low resistance.
As a result, high current flows, the wires get very hot and they can melt.
Solder – points of metal on the base of a bulb which allow electricity to
flow into the bulb.
Static electricity – a movement of electrons from one point to another by
jumping.
Switch – a device made to control the on and off motion of electrons
through a conductor.
Voltage (Volts) – a difference in potential in a circuit that causes
electrons to move from one place to another, measured in units called
volts. Voltage is supplied by a battery in a circuit.
Wire supports – wires that hold the filament in a bulb, and allow
electricity to reach the filament