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Rock Types Quiz Study Guide
Objectives
 E.SE.06.41 Compare and contrast the formation of rock types (igneous, metamorphic, and
sedimentary) and demonstrate the similarities and differences using the rock cycle model.
Know the following terms and be able to identify examples of each:
 weathering – the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth’s Surface
into smaller pieces
 erosion – carrying weathered rocks and sediment from one place to another
 deposition – the dropping of sediment/rocks in another place following weathering and
erosion
 sediment – earth materials deposited by erosion; small, solid pieces of materials that come
from rocks or organisms
 rock – a solid mixture of minerals and other materials
 igneous rock – a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the
surface
 metamorphic rock – a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat,
pressure or chemical reactions
 sedimentary rock – a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains
of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
 rock cycle – a series of process on the surface and inside Earth that slowly changes rocks
from one kind to another
 cooling – when this happens to magma or lava, igneous rock forms
 cementation – when particles of sediment dry and stick together
 melting – when heat is added this happens & the state of matter is altered
 compaction – the process that presses sediments together
 heat/pressure – these two processes work together to form metamorphic rock
Main ideas to understand:
 All rocks are similar because they are made of minerals
 There are three different types of rocks and they are different because of the way in which
they are formed.
o Igneous – form from melted rock and minerals that have cooled and hardened
o Metamorphic – formed by intense heat and pressure and chemical reactions
o Sedimentary – formed from rocks and soil that have been pressed and cemented
together
 The rock cycle is a process of natural changes that cause one type of rock to become
another type of rock.
Rocks Review