Download Unit 4 Exam

Unit 4 Exam
EXAM
Name
Date
Class
Part I: Multiple Choice
1. A hot plate of pasta is left untouched for an hour and cools down
to the temperature of the room. The pasta cools because
a) pasta does not hold heat energy very well.
b) its thermal energy is destroyed by an interaction with
the room.
c) the room transfers cold energy to the spaghetti.
d) heat energy is transferred from warmer to cooler objects.
2. Which of the following statements about heat energy is TRUE?
a) Transferring heat energy to a substance always changes the temperature of
the substance.
b) Heat energy and cold energy are two names for the same type of energy.
c) Heat energy is transferred from warmer objects to cooler objects.
d) Warmer objects take heat energy away from cooler objects.
3. Suppose you were designing a fan. Your job is to make a fan with
high energy efficiency. In order to get the greatest efficiency, which
kind of energy should be maximized?
a) the thermal energy of the fan
b) the sound generated by the fan
c) the electrical energy input to the fan
d) the motion energy of the fan blades
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4. Caroline puts a small piece of dry ice in a jar and
then seals the jar so that nothing can get in or out.
She measures the start mass of the jar. She then
places the jar in the Sun. After an hour, the dry
ice has become carbon dioxide gas.
When Caroline measures the end mass of the
jar, will she find that the mass has increased,
decreased, or stayed the same?
a) increased
b) decreased
c) stayed the same
d) There is no way to predict this.
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UNIT 4 INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
(Questions 5–6) Refer to the following situation.
thermometer
Samantha’s family has a birdbath that always freezes in the winter.
On a warm day in March, the ice in the birdbath starts to melt.
5. How does the thermal energy of the melting ice change while the
ice is melting?
a) The thermal energy stays the same.
b) The thermal energy increases.
c) The thermal energy decreases.
d) There is not enough information to answer the question.
6. How does the stored phase energy of the melting ice change while the ice is melting?
a) The stored phase energy stays the same.
b) The stored phase energy increases.
c) The stored phase energy decreases.
d) There is not enough information to answer the question.
7. The Conservation of Mass-Energy Law is true because
a) many powerful scientists think it is true.
b) in most experiments, the total amount of mass and energy is conserved.
c) It is not true, but it is sometimes useful in explaining experiments.
d) in all experiments performed so far, the total amount of mass and energy combined
is conserved.
8. What are the two interaction types that involve a transfer of heat energy?
a) heat-conduction and infrared-radiation interactions
b) electric-circuit and friction interactions
c) friction and heat-conduction interactions
d) light and electric-circuit interactions
9. Which of the following systems is a closed system for mass?
b) A closed bottle of lemonade being shaken by a girl. The system is the bottle
of lemonade.
c) A boy drinking a cold can of soda. The system is the boy.
d) A pool full of kids swimming and playing, with several kids jumping into or climbing
out of the pool. The system is the pool.
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UNIT 4: INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
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a) A boiling pot of soup on a hot electric burner. The system is the pot of soup.
Unit 4 Exam
10. Warm sodas are packed into an ice-filled cooler. The cooler is closed. Before the ice melts,
which energy diagram below best describes the interaction between the soda and the ice in
the cooler?
a)
Source
Soda
Receiver
Heat
Energy
Decreases in
thermal energy
c)
Source
Ice
Increases in
thermal energy
Source
Ice
Ice
Increases in
thermal energy
Increases in
thermal energy
Receiver
Cold
Energy
b)
d)
Receiver
Heat
Energy
Decreases in
thermal energy
Source
Soda
Ice
Decreases in
thermal energy
Decreases in
thermal energy
Soda
Receiver
Cold
Energy
Soda
Increases in
thermal energy
11. From the situations below, choose the one that describes an infrared radiation interaction.
a) A boy packs a snowball with his bare hands. There is an interaction between the
snow and the hands.
b) On a cold winter day, a puppy snuggles up against his mother for warmth.
There is an interaction between the puppy and the mother.
c) On a clear winter day, a girl takes off her heavy winter jacket to bask in the Sun.
There is an interaction between the Sun and the girl.
d) A beginning skier falls down on a beginner run, and feels a chill from the snow.
There is an interaction between the skier and the snow.
12. Ali enjoys playing with a model blimp that flies when filled
with helium gas. Before inflating the model blimp, Ali puts
the blimp on a balance and measures a mass of 400 g. The
helium tank Ali uses to fill the blimp is 10 g lighter after the
blimp is filled. What is the blimp’s mass when it is inflated?
a) When the blimp is inflated, it has zero mass.
b) When the blimp is inflated, it has a mass of 390 g.
helium gas
c) When the blimp is inflated, it still has a mass of 400 g.
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d) When the blimp is inflated, it has a mass of 410 g.
13. Jennifer wraps her arms around a soft beachball
and gives it a tight squeeze. The ball does not have
any leaks. How does the mass of the ball change
when Jennifer squeezes it?
a) The mass of the ball decreases.
b) The mass of the ball increases.
c) The mass of the ball stays the same.
d) There is no way to tell what happens to the mass.
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UNIT 4 INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
14. Machines like car engines always have a wasted energy output. What kind of output energy
is wasted?
a) heat energy
b) mechanical energy
c) thermal energy
d) electrical energy
(Questions 15–17) Refer to the following situation
Dr. Angela Gutierrez places a tank of oxygen gas in a super-cold freezing unit, where she leaves it
until the gas becomes a solid. She keeps track of the temperature of the oxygen in the tank and
plots this cooling curve.
1
130
140
150
Temperature ( C)
160
170
2
180
3
190
200
210
4
220
230
5
6
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
Time (min)
15. What is happening to the oxygen during the time interval between (2) and (3)?
a) The temperature of gaseous oxygen is decreasing.
b) Gaseous oxygen is becoming a liquid.
c) The temperature of liquid oxygen is decreasing.
d) Liquid oxygen is becoming a solid.
16. What is happening to the oxygen during the time interval between (3) and (4)?
a) The temperature of gaseous oxygen is decreasing.
c) The temperature of liquid oxygen is decreasing.
d) Liquid oxygen is becoming a solid.
17. At what temperature does oxygen become a solid?
a) –183⬚C
b) –218⬚C
c) –230⬚C
d) None of these are correct.
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UNIT 4: INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
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b) Gaseous oxygen is becoming a liquid.
Unit 4 Exam
(Questions 18–20) Refer to the following situation.
A fluorescent light bulb is illuminated in an electric circuit.
18. Using the energy diagram below, find the amount of light energy transferred in this interaction.
Light energy transfer
to eye/surroundings
( ______units)
Elec. energy transfer
to fluorescentlamp
(100 units)
Fluorescent
lamp
Heat energy transfer
to surroundings
(67 units)
Increases in
thermal energy
(13 units)
a) 180 units
b) 33 units
c) 20 units
d) None of these are correct.
19. Which idea is used to answer the last question?
a) The Law of Conservation of Energy
b) Mass Conservation
c) Volume is not always conserved.
d) Unavoidable Heat Energy Transfer
20. For the same amount of energy input, an incandescent light bulb gives off more infrared
radiation and becomes warmer than a fluorescent lamp. Which light source has a greater
efficiency?
a) the incandescent light bulb
b) the fluorescent lamp
c) Both light sources would have the same efficiency.
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d) There is not enough information to compare their efficiencies.
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UNIT 4 INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
Part II: Writing an Explanation
Use How To Write an Analysis and Explanation to help you answer the following problems. In
your analyses, you should draw energy diagrams. Check that your analysis and explanation are
good using the criteria in How To Evaluate an Analysis and Explanation.
21. On a cold winter morning, you heat up some water in a pot on a
stove burner to make hot tea. After a few minutes of heating, the
water boils and steam (water vapor) rises up out of the pot.
What happens to the temperature of the water as it boils?
Analysis:
Energy Diagram:
Explanation:
22. After driving to the auto parts store, Scott and his Uncle Richard
open up the car’s hood to prepare to change the car’s oil. Scott
leans into the area above the engine and feels that the engine is
hot without touching it. Why does the engine feel hot to Scott?
Analysis:
Explanation:
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UNIT 4: INTERACTIONS AND CONSERVATION
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Energy Diagram:
Unit 4 Exam
Part III: Learning About Questions
23. Which group of energy resources below lists only renewable resources?
a) natural gas, geothermal, solar, coal
b) wind, water, oil, natural gas, geothermal
c) biomass, wind, water, geothermal, solar
d) oil, natural gas, coal, uranium, biomass
e) solar, wind, water, uranium, coal
24. Which of the statements below about energy resources is true?
a) Nonrenewable energy resources can be replaced within a human lifetime.
b) There are only limited supplies of renewable energy resources.
c) Humans can use any energy resource without risk of damaging the environment.
d) Coal and nuclear power plants transform the energy stored in coal and uranium into
electrical energy.
e) Biomass is not used to generate electricity in the United States.
25. Which of the statements below about galaxies is false?
a) Astronomers put galaxies into three categories based on shape: spiral, elliptical,
and irregular.
b) About 90% of all galaxies are large galaxies like the Milky Way, rather than dwarf
galaxies like the Small Magellanic Cloud.
c) Galaxies are found in clusters ranging in size from a few dozen galaxies to thousands
of galaxies.
d) The Milky Way Galaxy is a spiral galaxy, just like the Andromeda Galaxy.
e) The universe contains hundreds of billions of galaxies.
26. Which two factors determine a star’s luminosity?
a) size and temperature
b) color and mass
c) density and color
d) mass and size
e) temperature and density
27. Which object below would reflect nearly all the light in a beam of white light?
a) a red apple
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b) a black wolf
c) a white poodle
d) a purple plum
e) a field of green grass
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