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Computer Lab Activities Neurotransmission and the Nervous System Name ______________________ Date _____________ Class Period______ INSTRUCTIONS: Go to Google and type in “Neurotransmitters” Click on the 2 nd link “Neurons for Kids – Neurotransmitters” 1) Look at the diagram (with the green background) at the top of the page and read the description of neurotransmission to the right of it. Describe how the following terms are applied to the neurotransmission process: a. Neurotransmitters – __________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. Synapse – __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ c. Depolarization - _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 2) Scroll to the bottom of the screen and click on “Exploring the Nervous System”. On the next page, click on the link “The Neuron” in the top box. ON the next page, click on the “Gallery of Neurons.” a. Note the various microscopic images of these pictures which show what neurons look like under a microscope. b. If you want to, you can vote for your favorite neuron and then find out the current survey results. 3) Click on the prior page. In the same section you were just in, under the heading, “The Neuron”, click on the link, “Lights, Camera, Action Potential” and then answer the following questions: a. What is the term that is mentioned that describes an electrically charged chemical? ___________________________________________________ b. Is the electrical current polarized or depolarized during the action potential? ___________________________________________________ 4) Click back to the prior page. Under the heading, “Higher Functions,” scroll down to “Chocolate and the Nervous System.” And click on the link. Answer the following questions from the University of Michigan study: a. Why does consuming chocolate create a sense of well-being? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. What neurotransmitter is produced in the brain when chocolate is consumed? __________________________________________________ c. How is the sense of well-being that is created by consuming chocolate different from that created by marijuana use? (Have a clinical explanation for this response.) ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 5) Click back to the prior page. Click on the link for “Smart Drugs.” Read through this page that includes information about the possibility that drugs may some day be used to help with memory and thinking processes and then answer the following: a. What is your opinion about the possibility that chemicals could actually change our thinking and learning capabilities? (Be sure to read the research on this one!) ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. What two drugs have been approved to treat Alzheimer’s disease? ___________________________________________________ c. What is the chemical explanation for how these drugs work? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 6) On this same page, scroll down to the bottom of the screen and give a brief, but opinionated response to the following questions: a. Question 3 _________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. Question 5 _________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ c. Questions 7 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ d. Question 10 ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 7) Click back one page and click on the link for “caffeine.” On this page that comes up, answer the following question: a. How much coffee consumption is a fatal dose? ___________________________________________________ 8) Look at the charts showing the caffeine content of various drinks, foods, and over-the-counter drugs. Answer the following: a. How does the caffeine content of a five ounce cup of decaffeinated coffee compare with a box of Raisenets? ___________________________________________________ b. Excedrein with twelve ounce Mountain Dew? ___________________________________________________ c. Eight Ounce Cherry Coca-Cola with Starbucks Coffee Ice Cream? ___________________________________________________ Computer Lab Activities The Human Brain Name ______________________ Date _____________ Class Period______ INSTRUCTIONS: Go to Google and type in “Neuroscience for Kids” Click on the 2nd link “Neurons for Kids – Exploring the Nervous System”. Scroll down to the section titled “Brain Basics” 9) Click on the site, “Lobes of the Brain”. For a review of the lobes, note the diagram on this page and the location of each lobal region. From the information provided, give a specific description of the functions of each lobe. a. Occipital Lobe – _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. Frontal Lobe– _______________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ c. Temporal Lobe - _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ d. Parietal Lobe - _______________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 10) Scroll to the bottom of the screen and find the section about Phineas Gage. Here you can see some pictures of his skull which is now on display at Harvard’s School of Medicine. Click on the link “more about poor Mr. Gage.” On the next page, click on the link, “Phineas Gage’s Story.” Here you can read the account of his accident including the newspaper account that was written in the papers at the time of the accident. a. What specific descriptions of Gage’s behavior and abilities after the accident verify his brain damage mostly affected the frontal lobe region? ________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 11) Click back three times to the page showing the “Brain Basics” section. Read the descriptions of the following brain areas and summarize their primary functions: a. The Cerebral Cortex (note the Latin derivative for the word “cortex”) - __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. The Cerebellum - ____________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ c. The Hypothalamus - __________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ d. The Thalamus - ______________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 12) Click back to the prior page. Under the heading, “Brain Basics,” click on the link “1 Brain or 2 Split Brain Experiments.” Scroll down to the section labeled, “Right Side-Left Side.” Read the information in this area and answer the following questions: a. What percentages of right-handed people show a left-side of the brain dominance for language? ___________________________________________________ b. What percentages of left-handed people show a left-side dominance for language? __________________________________________________ 13) Scroll down further on this page to the box with the picture showing a woman/man’s face. a. Which face would a split brain patient POINT to if asked to point to the normal face? ______________________________ b. With which hand? ____________________________________ c. Why would they point to that face given your knowledge now of the specializations of the two hemispheres? _____________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ d. When asked to VERBALIZE which face they see which one they say they see? ____________________________________ 14) Click back again to the prior page. Click on the link, “She Brains, He Brains.” Answer the following from the site: a. At birth, how much larger is a typical male brain compared to a female brain? _______________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. What has research shown so far about difference in intelligence and specialized abilities between men and women? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 15) Click back again to the prior page and click on the link, “Brain Size/Cerebral Cortex.” Look at the chart that compares the brain weight of various species and answer the following questions by calculating an approximate RATIO difference between the two species that are compared: a. The ratio difference between a cat and an owl? ___________________________________________________ b. Between a cat and a dog? ___________________________________________________ c. Between and elephant and a human? ___________________________________________________ d. What specific biological explanation is offered as to why brain weight by itself does not correlate with intelligence? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 16) Click back again one page. Click on the link, “What Became of Albert Einstein’s Brain.” Scroll down and read the THIRD research paper that was written about this. a. What unique physiological characteristics were noted about Einstein’s brain? ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ b. What were two problems with this research that were noted? ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 17) Return to Google. Type in “PET scans and schizophrenia.” Scroll down to link number 14 titled “Research in Schizophrenia” and click on this. Look at the diagrams and the information on this site. a. What is the difference between the schizophrenic brain and the “normal” brain? _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ b. What lobe region is showing a significant difference in activity? ___________________________________________________ c. Based on your knowledge of this lobe, what might this PET scan activity explain about schizophrenic behaviors that would result from this abnormality? ___________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 10) Go back to Google. Type in “EEGs and Brain Activity.” Go down to the 3rd link “7-2 Enrich: Sleep and Your Brain” and click on this. Read the article and look at the graphs on this page. Answer the three questions at the bottom on this page: d. 1 - ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ e. 2 - ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ f. 3 - ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
