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PROPAGANDA TECHNIQUES Propaganda may be defined as a deliberate attempt to persuade a person to accept a point of view or take a certain action. Politicians use propaganda to try to convince voters to support them and their ideas. Some of the propaganda techniques used to influence people include: 1. GLITTERING GENERALITIES Using words which sound good, but really don’t say much; nothing specific is said; using catchy slogans. EXAMPLES: Candidates claim to believe in “freedom,” “equality,” “justice,” etc.; slogans such as “The Education President,” “A candidate from the grassroots.” 2. CARD STACKING Telling only one side of the story, either all the good or all the bad things about a candidate or product. EXAMPLES: Brochure listing all of the positive achievements of a candidate or recounts a list of what are called “unwise votes” of the opponent. 3. JUST PLAIN FOLKS Pretending to be “one of the folks.” EXAMPLES: Politicians playing with young children on a playground, referring to small town values, wearing boots if appearing in Texas, aloha shirt and leis in Hawaii and using the shaka sign, etc. 4. NAME CALLING Unpleasant names branded on an individual or a group or an idea; labeling a person or his views as not worthwhile without examining the facts; name calling is often entirely false. EXAMPLES: Using words such as “crook,” racist,” “un-American,” or calling an idea “foolish,” “hogwash,” “ridiculous,” etc. 5. BANDWAGON The “everybody’s doing it” approach; tries to convince you to support a winner. EXAMPLES: Candidates release polls showing them far ahead of their opposition; candidates refer to themselves as “frontrunners.” 6. TRANSFER Associating something respected with a candidate or product, trying to transfer the respect to the candidate or product; includes using symbols. EXAMPLES: Using patriotic symbols (red, white and blue; stars and stripes), using pictures of historical figures in campaign literature (Washington, Lincoln, Martin Luther King).