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Important tips Before starting periodontal treatment it is necessary to inform the patient about disease and how to maintain proper level of oral hygiene. Motivation and patient collaboration is as important as periodontal treatment itself. The goal of periodontal therapy is eliminating and preventing recurrence of superficial and deep- placed bacterial plaque around the teeth. The purpose of therapy is control of existing infection and stopping progression of the disease. The most important thing in treating periodontal disease is a good oral hygiene. The best treatment for your smile! In maintaining their oral hygiene patients must include mouthwashes, dental floss, interdental brushes, and good technique of brushing. Periodontitis What can I do for my oral health? Poliklinika Šlaj-Anić dentistry & dermatology Štoosova 26, 10000 Zagreb tel. +385 1 23 00 888 fax.+385 1 23 00 988 www.slaj-anic.com [email protected] www.facebook.com/poliklinikaslajanic Periodontitis Periodontitis is a serious infection that damages the soft tissue and bone supporting the tooth. The main cause of periodontal disease is plaque. Plaque is a sticky, thick cluster of bacteria, food debris and dead cells on the teeth. Plaque builds up on the teeth if patient’s oral hygiene is not adequate. Presence of plaque causes inflammation of the gums. If plaque is not removed for extended period time it will become mineralized and transform into calculus. Buildup of plaque is more pronounced on tooth surface that is already covered with calculus, making irritation of the gums greater. Gums react to buildup of dental plaque and tartar with inflammation. Bleeding, swelling and redness can be visible. If inflammation of the gums lasts for extended period of time the fibers holding the tooth to the bone can be destroyed. This leads to the formation of periodontal pockets. The environment in deep pockets is fertile ground for growth of bacteria and for plaque accumulation, both of them enabling disease progression all the way to the bone. In addition to the plaque other factors can influence the periodontitis: overlapping fillings, crowns and bridges, smoking, systemic diseases (uncontrolled diabetes), and genetic predisposition. It is very important to have regular dental checkups. The sooner we recognize the signs of periodontitis, the easier it is to treat it. Periodontitis signs and symptoms 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. pain in teeth and gums bleeding when brushing and flossing teeth inflamed (swollen and red) gums bad breath (Halitosis) gums recede, making teeth look longer loose teeth rotation, movement and bending of individual teeth Stages of disease Periodontal treatment and therapy • Healthy gums - in healthy mouth the teeth are surrounded by pink gums that firmly adhere to the tooth. 1. Instruction in oral hygiene - brushing methods, types of tooth brushes, the use or dental floss, interdental brushes, mouthwash, waterpik, etc. • Gingivitis - inflammation of the gums. The first symptoms are redness and bleeding. It all starts from the accumulation of plaque (deposits of bacteria) around the tooth due to neglecting good oral hygiene. 2. Removal of supragingival (above the gum line) and accessible subgingival (below the gum line) bacterial plaque and calculus with ultrasonic instruments and polishing. 3. Scaling and root planning - this treatment procedure involves the removal of tartar, bacterial plaque and toxins from affected root surface and surrounding soft tissue. The treatment is usually carried out in four visits under local anesthesia. In most cases the initial phase of periodontal treatment is sufficient to keep the disease under control but sometimes the surgical therapy is required. • Periodontitis - an infection that affects the bone and fibers that support the teeth and it can lead to tooth loss. The periodontal disease is caused by millions of bacteria that live in our mouth. Periodontitis is one of the most common reasons for bone and tooth loss. Periodontitis is a disease that is often characterized with mild symptoms so most people notice it when it is too late.