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GEOGRAPHY: CHAPTER 5: STUDY GUIDE Definitions Aquaculture: fish farming Blizzard: snow storm, 3 hours of More than 35 mph wind Chaparral: Dense Forest, shrubs and short trees Chinook: Warm dry wind blows down the Rockies in early spring Contiguous: connected Divide: high point, ridge determines which way water flows Fall line: where the land drops to the coast, Waterfalls used for power Florida Everglades: rich vegetation and many animals Great Plains: central lowlands to Mississippi Headwaters: where a river starts Hurricane: ocean storm, winds 100 miles wide Rain Shadow Effect: causes areas of dry because of the mountains Steppe Climate: transitional between dry and humid Supercell: heavy thunderstorm that can start a tornado Timberline: point where trees stop growing Tributary: small streams or rives that develop from a river Section 1 Where is the Grand Banks? What are they know for?: off the coast of Canada, known for fishing What/where is the Piedmont?: goes to Atlantic Plain, drops into rapids and waterfalls on the fall line What is the Continental Divide?: in the Rockies (same as Great Divide What is the Great Divide?: marks if a river flows to the Gulf of Mexico or Pacific ocean Where do rivers flow to west of the Continental Divide? The Pacific How were the Great Lakes formed? Glaciers carved basins out of bedrock What causes climate regions to vary? Elevation and latitude How does a tornado develop? From a supercell What mountain ranges are included in the Pacific Ranges? Alaskan, Sierra Nevada, Cascade Formed by collision of tectonic plates Why is the Columbia Plateau dry? Rain shadow effect What/where is the Canadian Shield? Eastern Canada (Northeast of U.S.) Why is the Great Lakes—St. Lawrence Seaway system important? Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa grew around this area. Links the Great Lakes and Atlantic Which river drains much of Canada’s northern interior? Mackenzie What is the Colorado Plateau? From the Colorado River-Grand Canyon What kind of island is Hawaii? Volcanic Where is the Mississippi headwaters located? Minnesota Which river forms part of the border between the U.S. and Canada? St. Lawrence From west to east order the Rocky Mountains, Central Lowlands, Appalachian Mountains, Pacific Ranges and Great Plains. Pacific Ranges, Rocky Mountains, Great Plains, Central Lowlands, Appalachian Mountains What is the Great Basin? Death Valley the lowest point in the U.S. Why are lakes and rivers important resources? Cities grew up around them, shipping, transportation Where is Mt. McKinley? Alaska Range Highest point in North America What is the lowest point of the U.S.? in the Great Basin, Death Valley Describe the Appalachian Mountains. North America’s oldest mountain range, in the southeast U.S. Section 2 What climate is characteristic of the northeastern U.S.? Humid Continental Name the common native plants of the Great Plains. Tall grasses What was the Dust Bowl? What caused it? A drought in the Great Plains, Famers broke up the dirt to grow crops and that made the soil weak Where would you most likely find a Mediterranean climate? Along coastal areas What type of climate is in large parts of Canada and Alaska? subarctic What is the cause of the highland climate of the Rockies and pacific Ranges? elevation What is the affect of the high atmospheric pressure area over the Canadian subarctic? Cold winds affect the U.S. in the winter What area in the contiguous U.S. has a tropical climate with a distinct dry season? Southeastern Florida What kind of vegetation is in the marine west coast climate from northern California to southern Alaska? Ferns, mosses, coniferous forests What is the climate like in the Great Plains? Why? Bitter winter, Hot summer, far from the ocean What are the climate and vegetation like in the high elevations and far northern latitudes? Always cold, little vegetation.