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Download Early Greece – Unit 2 General Events: c.1184 BCE Fall of Troy 1100
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Early Greece – Unit 2 General Events: c.1184 BCE 1100 1000 800-700 776 c.775 750-600 c. 590 546 510 490 480 479 Fall of Troy Collapse of the Mycenean Empire Development of Iron Age culture at Athens Greeks begin colonizing in East and Italy First Olympic Games First Greek colony in Italy founded at Pithekoussai Greeks found colonies throughout Mediterranean, from Egypt to Black Sea Solon reforms Athenian constitution Rule of Pisistratus begins growth of Athenian power; Persian Empire expands to take over Greek colonies in Asia Minor Restoration of Democracy at Athens Start of the Persian Wars; forces of King Darius defeated at Marathon Xerxes leads a second expedition against Greece; Wins Battle of Thermopylae and sacks Athens; Greeks defeat Persians decisively at Salamis Greek victories at Plataea and mycale end Persian Wars Literature and Philosophy: c. 900-700 8th cent. c. 700 c. 650 early 6th cent. 6th cent. c. 540-480 late 6th cent. after 525 c. 475 c. 440 Evolution of Homeric epics Iliad and Odyssey Hesiod, Works and Days and Theogony Greeks adapt Phoenician alphabet for their own language Archilochus, earliest Greek lyric poet, active Sappho, Poems Development of Presocratic schools of philosophy: Materialists, Pythagoreans, Dualists, Atomists Heraclitus of Ephasus teaches his theory of “impermanence” Playwriting competition begins First official version of Homeric epics written Parmenides writes on his theory of knowledge Herodotus begins his History of the Persian Wars Art: 1000-900 900-700 8th cent. c. 650 late 7th cent. c. 600 c. 550 c, 540 c. 530 c. 525 late 6th cent. c. 490 Protogeometric pottery decoration: bold circular shapes similar to Mycenean motifs Geometric pottery decoration: linear designs of zigzags, triangles, diamonds, meanders Geometric pottery incorporates stylized human figure in painted design; Dipylon amphora Large freestanding sculpture evolves Orientalizing styles in vase painting; Corinthian aryballos New York Kouros; Athenians develop narrative style in black-figure vase painting; increased naturalism in Greek art. Calf-Bearer Peplos Kore Anavysos Kouros Exekias, Suicide of Ajax, amphora Red-figure style of vase painting introduced; Euphronios Vase, krater Critian Boy; turning point between Archaic and Classical periods Architecture: c. 600 c. 550 Form of Doric temple fully established, derived from early wooden structures; Temple of Hera at Olympia Basilica at Paestum c. 540 c. 500 5th cent. Temple of Apollo at Corinth Temple of Aphaia, Aegina First widespread use of Ionic order Music: 7th cent. c. 675 586 c. 550 late 5th cent. Early music primarily vocal with instrumental accompaniment; use of flute and simple lyre popular Development of aulos (double flute), used to accompany songs Terpander of Lesbos introduces cithara (kithara) Sacadas of Argos composes first known purely instrumental work for performance on aulos at Pythian Games in Delphi Pythagoras discovers numerical relationship of music harmonies and our modern musical scales Earliest surviving fragment of Greek music
