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South Pasadena • AP Chemistry
Name ____________________________________
Period ___ Date ___/___/___
5 • Reactions in Aqueous Solution
STUDY QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
1. Classify each of the following solutes as a strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte, or nonelectrolyte:
sugar
sodium hydroxide
common salt (NaCl)
hydrochloric acid
alcohol
copper sulfate
acetic acid
carbonic acid
2. Predict the solubility of the following salts:
sodium sulfate
potassium chromate
silver bromide
nickel (II) hydroxide
aluminum nitrate
barium sulfide
ammonium acetate
strontium iodide
3. Write the ions that are produced when the following substances dissolve in water:
Mg(OH)2
K2 SO4
NaHCO3
(NH4 ) 3 PO4
NaClO
4. Predict whether or not the following reactions will lead to a precipitate. Write detailed and net ionic
equations for all the reactions.
a. potassium chromate and lead acetate
b. silver perchlorate and ammonium chloride
c. potassium carbonate and copper acetate
d. sodium fluoride and magnesium iodide
e. barium nitrate and potassium sulfate
5.Write the overall chemical reaction, the detailed ionic equation, and the net ionic equation, for the following
acid-base reactions:
a. acetic acid and potassium hydroxide
b. hydrocyanic acid and ammonia
c. nitric acid and sodium hydroxide
d. sulfuric acid and ammonia (1:1 mole ratio)
e. carbonic acid and sodium hydroxide (1:2 mole ratio)
6. Write equations for, and classify, the following reactions:
a. nitric acid and cobalt (II) carbonate
b. sodium sulfate and barium nitrate
c. ammonia and acetic acid
d. hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate
e. sodium hydroxide and nickel carbonate
f. lead acetate and hydrochloric acid
g. iron (III) nitrate and sodium hydroxid e
7. Assign oxidation numbers to the underlined atoms in the following compounds:
a. NO3e. SO2
b. ClF3
f. K2 Cr2 O7
c. NaH2 PO4
g. Cu(NO3 ) 2
d. NaClO4
h. K2 S2 O3
8. In the following reactions determine which element is oxidized, which element is reduced, which reactant is
the reducing agent, and which reactant is the oxidizing agent:
a. N2 H4 (aq) + 2O2 (g) → N2 (g) + 2H2 O(g)
b. 3Cl2 (g) + NaI(aq) + 3H2 O(l) → 6HCl(aq) + NaIO 3 (aq)
9. Determine whether the following reactions are acid-base reactions or oxidation-reduction reactions:
a. 2N2 O(g) + 3O2 (g) → 4NO2 (g)
b. 2NO2 (g) + H2 O(l) → HNO2 (aq) + HNO3 (aq)
c. MgCO3 (s) + H2 SO4 (aq) → MgSO4 (s) + H2 O(l) + CO2 (g)
d. Cu(s) + CuCl2 (aq) +2Cl-(aq) → 2[CuCl2 ]-(s)
e. HNO3 (aq) + KOH(aq) → KNO 3 (aq) +H2 O(l)
10. a. If 5.00 grams of sodium hydroxide is dissolved to make 600 mL of solution, what is its molarity?
b. How much potassium chloride has to be dissolved in water to produce 2.0 liters of a 2.45 M solution?
c. If 24.63 grams of magnesium chloride is dissolved to make exactly 3 liters of solution calculate the
concentrations of the ions in the solution (in moles/liter).
11. a. What is the molarity of the solution that results from adding 25 mL of a 0.15 M solution of sodium
hydroxide to sufficient water to make 500 mL of solution?
b. What volume of a 2.50 M solution of hydrochloric acid is required to prepare 2.0 liters of a 0.30 M
solution?
12. When excess silver nitrate was added to a 25.0 mL sample of a solution of calcium chloride, 0.9256 gram of
silver chloride precipitated. What is the concentration of the calcium chloride solution?
13. What volume of a 0.291 M solution of NaOH is required to reach the equivalence point in a titration against
25.0 mL of a 0.350 M HCl?
14. KHP (potassium hydrogen phthalate KHC 8 H4 O4 ) is often used as a primary standard for sodium hydroxide
standardization:
HC8 H4 O4 -(aq) + OH-(aq) → C8 H4O42-(aq) + H2 O(l)
If a 0.4856 gram sample of KHP is dissolved in sufficient water to prepare 250 mL of solution, and 25 mL
of the solution requires 18.76mL of sodium hydroxide solution to reach the equivalence point, what is the
molarity of the sodium hydroxide?