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Prefixes and suffixes
The following is an alphabetical list of medical prefixes and suffixes, along with their
meanings, origin, and an English example.
A
Prefix or
suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
a-, an-
Denotes an absence of
Ancient Greek ἀ-/ἀν(a-/an-), without, not
Apathy, Analgia
ab-
away from
Latin
Abduction
abdomin(o)-
Of or relating to the
Abdomen
Latin (abdōmen),
abdomen, fat around the Abdomen
belly
-ac
pertaining to
Greek -ακός (-akos)
acanth(o)-
thorn or spine
Ancient Greek ἄκανθα
acanthocyte
(akantha), thorn
acous(io)-
Of or relating to
hearing
Greek ἀκουστικός
(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
acr(o)-
extremity, topmost
Greek ἄκρον (akron),
Acromegaly
highest or farthest point
hearing
Greek ἀκουστικός
(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
-acusis
cardiac
-ad
toward, in the direction
of
ad-
increase, adherence,
motion toward, very
Latin
aden(o)-,
aden(i)-
Of or relating to a
gland
Ancient Greek ἀδήν,
ἀδέν- (adēn, aden-), an Adenology
acorn; a gland
adip(o)-
Of or relating to fat or
Latin (adeps, adip-), fat Adipocyte
fatty tissue
adren(o)-
Of or relating to
adrenal glands
-aemia (BrE) blood condition
dorsad
Latin
Adduction
adrenal artery
Greek ἀναιμία, without
Anaemia
blood
aer(o)-
air, gas
Greek ἀήρ, ἀέρος
Aerosinusitis
aesthesio(BrE)
sensation
Greek αἴσθησις
Anesthesia
-al
pertaining to
Latin -alis
abdominal
alb-
Denoting a white or
pale color
Latin albus, white
Albino
alge(si)-
pain
Greek ἄλγος
Analgesic
-algia
pain
Greek
Myalgia
alg(i)o-
pain
Greek
Myalgia
allo-
Denoting something as
Ancient Greek ἄλλος
different, or as an
(allos), another, other
addition
Alloantigen, allopathy
ambi-
Denoting something as
positioned on both
Latin (ambi-, ambo),
sides; Describing both both, on both sides
of two
Ambidextrous
amnio-
Pertaining to the
membraneous fetal sac Greek ἄμνιον
(amnion)
Amniocentesis
an-
not, without
Greek
Analgesia
ana-
back, again, up
Greek
Anaplasia
an(o)
anus
Latin
andr(o)-
pertaining to a man
Greek ἀνήρ, ἀνδρ-
Andrology, android
angi(o)-
blood vessel
Greek ἀγγεῖον
Angiogram
aniso-
Describing something
as unequal
Ancient Greek ἄνῑσος
(anīsos), unequal
Anisotropic
ankyl(o)-,
ancyl(o)-
Ancient Greek ἀγκύλος
Denoting something as
Ankylosis
(ankýlos), crooked,
crooked or bent
curved
ante-
Describing something
as positioned in front
of another thing
anti-
Describing something
Ancient Greek αντι
as 'against' or 'opposed
(anti), against
to' another
Antibody, antipsychotic
apo-
separated from,
derived from
Apoptosis
arch(i,e,o)
first, primitive
arteri(o)-
Of or pertaining to an
artery
arthr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek αρθρος
joints, limbs
(arthros), a joint, limb
Arthritis
articul(o)-
joint
Latin articulum
Articulation
-ary
pertaining to
Latin -arius
bilary tract
-ase
enzyme
Greek διάστασις,
division
Lactase
-asthenia
weakness
Greek, ἀσθένεια
Myasthenia gravis
atel(o)
imperfect or
incomplete
Latin (āntē), before, in
front of
Ancient Greek ἀπό
antepartum
archinephron : first
formed kidney
Ancient Greek ἀρτηρία
(artēría), a wind-pipe,
Artery, Arteriole
artery (used distinctly
versus a vein)
atelocardia : imperfect
development of the
development
heart
-ation
process
atri(o)-
an atrium (esp. heart
atrium)
atrioventricular
aur(i)-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (auris), the ear
ear
Aural
aut(o)-
self
aux(o)-
increase; growth
auxocardia : enlagement
of the heart
axill-
Of or pertaining to the
armpit [uncommon as Latin (axilla), armpit
a prefix]
Axilla
nitrogenous compound
azothermia : raised
temperature due to
nitrougenous substances
in blood
azo(to)
Latin
Greek αὐτο-
Autoimmune
[edit] B
Prefix/suffix
Origin language and
etymology
Meaning
Example(s)
balano-
Of the glans penis or
glans clitoridis
Greek βάλανος - balanos, acorn,
Balanitis
glans
bi-
twice, double
Latin
bio-
life
Ancient Greek βίος
Biology
blast(o)-
germ or bud
Greek βλαστός
Blastomere
blephar(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek βλέφαρον
eyelid
(blépharon), eyelid
brachi(o)-
Of or relating to the
arm
Latin (brachium), from Ancient
Brachium
Greek βραχίων (brachiōn), arm
brachy-
Indicating 'short' or
less commonly 'little'
Ancient Greek βραχύς
(brachys), short; little, shallow
brady-
Indicating 'slow'
Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradys),
Bradycardia
slow
bronch(i)-
bronchus
Bronchiolitis
obliterans
bucc(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (bucca), cheek
cheek
Buccolabial
burs(o)-
bursa
Bursitis
Latin
Blepharoplast
brachycephalic
[edit] C
Prefix/suffix
capill-
Meaning
Of or pertaining to
hair
Origin language and
etymology
Latin (capillus), hair
Example(s)
Capillus
capit-
Pertaining to the head
Latin (caput, capit-), the head
(as a whole)
carcin(o)-
cancer
cardi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek καρδία
heart
(kardía), heart
carp(o)-
Latin (carpus) < Ancient
Greek καρπός (karpós), wrist;
Of or pertaining to the
NOTE: This root should not be Carpopedal
wrist
confused with the mirror root
carp(o)- meaning fruit.
cata-
down, under
Greek κατά (kata)
Cataract
-cele
pouching, hernia
Ancient Greek κήλη (kēlē)
Hydrocele
-centesis
surgical puncture for
aspiration
Ancient Greek κέντησις
(kentēsis)
Amniocentesis
cephal(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek κεφαλή
head (as a whole)
(képhalē), the head
Cephalalgy
cerat(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek κέρας, κερατcornu; a horn
(kéras, kerat-), a horn
Ceratoid
cerebell(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (cerebellum), little brain Cerebellum
cerebellum
cerebr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (cerebrum), brain
brain
Greek καρκίνος (karkinos),
crab
Capitation
Carcinoma
Cardiology
Cerebrology
cervic-
Of or pertaining to the Latin (cervix, cervīc-), neck,
neck, the cervix
cervix
chem(o)-
chemistry, drug
chir(o)-,
cheir(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek χείρ, χειροhand
(cheir, cheiro-), hand
chlor(o)-
Denoting a green
color
Ancient Greek χλωρός
Chlorophyll
(chloros), green, yellow-green
chol(e)-
Of or pertaining to
bile
Ancient Greek χολή (cholē),
bile
Greek χημεία
Ancient Greek χοληκύστις
Of or pertaining to the (cholēkýstis), gallbladder <
cholecyst(o)gallbladder
χολή (cholē), bile, gall +
κύστις (kýstis), bladder
Cervicodorsal
Chemotherapy
Chiropractor
Cholaemia
Cholecystectomy
chondr(i)o-
cartilage, gristle,
granule, granular
Ancient Greek χονδρός
(chondros)
Chondrocalcinosis
chrom(ato)-
color
Ancient Greek χρῶμα
Hemachromatosis
-cidal, -cide
killing, destroying
Latin
cili-
Of or pertaining to the
< Latin (cilium), eyelash;
cilia, the eyelashes;
eyelid
eyelids
Ciliary
circum-
Denoting something
as 'around' another
Circumcision
Latin (circum), around
cis-
on this side
Latin (cis)
clast
break
Greek κλαστός
co-
with, together, in
association
Latin
col-, colo-,
colono-
colon
Colonoscopy
colp(o)-
Ancient Greek κόλπος
Of or pertaining to the
(kólpos), bosom, womb;
vagina
hollow, depth
Colposcopy
com-
with, together
Latin
contra
against
Latin
cor-
with, together
Latin
cor-, core-,
coro-
Of or pertaining to
eye's pupil
Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē),
girl, doll; pupil of the eye
cordi-
Of or pertaining to the
heart [Uncommon as Latin (cor, cordi-), heart
a prefix]
cornu-
Applied to processes
and parts of the body
describing them
likened or similar to
horns
Latin (cornū), horn
Contraindicate
Corectomy
Commotio cordis
cost(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (costa), rib
ribs
Costochondral
cox-
Of or relating to the
hip, haunch, or hipjoint
Coxopodite
crani(o)-
Latin (cranium) < Ancient
Belonging or relating Greek κρᾱνίον (krānion), the
to the cranium
cranium, skull, bones
enclosing the brain
Craniology
-crine
to secrete
Endocrine
cry(o)-
cold
Greek κρύος
Cryoablation
cutane-
skin
Latin
Subcutaneous
cyan(o)-
Denotes a blue color
Ancient Greek κύανος,
κυάνεος (kýanos, kyáneos),
blue
Cyanopsia
cycl-
circle, cycle
Greek κύκλος (kuklos)
cyph(o)-
Denotes something as
Ancient Greek κυφός
bent [uncommon as a
(kȳphós), bent, hunchback
prefix]
cyst(o)-,
cyst(i)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek κύστις (kýstis),
Cystotomy
urinary bladder
bladder; cyst
cyt(o)-
cell
Latin (coxa), hip
Greek κύτος
Cyphosis
Cytokine
-cyte
cell
Greek
Leukocyte
[edit] D
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
Greek δάκρυ
dacryo-
tear
dactyl(o)-
Ancient Greek
Of or pertaining to a finger, toe δάκτυλος (dáktylos),
finger, toe
de-
away from, cessation
Latin de-
dent-
Of or pertaining to teeth
Latin (dens, dentis),
tooth
dermat(o)-,
derm(o)-
Of or pertaining to the skin
Ancient Greek δέρμα,
δέρματ- (dérma,
Dermatology
démat-), skin, human
skin
-desis
binding
Greek δέσις (desis)
arthrodesis
dextr(o)-
right, on the right side
Latin dexter
Dextrocardia
di-
two
Greek δι-
di-
apart, separation
Latin
Dactylology
Dentist
dia-
(same as Greek meaning)
Ancient Greek διά
(diá), through, during, Diacetyl
across
dif-
apart, separation
Latin
digit-
Of or pertaining to the finger
[rare as a root]
Latin (digitus), finger,
Digit
toe
dis-
separation, taking apart
Latin dis-
Dissection
dors(o)-,
dors(i)-
Of or pertaining to the back
Latin (dorsum), back
dorsal,
Dorsocephalad
duodeno-
duodenum, twelve: upper part
of the small intestine (twelve
inches long on average),
connects to the stomach
Latin duodeni
Duodenal
atresia
dynam(o)-
force, energy, power
Greek δύναμις
(dunamis)
-dynia
pain
dys-
bad, difficult
Greek δυσ-
Dysphagia,
dysphasia
[edit] E
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
-eal
pertaining to
Latin
ec-
out, away
Greek ἐκ- (ek-)
ect(o)-
outer, outside
Greek ἐκτός
-ectasis
expansion, dilation
Ancient Greek ἔκτασις Bronchiectasis
-ectomy
Denotes a surgical
operation or removal of Ancient Greek ἐκτομή
a body part. Resection, (ectomē), excision
excision
-emesis
vomiting condition
Greek ἕμεσις
Hematemesis
-emia
blood condition (AmE)
Greek ἀν-αιμία,
without blood
Anemia
encephal(o)-
Ancient Greek
Of or pertaining to the
Encephalogram
ἐγκέφαλος
brain. Also see Cerebro.
(enképhalos), the brain
endo-
Denotes something as
'inside' or 'within'
Endocrinology,
Ancient Greek ἐνδο(endo-), inside, internal Endospore
enter(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
intestine
Ancient Greek ἔντερον
Gastroenterology
(énteron), intestine
epi-
[Same as Greek
meaning: on, upon]
Ancient Greek ἐπιEpistaxis, epicardium,
(epi-), before, upon, on,
episclera, epidural
outside, outside of
Ectopic pregnancy
Mastectomy
episi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
pubic region, the loins
Ancient Greek ἐπίσιονEpisiotomy
(epísion), the pubic
area, loins; vulva
erythr(o)-
Denotes a red color
Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός
Erythrocyte
(erythros), red
-esophageal, gullet (AmE)
esophago
Greek οἰσοφάγος
esthesio-
sensation (AmE)
Greek αἴσθησις
eu-
true, good, well, new
Greek
ex-
out of, away from
Latin
exo-
Denotes something as
'outside' another
Ancient Greek ἐξω(exo-), outside of,
external
extra-
outside
Latin
Eukaryote
Exoskeleton
[edit] F
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
faci(o)-
Of or pertaining to the face
fibr(o)
fiber
Origin language and
etymology
Latin (faciēs), the face,
countenance
Example(s)
Facioplegic
Fibroblast
filli-
fine, hair like
-form, iform
Used to form adjectives indicating Latin (forma), form,
'having the form of'
shape
front-
Of or pertaining to the forehead
Cuneiform
Latin (frōns, front-), the
forehead
Frontonasal
[edit] G
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Greek γάλα, γαλακτ-
Example(s)
galact(o)-
milk
gastr(o)-
Ancient Greek γαστήρ
Of or pertaining to the
(gastēr), γαστρ-,
Gastric bypass
stomach
stomach, belly
-gen
(1) Denotes the sense
Ancient Greek -γενής
'born in, from' (2)
(1) Endogen; (2)
(-genēs) < γεν-νάειν
Denotes the sense 'of a
Heterogenous
(gen-náein), to be born
certain kind'
-genic
Formative, pertaining
to producing
genu-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (genū), knee
knee
Genu valgum
gingiv-
Of or pertaining to the
Latin (gingīva), gum
gums
Gingivitis
Greek
Galactorrhea
Cardiogenic shock
Ancient Greek
γλαῦκος (glaúkos),
grey, bluish-grey
glauc(o)-
Denoting a grey,
bluish-grey color
gloss(o)-,
glott(o)-
Ancient Greek
Of or pertaining to the
Glossology
γλῶσσα, γλῶττα
tongue
(glōssa, glōtta), tongue
gluco-
glucose
glyco-
sugar
gnath(o)-
Of or pertaining to the Ancient Greek γνάθος
Gnathodynamometer
jaw
(gnáthos), jaw
-gnosis
knowledge
Greek
diagnosis, prognosis
gon(o)-
seed, semen; also,
reproductive
Ancient Greek γόνος
Gonorrhea
-gram
record or picture
Greek γράμμα
Angiogram
-graph
record or picture
Ancient Greek -γραφία
(-graphía), written,
Electrocardiograph
drawn, graphic
interpretation
-graphy
process of recording
gyn(aec)o(BrE), gyn(ec)o- woman
(AmE)
Greek γλυκός, sweet
Glaucoma
Glucocorticoid
Glycolysis
Angiography
Greek γυνή, γυναικ-
Gynecomastia
[edit] H
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
halluc-
to wander in mind
Classical Latin to
wander in mind
hemat-,
haemato(haem-, hem-)
Of or pertaining to
blood
Latin (hæma) < Ancient
Hematology, older
Greek αἵμα, αἱματform Haematology
(haima, haimat-), blood
hema or hemo-
blood (AmE)
Greek
Hematological
malignancy
hemi-
one-half
Ancient Greek ἡμι(hēmi-), "half"
Cerebral
hemisphere
Of or pertaining to the
hepat- (hepatic-)
liver
Hallucinosis
Ancient Greek ἥπαρ,
ἡπατο- (hēpar, hēpato-), Hepatology
the liver
heter(o)-
Denotes something as Ancient Greek ἕτερος
'the other' (of two), as (héteros), the other (of Heterogeneous
an addition, or different two), another; different
hidr(o)-
sweat
Greek ἱδρωτ-
Hyperhidrosis
hist(o)-, histio-
tissue
Greek ἱστός
Histology
home(o)-
similar
Ancient Greek ὅμοιος
(homoios)
Homeopathy
hom(o)-
Denotes something as Ancient Greek ὁμο'the same' as another or (homo-), the same,
common
common
Homosexuality
humer(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
shoulder (or [rarely]
the upper arm)
Incorrect Etymology <
Latin (umerus),
shoulder
Humerus
hydr(o)-
water
Greek ὕδωρ
Hydrophobe
hyper-
Denotes something as
'extreme' or 'beyond
normal'
Ancient Greek ὑπέρ
(hyper), over, above;
beyond, to the extreme
Hypertension
hyp(o)-
Denotes something as
'below normal'
Ancient Greek ὑπ(ο)(hypo-), below, under
Hypovolemia,
hyster(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
womb, the uterus
Ancient Greek ὑστέρα
(hystéra), womb
Hysterectomy
[edit] I
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language
and etymology
Greek -ίασις
Example(s)
-i-asis
condition
iatr(o)-
Of or pertaining to medicine, or a Ancient Greek
physician [uncommon as a prefix; ἰᾱτρός (iātrós),
common as as suffix, see -iatry]
healer, physician
Iatrochemistry
-iatry
Denotes a field in medicine of a
certain body component
Podiatry,
Psychiatry
Ancient Greek
ἰᾱτρός (iātrós),
Mydriasis
healer, physician
-ic
pertaining to
Greek -ικός (-ikos)
Hepatic artery
-icle
small
Latin
Ovarian follicle
-ics
organized knowledge, treatment
Latin -ica < Greek <
-ικά
idio-
self, one's own
Greek ἴδιος, idios,
"one's own"
Idiopathic
ileo-
ileum
Greek ἰλεός
Ileocecal valve
infra-
below
Latin
Infrahyoid
muscles
inter-
between, among
Latin
Interarticular
ligament
intra-
within
Latin
Intracranial
hemorrhage
irid(o)-
iris
Greek ἴρις
Iridectomy
ischio-
Ancient Greek
Of or pertaining to the ischium, the
ἰσχιόν (ischión),
hip-joint
hip-joint, ischium
Ischiorrhogic
-ism
condition, disease
Dwarfism
-ismus
spasm, contraction
Greek -ισμός
iso-
Denoting something as being
'equal'
Ancient Greek ἴσος
Isotonic
(ísos), equal
-ist
one who specializes in
Greek -ιστής (-istes) Pathologist
-ite
the nature of, resembling
Greek -ίτης
-itis
inflammation
Tonsillitis
-ium
structure, tissue
pericardium
isch-
Restriction
Greek ἴσχω
Hermaphrodite
Ischemia
[edit] K
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
karyo-
nucleus
Greek κάρυον, "nut"
Eukaryote
kerat(o)-
cornea (eye or
skin)
Greek
Keratoscope
kin(e)-, kin(o),
kinesi(o)-
movement
Greek κινέω
Kinesthesia
koil(o)-
hollow
Greek κοῖλος (koilos)
Koilocyte
humped
kyph(o)-
Greek κυφός
Kyphoscoliosis
[edit] L
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
labi(o)-
Of or pertaining to the lip
Latin (labium), lip
Labiodental
lacrim(o)-
tear
Latin
Lacrimal
canaliculi
lact(i)-,
lact(o)
milk
Latin
Lactation
lapar(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
abdomen-wall, flank
Ancient Greek λαπάρᾱ
(lapárā), flank
Laparotomy
laryng(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
Ancient Greek λάρυγξ,
larynx, the lower throat
λαρυγγ- (lárynx, laryng- Larynx
cavity where the voice box is ), throat, gullet
latero-
lateral
Latin
Lateral pectoral
nerve
lei(o)-
smooth
Greek λεῖος
Leiomyoma
Greek λῆψις
Epilepsy,
narcolepsy
-lepsis, -lepsy attack, seizure
lept(o)-
light, slender
Greek λεπτός (leptos)
leuc(o)-,
leuk(o)-
Denoting a white color
Ancient Greek λευκός
(leukos), white, bright
Leukocyte
lingu(a)-,
lingu(o)-
Of or pertaining to the tongue Latin (lingua), tongue
Linguistics
lip(o)-
fat
Greek λίπος
Liposuction
lith(o)-
stone, calculus
Greek λίθος
Lithotripsy
log(o)-
speech
Greek λόγος
-logist
Denotes someone who
Ancient Greek λογιστής
studies a certain field: _____- (logistēs), studier,
logy
practitioner
-logy
Denotes the academic study
or practice of a certain field
Ancient Greek λόγoς
(logos) study
hematology,
urology
lymph(o)-
lymph
Greek λέμφος, λύμφη
Lymphedema
lys(o)-, -lytic
dissolution
Greek
Lysosome
-lysis
Destruction, seperation
Greek λύσις
Paralysis
Oncologist,
pathologist
[edit] M
Prefix/suffix
macr(o)-
Meaning
large, long
Origin language and
etymology
Greek μακρός
Example(s)
Macrophage
-malacia
softening
Greek μαλακία
Osteomalacia
mamm(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the breast
Latin (mamma), breast;
udder
Mammogram
mammill(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the nipple
Latin (mammilla), nipple
manu-
Of or pertaining to
the hand
Latin (manus), hand
mast(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the breast
Ancient Greek μαστός
(mastós), breast, women's
Mastectomy
breast; man's pectoral
muscle
meg(a)-,
megal(o)-, megaly
enlargement
Greek μέγας
melan(o)-
Denoting a black
color
Ancient Greek μέλας,
μελανο- (melas, melano-), Melanin
black; dark
mening(o)-
membrane
Greek μῆνιγξ, μηνιγγ-
Meningitis
mero-
part
Greek μέρος (meros), part
merocrine,
meroblastic
mes(o)-
middle
Ancient Greek μέσος
(mesos), "middle"
Mesoderm
meta-
after, behind
Greek μετά
Metacarpus
Manufacture
Splenomegaly
Greek μέτρον
-meter
measurement
-metry
process of measuring Greek -μετρία
Optometry
metr(o)-
Pertaining to
conditions or
instruments of the
uterus
Ancient Greek μήτρᾱ
(mētrā), womb, uterus
Metrorrhagia
micro-
denoting something
as small, or relating
to smallness
Ancient Greek μικρός
(mikros), small
Microscope
mon(o)-
single
Greek μονός
Infectious
mononucleosis
morph(o)-
form, shape
Greek μορφή
Morphology
muscul(o)-
muscle
Latin
Musculoskeletal
system
my(o)-
Of or relating to
muscle
Ancient Greek μῦς, μυ(mys, my-), muscle;
mouse; mussel
Myoblast
myc(o)-
fungus
Greek μύκης, μυκητ-
Onychomycosis
myel(o)-
Ancient Greek μυελόν
Of or relating to bone
(myelon), marrow; bone- Myeloblast
marrow
marrow
myring(o)-
eardrum
Latin myringa
Sphygmomanometer
Myringotomy
myx(o)-
Greek μύξα
mucus
Myxoma
[edit] N
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
narc(o)-
numb, sleep
Greek νάρκη
narcolepsy
nas(o)-
Of or pertaining to the nose
Latin (nāsum), nose
nasal
necr(o)-
death
Greek νεκρός
Necrotizing
fasciitis
neo-
new
Greek νέος
Neoplasm
nephr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
kidney
Ancient Greek νεφρός
(nephrós), kidney
Nephrology
nerv-
Of or pertaining to nerves
and the nervous system
[Uncommon as a root:
neuro- mostly always used]
Latin (nervus), tendon;
nerve; Cognate with the
Nerve
Greek νευρον (neuron)
(see below)
neur(i)-,
neur(o)-
Of or pertaining to nerves
and the nervous system
Ancient Greek νεῦρον
(neuron), tendon, sinew; Neurofibromatosis
nerve
normo-
normal
Latin
[edit] O
Normocapnia
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
ocul(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the eye
Latin (oculus), the eye
odont(o)-
Of or pertaining to
teeth
Ancient Greek ὀδούς, ὀδοντorthodontist
(odoús, odont-), tooth
odyn(o)-
pain
Greek ὀδύνη
-oesophageal,
oesophago(BrE)
gullet
Greek οἰσοφάγος
-oid
resemblance to
Greek -οειδής
ole
small or little
Latin
olig(o)-
Denoting something
Ancient Greek ὀλίγος
as 'having little,
(oligos), few
having few'
om(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the shoulder
-oma (singular), tumor, mass,
-omata (plural) collection
omphal(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the navel, the
umbilicus
Oculist
stomatodynia
Sarcoidosis
Oligotrophy
Ancient Greek ὠμός (ōmos),
Omoplate
shoulder
Greek -ωμα
Sarcoma,
Teratoma
Ancient Greek ὀμφαλός
(omphalós), navel, bellybutton
Omphalotomy
onco-
tumor, bulk, volume Greek ὄγκος
onych(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the nail (of a finger
or toe)
Ancient Greek < ὄνυξ,
ὀνυχο- (ónyx, ónycho-), nail; Onychophagy
claw; talon
oo-
Of or pertaining to
the an egg, a
woman's egg, the
ovum
Ancient Greek ᾠόν, ᾠο(ōón, ōo-), egg, ovum
oophor(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the woman's ovary
Neoclassical Greek ᾠοφόρον
Oophorectomy
(ōophóron), ovary, eggbearing
ophthalm(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the eye
Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός
(ophthalmós), the eye
optic(o)-
Middle French (optique) <
Of or relating to
Greek ὀπτικός (optikós);
chemical properties
Cognate with Latin oculus,
of the eye
relating to the eye
Opticochemical
or(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the mouth
Latin (ōs, or-), mouth
Oral
orchi(o)-,
orchido-
testis
Greek ὀρχις (orkhis, orkhi-)
Orchiectomy,
Orchidectomy
orth(o)-
Ancient Greek ὀρθός
Denoting something
(orthos), straight, correct,
as straight or correct
normal
Orthodontist
-osis
a condition, disease Greek -ωσις
Harlequin type
Oncology
Oogenesis
Ophthalmology
or increase
ichthyosis
osseo-
bony
Latin
ossi-
bone
Latin
Peripheral
ossifying fibroma
ost(e)-, oste(o)-
bone
Greek ὀστέον
Osteoporosis
ot(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the ear
Ancient Greek οὖς, ὠτ- (ous,
Otopathy
ōt-), the ear
-ous
pertaining to
Latin -osus
ovari(o)-
Of or pertaining to
the ovaries
Latin (ōvarium), ovary
Ovariectomy
ovo-, ovi-, ov-
Of or pertaining to
the eggs, the ovum
Latin (ōvum), egg, ovum
Ovogenesis
oxo-
addition of oxygen
Greek ὀξύς
oxy-
sharp, acid, acute,
oxygen
Greek ὀξύς
[edit] P
Prefix/suffix
pachy-
Meaning
thick
Origin language and
etymology
Greek παχύς
Example(s)
pachyderma
palpebr-
Of or pertaining to the eyelid
Latin (palpebra), eyelid Palpebra
[uncommon as a root]
Denoting something as
pan-, pant(o)- 'complete' or containing
'everything'
Ancient Greek πᾶς,
παν- (pas, pan-), all,
every
panophobia,
panopticon
papill-
Latin (papilla), nipple;
Of or pertaining to the nipple
dimunitive of papula
Papillitis
(of the chest/breast)
(see below)
papul(o)-
Latin (papula), pimple,
Indicates papulosity, a small
pustle; a small
elevation or swelling in the
Papulation
elevation or swelling in
skin, a pimple, swelling
the skin
para-
alongside of, abnormal
Ancient Greek παρά
-paresis
slight paralysis
Greek πάρεσις
hemiparesis
parvo-
small
Latin parvus
Parvovirus
path(o)-
disease
Greek πάθος
Pathology
-pathy
Denotes (with a negative
sense) a disease, or disorder
Ancient Greek πάθος
(pathos), suffering,
accident
sociopathy,
neuropathy
ped-, -ped-, pes
Of or pertaining to the foot; Latin (pēs, pēd-), foot
footed
Pedoscope
pelv(i)-,
pelv(o)-
hip bone
Pelvis
Latin
Greek πενία
-penia
deficiency
osteopenia
peo-
Of or pertaining to the penis Greek πέος (peos)
Peotomy
-pepsia
Ancient Greek πεπτός
Denotes something relating (peptós) cooked,
to digestion, or the digestive digested < πέσσω
tract.
(péssō) I boil, cook;
digest
Dyspepsia
per-
through
Latin
peri-
Denoting something with a
position 'surrounding' or
'around' another
Ancient Greek περί
(peri), around
Periodontal
-pexy
fixation
Greek πῆξις
Nephropexy
phaco-
lens-shaped
Greek φακός
-phage, phagia
Forms terms denoting
conditions relating to eating
or ingestion
Ancient Greek φαγία
(phagía) eating <
Sarcophagia
φαγεῖν (phagein) to eat
-phago-
eating, devouring
Greek -φάγος
phagocyte
phagist-:
Forms nouns that denote a
person who 'feeds on' the
first element or part of the
word
Ancient Greek
φαγιστής (phagistēs)
eater; see -phagia
Lotophagi
-phagy
Forms nouns that denotes
Ancient Greek φαγία
'feeding on' the first element (phagia) eating; see -
Anthropophagy
or part of the word
phagia
phallo-
phallus
Greek φαλλός (phallos) Aphallia
pharmaco-
drug, medication
Greek φάρμακον
pharyng(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
pharynx, the upper throat
cavity
Ancient Greek φάρυγξ,
φαρυγγ- (phárynx,
Pharyngitis,
pháryng-), throat,
Pharyngoscopy
windpipe; chasm
-phil(ia)
attraction for
Greek φιλία
phleb(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
(blood) veins, a vein
Ancient Greek φλέψ,
Phlebography,
φλεβ- (phleps, phleboPhlebotomy
), blood-vessel, vein
phob(o)-
exaggerated fear, sensitivity
Greek φόβος
phon(o)-
sound
Greek φωνή
phos-
Of or pertaining to light or its
chemical properties, now
Ancient Greek φῶς,
historic and used rarely. See φωτ- (phōs, phōt-),
the common root phot(o)light
below.
Phosphene
Photopathy
Phrenic nerve
phot(o)-
Of or pertaining to light
Ancient Greek φῶς,
φωτ- (phōs, phōt-),
light
phren(i)-,
phren(o)-,
phrenico
diaphragm
Greek φρήν, φρεν-
pharmacology
Hemophilia
arachnophobia
-plasia
formation, development
Greek πλάσις
Achondroplasia
-plasty
surgical repair,
reconstruction
Greek πλαστός
rhinoplasty
-plegia
paralysis
Greek πληγή
paraplegia
pleio-
more, excessive, multiple
Greek pleion
pleiomorphism
pleur(o)-,
pleur(a)
Of or pertaining to the ribs
Latin (pleura) <
Ancient Greek πλευρόν
Pleurogenous
(pleurón), rib, side of
the body
-plexy
stroke or seizure
Greek πλῆξις
pneum(o)-
Ancient Greek
πνεύμων, πνευμονPneumonocyte,
Of or pertaining to the lungs (pneumōn, pneumon-),
Pneumonia
lung < πνεῦμα
(pneuma), wind, spirit
pneumat(o)-
air, lung
pod-, -pod-, pus
Of or pertaining to the foot, - Ancient Greek πούς,
Podiatry
footed
ποδ- (poús, pod-), foot
-poiesis
production
polio-
Denoting a grey color
Cataplexy
hematopoiesis
Ancient Greek πολιός
(poliós), grey
Poliomyelitis
Ancient Greek πολυς
(polys), much, many
Polymyositis
Denotes a purple color
Ancient Greek
πορπύρα (porphýra),
purple
Porphyroblast
post-
Denotes something as 'after'
or 'behind' another
Latin (post), after,
behind
Postoperation,
Postmortem
pre-
Denotes something as
Medieval Latin (pre-) <
'before' another (in [physical] (Classical) Latin (præ), Prematurity
position or time)
before, in front of
presby(o)-
old age
prim-
Denotes something as 'first'
or 'most-important'
pro-
Denotes something as
Ancient Greek προ
'before' another (in [physical] (pro), before, in front
position or time)
of
Procephalic
proct(o)-
anus, rectum
proctology
prot(o)-
Denotes something as 'first'
or 'most-important'
pseudo-
Denotes something false or
poly-
Denotes a 'plurality' of
something
por(o)-
pore, porous
porphyr(o)-
Presbyopia
Latin (prīmus), first,
most important
Primary
Ancient Greek πρωτος
(prōtos), first;
Protoneuron
principle, most
important
fake
Ancient Greek ψυχή
(psyché), breath, life,
soul
Psychology,
Psychiatry
psych(e)-,
psych(o)
Of or pertaining to the mind
-ptosis
falling, drooping, downward
placement, prolapse
-ptysis
(a spitting), spitting,
hemoptysis, the spitting of
blood derivied from the
lungs or bronchial tubes
pulmon-,
pulmo-
Of or relating to the lungs.
Latin (pulmo, pulmōn-,
usually used in plural), pulmonary
a lung
pyel(o)-
pelvis
Ancient Greek (pyelos) Pyelonephritis
pyo-
pus
Greek πύον
Pyometra
pyro-
fever
Greek πῦρ, πυρετός
Antipyretic
Apoptosis
[edit] Q
Prefix/suffix
quadr(i)-
[edit] R
Meaning
four
Origin language and etymology
Latin
Example(s)
quadriceps
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
radio-
radiation
Latin
re-
again, backward
Latin
rect(o)-
rectum
Latin
ren(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
kidney
Latin (rēnes), kidney
reticul(o)-
net
Latin
retro-
backward, behind
Latin
rhabd(o)-
rod shaped, striated
Greek ῥάβδος
rhachi(o)-
spine
Greek ῥάχις
rhin(o)-
Of or pertaining to the nose
Ancient Greek ῥίς, ῥῑνο(rhīs, rhīno-), nose
rhinoceros,
rhinoplasty
rhod(o)-
Denoting a rose-red color
Ancient Greek ῥόδον
(rhódon), rose
Rhodophyte
-rrhage
burst forth
Greek -ρραγία
Hemorrhage
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood
Greek -ρραγία
renal
retroverted
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing
Greek ῥαφή
-rrhea
(AmE)
flowing, discharge
Greek -ρροια
-rrhexis
rupture
Greek ῥῆξις
-rrhoea
(BrE)
flowing, discharge
Greek -ρροια
Diarrhoea
rubr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the red
nucleus of the brain
Latin (ruber), red
Rubrospinal
Galactorrhea
[edit] S
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
salping(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
fallopian tubes
Ancient Greek
σάλπιγξ, σαλπιγγ-,
(sálpinx, salpingo-)
trumpet [literally]
Salpingectomy
sangui-,
sanguine-
Of or pertaining to blood
Latin (sanguis,
sanguin-), blood
Sanguine
sarco-
muscular, fleshlike
Greek σάρξ, σαρκ-
sarcoma
schist(o)-
split, cleft
Greek σχιστός
(schistos)
schiz(o)-
Denoting something 'split' or
Ancient Greek σχιζω; Schizophrenia
Irregular formation of
'double-sided'
the verb σχίζειν
(schizein), to cut, split
scler(o)-
hardness
Greek σκληρός
atherosclerosis
-sclerosis
hardening of the skin
Greek
Multiple sclerosis
scoli(o)-
twisted
Greek σκολιός
(skolios)
scoliosis
-scope
instrument for viewing
Greek -σκόπος
stethoscope
-scopy
use of instrument for
viewing
Greek -σκοπία
endoscopy
semi-
one-half, partly
Latin
sial(o)-
saliva, salivary gland
Greek σίαλος (sialos) sialagogue
sigmoid(o)-
sigmoid, sigmoid colon
Greek σιγμοειδής
sinistr(o)-
left, left side
Latin
sinus-
Of or pertaining to the sinus
Latin (sinus), a curve,
Sinusitis
bend, bay
-sis
condition of
Greek -σις
sito-
food, grain
Greek σῖτος
osteoperosis
somat(o)-,
somatico-
body, bodily
Greek σῶμα
spasmo-
spasm
Greek σπασμός
sperma-,
spermo-,
spermato-
semen, spermatozoa
Greek σπέρμα
(sperma)
splanchn(i)-,
splanchn(o)-
viscera
Greek σπλάγχνον
splen(o)-
spleen
Greek σπλήν, σπλην- Splenectomy
spondyl(o)-
Greek σπόνδυλος /
Of or pertaining to the spine, σφόνδυλος,
Spondylitis
the vertebra
(spóndylos /
sphóndylos), the spine
squamos(o)-
Denoting something as 'full
of scales' or 'scaly'
Latin (sqāmōsus), full
Squama
of scales; scaly
-stasis
stop, stand
Greek στάσις
-staxis
dripping, trickling
Greek στακτός
sten(o)-
Denoting something as
'narrow in shape' or
pertaining to narrow-ness
Ancient Greek στενός
(stenos), narrow;
Stenography
short
steth(o)-
Of or pertaining to the upper Ancient Greek στῆθος
chest, chest, the area above (stēthos), chest,
Stethoscope
the breast and under the neck cuirass
Spermatogenesis
stheno-
strength, force, power
Greek σθένος
stom(a)
mouth
Greek στόμα
stomat(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
mouth
Ancient Greek στόμα,
στοματ- (stóma,
Stomatogastric
stomat-), mouth
-stomy
creation of an opening
Greek -στομία
colostomy
sub-
beneath
Latin
subcutaneous
tissue
super-
in excess, above, superior
Latin
superior vena cava
supra-
above, excessive
Latin
supraorbital vein
sy(l)-, sym-,
syn-, sys-
Indicates similarity, likeness,
or being together;
Assimilates before some
Ancient Greek συνconsonants: before l to syl-, s (syn), with, together
to sys-, before a labial to
sym-.
stomatognathic
system
Synalgia,
Synesthesia,
Syssarcosis
[edit] T
Prefix/suffix
tachy-
Meaning
Denoting something as
fast, irregularly fast
Origin language
and etymology
Example(s)
Ancient Greek ταχύς
(tachys), fast,
Tachycardia
quickly
-tension, tensive
pressure
Latin
thec-
case, sheath
Ancient Greek θήκη
Intrathecal
(theke)
Of or pertaining to a
thel(e)-, thel(o)- nipple [uncommon as a
prefix]
Hypertension
Ancient Greek θηλή
Theleplasty
(thēlē), a teat, nipple
thely-
Denoting something as
'relating to a woman,
feminine'
Ancient Greek θῆλυς
Thelygenous
(thēlys), female,
feminine
therm(o)-
heat
Ancient Greek
θερμός
thorac(i)-,
thorac(o)-,
thoracico-
Of or pertaining to the
upper chest, chest; the area
above the breast and under
the neck
Latin (thōrāx) <
Ancient Greek
θώραξ (thōrax),
chest, cuirass
thromb(o)-
Of or relating to a blood
clot, clotting of blood
Ancient Greek
θρόμβος (thrómbos), Thrombus,
lump, piece, clot of Thrombocytopenia
blood
thyr(o)-
thyroid
Greek θυρεο-ειδής
-tic
pertaining to
Greek -τικός
toco-
childbirth
Greek τόκος
Thorax
-tome
cutting instrument
Greek τομή
-tomy
act of cutting; incising,
incision
Greek -τομία
tono-
tone, tension, pressure
Greek τόνος
-tony
tension
Greek -τονία
top(o)-
place, topical
Greek τόπος
tox(i)-, tox(o)-,
toxico-
toxin, poison
Greek τοξικόν
trache(o)-
trachea
Greek τραχεία
trachel(o)-
Of or pertaining to the
neck
Ancient Greek
τράχηλος (tráchēlos), Tracheotomy
neck
trans-
Denoting something as
Latin (trāns), across,
moving or situated 'across'
Transfusion
through
or 'through'
trich(i)-,
trichia,
trich(o)-
Of or pertaining to hair,
hair-like structure
Ancient Greek θρίξ,
τριχ(ο)- (thríx,
Trichotomy
trich(o)-), hair
-tripsy
crushing
Greek τρίψις
-trophy
nourishment, development
Greek -τροφία,
τροφή
Gastrotomy
Toxoplasmosis
Lithotripsy
Greek τύμπανον
eardrum
tympan(o)-
Tympanocentesis
[edit] U
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
-ula, -ule
small
Latin
Nodule
ultra-
beyond, excessive
Latin
umbilic-
Of or pertaining to the navel, the
umbilicus
Latin (umbilīcus),
navel, belly-button
Umbilical
ungui-
Of or pertaining to the nail, a claw
Latin (unguis), nail,
claw
Unguiform,
Ungual
un(i)-
one
Latin (unus)
Unilateral
hearing loss
ur(o)-
Of or pertaining to urine, the
urinary system; (specifically)
pertaining to the physiological
chemistry of urine
Ancient Greek οὖρον
(ouron), urine
Urology
uri(c)-,
urico-
uric acid
Greek οὐρικός
urin-
Of or pertaining to urine, the
urinary system
Latin (ūrīna), urine <
Ancient Greek ουρον
(ouron), see above.
Uriniferous
uter(o)-
Of or pertaining to the uterus or
womb
Latin (uterus), womb,
uterus
Uterus
[edit] V
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
Origin language and
etymology
Example(s)
vagin-
Of or pertaining to the vagina
Latin (vāgīna), sheath,
scabbard
Vagina
varic(o)-
swollen or twisted vein
Latin
varicose
vas(o)-
duct, blood vessel
Latin
vasoconstriction
vasculo-
blood vessel
Latin
ven-
Of or pertaining to the (blood)
veins, a vein [used in terms
Latin (vēna), bloodpertaining to the vascular
vessel, vein
system ]
ventr(o)-
Of or pertaining to the belly;
the stomach cavities
Latin (venter), the belly,
Ventrodorsal
the stomach; the womb
vesic(o)-
Of or pertaining to the bladder
Latin (vēsīca), bladder;
blister
viscer(o)-
Latin (viscera), internal
Of or pertaining to the internal organs; plural of
organs, the viscera
(viscerum), internal
organ
Vein,
Venospasm
Vesica
Viscera
[edit] X
Prefix/suffix
Origin language and
etymology
Meaning
Example(s)
xanth(o)-
Denoting a yellow color, an
abnormally yellow color
Ancient Greek ξανθός
(xanthós), yellow
Xanthopathy
xen(o)-
Foreign, different
Greek ξένος (xenos),
stranger
Xenograft
[edit] Y
Prefix/suffix
-y
Meaning
condition or process of
Origin language and etymology Example(s)
Latin -ia < Greek -ία
Surgery
Origin language and etymology
Example(s)
[edit] Z
Prefix/suffix
Meaning
zo(o)-
animal, animal life
Greek ζῷον
zym(o)-
fermentation, enzyme
Greek ζύμη
[edit] English meanings
This section contains lists of different root classification (e.g. body components, quantity,
description, etc.). Each list is alphabetized by English meanings, with the corresponding
Greek and Latin roots given.
[edit] Roots of the Body
[edit] Roots of Bodily Concepts
Bodily Concept
Greek Root
Latin Root
Other Root
Digestion
-pepsia
-
-
Disease
-pathy
-
-
Eating
-phagia
-
-
[edit] Roots of body parts and components
(Internal Anatomy, External Anatomy, Body Fluids, Body Substances)
Body Part/Component
Greek Root
Latin Root
Other Root
abdomen
lapar(o)-
abdomin-
-
aorta
aort(o)-
aort(o)-
-
arm
brachi(o)-
-
-
armpit
-
axill-
-
artery
arteri(o)-
-
-
back
-
dors-
-
big toe
-
allic-
-
bladder
cyst(o)-
vesic(o)-
-
blood
haemat-, hemat- (haem- sangui-,
, hem-)
sanguine-
-
blood clot
thromb(o)-
-
-
blood vessel
angi(o)-
vascul-, vas-
-
body
somat-, som-
corpor-
-
bone
oste(o)-
ossi-
-
bone marrow, marrow
myel(o)-
medull-
-
brain
encephal(o)-
cerebr(o)-
-
breast
mast(o)-
mamm(o)-
-
chest
steth(o)-
-
-
cheek
-
bucc-
-
ear
ot(o)-
aur-
-
eggs, ova
oo-
ov-
-
eye
ophthalm(o)-
ocul(o)-
optic(o)
[French]
eyelid
blephar(o)-
cili-; palpebr-
-
face
-
faci(o)-
-
fallopian tubes
salping(o)-
-
-
fat, fatty tissue
lip(o)-
adip-
-
finger
dactyl(o)-
digit-
-
forehead
-
front(o)-
-
gallbladder
cholecyst(o)-
fell-
-
genitals, sexually
undifferentiated
gon(o)-, phall(o)-
-
-
gland
aden(o)-
-
-
glans penis or clitoridis
balan(o)-
-
-
gums
-
gingiv-
-
hair
trich(o)-
capill-
-
hand
cheir(o)-, chir(o)-
manu-
-
head
cephal(o)-
capit(o)-
-
heart
cardi(o)-
cordi-
-
hip, hip-joint
-
cox-
-
horn
cerat(o)-
cornu-
-
intestine
enter(o)-
-
-
jaw
gnath(o)-
-
-
kidney
nephr(o)-
ren-
-
knee
gon-
genu-
-
lip
cheil(o)-, chil(o)-
labi(o)-
-
liver
hepat(o)- (hepatic-)
jecor-
-
loins, pubic region
episi(o)-
pudend-
-
lungs
pneumon-
pulmon(i)(pulmo-)
-
marrow, bone marrow
myel(o)-
medull-
-
mind
psych-
ment-
-
mouth
stomat(o)-
or-
-
muscle
my(o)-
-
-
nail
onych(o)-
ungui-
-
navel
omphal(o)-
umbilic-
-
neck
trachel(o)-
cervic-
-
nerve; the nervous system
neur(o)-
nerv-
-
nipple, teat
thele-
papill-,
mammill-
-
nose
rhin(o)-
nas-
-
ovary
oophor(o)-
ovari(o)-
-
pelvis
pyel(o)-
pelv(i)-
-
penis
pe(o)-
-
-
pupil (of the eye)
cor-, core-, coro-
-
-
rib
pleur(o)-
cost(o)-
-
rib cage
thorac(i)-, thorac(o)-
-
-
shoulder
om(o)-
humer(o)-
-
sinus
-
sinus-
-
skin
dermat(o)- (derm-)
cut-, cuticul-
-
skull
crani(o)-
-
-
stomach
gastr(o)-
ventr(o)-
-
testis
orchi(o)-, orchid(o)-
-
-
throat (upper throat cavity)
pharyng(o)-
-
-
throat (lower throat
cavity/voice box])
laryng(o)-
-
-
thumb
-
pollic-
-
tooth
odont(o)-
dent(i)-
-
tongue
gloss-, glott-
lingu(a)-
-
toe
dactyl(o)-
digit-
-
tumour
cel-, onc(o)-
tum-
-
ureter
ureter(o)-
ureter(o)-
-
urethra
urethr(o)-, urethr(a)-
urethr(o)-,
urethr(a)-
-
urine, urinary System
ur(o)-
urin(o)-
-
uterine tubes
sarping(o)-
sarping(o)-
-
uterus
hyster(o)-, metr(o)-
uter(o)-
-
vagina
colp(o)-
vagin-
-
vein
phleb(o)-
ven-
-
vulva
episi(o)-
vulv-
-
womb
hyster(o)-, metr(o)-
uter(o)-
-
wrist
carp(o)-
carp(o)-
-
[edit] Roots of Color
Color
Greek Root in English
Latin Root in English
Other Root
black
melano-
nigr-
-
blue
cyano-
-
-
gray, grey
polio-
-
-
green
chlor(o)-
vir-
-
purple
porphyr(o)-
purpur-, purpureo-
-
red
erythr(o)-, rhod(o)-
rub-, rubr-
-
red-yellow
cirrh(o)-
-
-
white
leuc-, leuk-
alb-
-
yellow
xanth(o)-
flav-
jaun - [French]
[edit] Roots of Description
[Size, Shape, Strength, etc.]
Description
Greek Root in English Latin Root in English Other Root
bad, incorrect
cac(o)-, dys-
mal(e)-
-
bent, crooked
ankyl(o)-
prav(i)-
-
big
mega-, megal(o)-
magn(i)-
-
biggest
megist-
maxim-
-
broad, wide
eury-
lat(i)-
-
cold
cry(o)-
frig-
-
dead
necr(o)-
mort-
-
equal
is(o)-
equ(i)-
-
false
pseud(o)-
fals(i)-
-
female, feminine
thely-
-
-
flat
platy-
plan(i)-
-
good, well
eu-
ben(e)-, bon(i)-
-
great
mega-, megal(o)-
magn(i)-
-
hard
scler(o)-
dur(i)-
-
heavy
bar(o)-
grav(i)-
-
hollow
coel(o)-
cav-
-
huge
megal(o)-
magn(i)-
-
incorrect, bad
cac(o)-, dys-
mal(e)-
-
large; extremely large
mega-
magn(i)-
-
largest
megist-
maxim-
-
long
macr(o)-
long(i)-
-
male, masculine
arseno-
vir-
-
narrow
sten(o)-
angust(i)-
-
new
neo-
normal, correct; straight orth(o)-
nov(i)-
-
rect-
-
old
paleo-
veter-
-
sharp
oxy-
ac-
-
short
brachy-
brev(i)-
-
small
micr(o)-
parv(i)- (rare)
-
smallest
-
minim-
-
slow
brady-
tard(i)-
-
fast
tachy-
celer-
-
soft
malac(o)-
moll(i)-
-
rect(i)-
-
straight, normal, correct orth(o)-
thick
pachy-
crass(i)-
-
varied, various
poikilo-
vari-
-
well, good
eu-
ben(e)-
-
wide, broad
eury-
lat(i)-
-
[edit] Roots of position
Description
Greek
Root in
English
Latin
Root in
English
Other
Root
around
peri-
circum-
-
left
levo-
laev(o)-,
sinistr-
-
middle
mes(o)-
medi-
-
right
dexi(o)-
dextr(o)-
-
circum-
-
surrounding peri-
[edit]
Roots of quantity
(Amount, Quantity)
Greek
Description Root in
English
Latin
Root in
English
Other
Root
double
diplo-
dupli-
-
equal
iso-
equi-
-
few
oligo-
pauci-
-
half
hemi-
semi-
demi(French)
many,
much
poly-
multi-
-
twice
dis-
bis-
-