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Nanotechnology
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• Developing new optical and electronic devices
• Improving energy storage and efficiency
Examples
• Advancing new methods of medical imaging, treatment, and drug
delivery
Scientists predict nanotechnology could revolutionize many industries. For
example, nanotechnology is expected to enable the production of smaller,
cheaper, and more accurate sensors. The sensors could detect environmental
pollutants, indicate exposure to toxic substances in the workplace, check food
safety, and assess structural damage in buildings.
What products available today have resulted from nanoscience?
While nanotechnology is in the “pre-competitive” stage (meaning its
applied use is limited), nanoparticles are being used in a number of products.
Today, most computer hard drives contain giant magnetoresistance (GMR)
heads that, through nanothin layers of magnetic materials, allow for a tenfold
increase in storage capacity. Other applications include sunscreens and
cosmetics, water filters, and landmine detectors.
Examples
Is there a risk in the workplace?
Nanomaterials may interact with the body in ways different from more
conventional materials, because of their extremely small size. For example,
studies have established that the comparatively large surface area of inhaled
nanoparticles can increase their toxicity. Such small particles can penetrate
deep into the lungs and may move to other parts of the body, including the
brain.
Many knowledge gaps remain before we fully understand how to work
safely with these materials. Until these and other research questions are
answered, we should be extremely cautious when working with
nanomaterials.
Comparison
Special conditions
What are future workforce needs?
The National Science Foundation has estimated that 2 million workers will be
needed to support nanotechnology industries worldwide within 15 years.
Figure 19.4 (Continued)
Special conditions