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Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms Of Afro-Cuban Jazz IMEC 2016 Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez RubenP.AlvarezisaChicagobasedLatinpercussionist,drumsetartist,author,composer,andeducator.AsaLatin percussionist he has been nominated for the Latin Grammy in 2013 for “Made in Chicago” with Latin jazz artists Cuban pianist Chuchito Valdes. Rubén performed and or recorded with Latin jazz artists Dave Valentín, Arturo Sandoval,andBryanLynch,andGrammynomineesRamseyLewisandSonesdeMexico.Asadrumsetartist,hehas perfromed with rock legends Dave Mason, and Dennis De Young, He is a member of Chicago’s premier Latin jazz ensembleChéverewithGrammywinnerHowardLevy,andleadshisownSunSoundsLatinjazzensemble. Rubenisfoundingmemberandserved6yearsontheBoardofdirectorsofTheJazzEducationNetwork,theBoardof GovernorsoftheChicagochapteroftheNationalAssociationofRecordingArtsandSciencesandcurrentlyservesas the Vice President of the Illinois chapter of the Percussive Arts Society. Ruben endorses LP percussion, Vic Firth malletsandsticks,Zildjiancymbals,andRemodrumheadsandpercussion. 1 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez OnOctober27,1492,theItaliannavigatorCristobalColón,aliasChristopherColumbus,sponsoredbytheSpanish KingandQueenPhillipandIsabella,landedontheislandofCubanacan.CapitánColon’slandinginitiatedablending ofmusicalculturesthatwouldbringthetotheAmericasthesacredrhythms,chants,anddancesofthewestcoastof Africa. https://youtu.be/po-D3z23H2c The percussive syncopation of these sacred rhythms and chants of Western Africa blended with the classical and folkloricmusicalstylesoftheEuropeancolonialpowers,andinsomecases,themusicandinstrumentsofindigenous Native American cultures. This blend of musical cultures began the evolution of new musical cultures throughout LatinAmerica.FouroftheseLatinAmericanmusicalcultures,havesometimessubtletybutneverthelessprofoundly influencedAmericanmusicians,andmusiciansworldwide. 1. Argentina produced the tango introduced to the American public in 1913 by the British dance team Irene and VernonCastle.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5E4mBoGX6Dw 2. Brazil, the only Portuguese speaking Latin American country, Hollywood and the Brazilian entertainer known as Carmen Miranda introduced America to the samba rhythms of Rio de Janeiro in the 1940’s through her hit Chica ChicaBoomandBrazilwrittenbyBraziliancomposerAryBarroso. https://youtu.be/TUBO7fwMsZk 3.MexicodevelopedthesonjorochotheinspirationforrockandrollstarRichieValenshitrecordingofLaBamba. https://youtu.be/nLAWPrCUQQ0 4.Cuba,themostinfluentialofallisthebirthplaceoftheconga(tumabadora),thebongó,thetimbales,thegüiro, themambobell,chachabell,bongobell,maracas,andtheclave.TheclaveistheheartbeatofCubanmusicandthe essentialmusicalstylesthatSalsa,andLatinjazzensemblesbasetheirrepertoireson. https://youtu.be/d1tiv0Ep0kA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hO0Gcv2yu-0&list=PL3C6F9BE69F735920&index=79 TheCubanSon-therootsofmambo,Salsa,LatinJazz https://youtu.be/0dEbmylqW30 ChaChaCha-CubanmusicalstylemostutilizedinAmericanpopgrooves https://youtu.be/ShsD5Xd3IDU Mambo-TherootsofSalsaandLatinJazz https://youtu.be/VtLaTELxcsQ Songo–CubanFunk http://youtu.be/3GhIF2TS8j4 RooseveltUniversityLatinJazzEnsembledirectedbyRubenP.Alvarez 2 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez AmericanmusicfromclassicaltojazzhasbeeninfluencedbythemusicofLatinAmericasincetheearly1800’s.Sincethe1830’s, theguitardrivenMexicancorrida,andranchera,andtheMexicanwaltzblendedwiththeballadsoftheAnglo-Americancowboy andinfluencedanumberofmusicalstylesincludingcountrymusic. http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xs682r_freddy-fender-wasted-days-and-wasted-nights-vaya-con-dios-youtube_music In1850’sand1860’sLouisianacomposerLouisM.Gottshalck,consideredtobetheUnitedState’sfirstpianovirtuosoused Cuban,PuertoRican,andDominicanrhythmsandmusicalstylesasinspirationforsomeofhisfamouscompositions. https://youtu.be/0_m8N-X__58?list=PLBDZMy1-vZzAYNlkblDHkWZpM2YL5rhyn In1884-85,thebandoftheeighthregimentoftheMexicanCalvaryperformedattheWorld’sIndustrialandCottonCentennial ExpositioninNewOrleans,Louisiana.ClarinetistLorenzoT.ispurportedtohavebeeninthisband,hesettledinNewOrleans.As ateacherstheTiofamily(hisbrotherLuisandsonLorenzoJr.hadprofoundinfluenceonNewOrleansmusiciansthelikesof SidneyBechet. https://youtu.be/b77JruoYJbw JazzpianistFerdinand“JellyRoll”Mortoniscreditedwithsayingthatjazzwouldnotbejazzwithoutthat”Spanishtinge”. www.youtube.com/watch?v=JSpoVH0c-Dw Inthe1930’s,CubanbandleaderDonAspiazúandhisHavanaCasinoOrchestraenrapturedAmericanaudienceswiththeclave rhythmandaCubansonentitledEl Manicero (The Peanut Vendor).HissuccessfacilitatedthearrivalofotherLatinAmerican musicianssuchasDukeEllington’sPuertoRicantrombonist/composerJuanTizol,composerofCaravan. https://youtu.be/9QzpKmZPWR0https://youtu.be/KfDgTxTit6w Arsenio Rodríguez the Cuban bandleader and musician and composer credited with establishing the percussion section of timbales, conga, and drum and assigning the bongo player to also play cowbell. This trio of percussionist would become the standardforplayingsalsaandLatinJazz.https://youtu.be/7oCudVfHZ88 Frank“Machito”GrilloandMarioBauzáweretwoofthe“MamboKings”ofNewYork.Bauzáisconsideredbymanytobethe fatherofLatinjazz.SeñiorBauzáintroducedDizzieGillespietoChanoPozo,theCubanmasterconguero.DizzieandChanomade jazzhistorybyco-composinganumberofCubophitsthatincludeManteca.Theyperformedtogetheratalegendaryconcertat CarnegieHallonSeptember29,1947.ThisconcertfeaturedcomposerChicoO’Farrill’sAfro-CubanSuiteandjazzlegendsCharlie ParkerandBuddyRich. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2Tt6W-TxXshttps://youtu.be/WVglT-hvbv0 Alsointhe1940’s,HollywoodandtheBrazilianbombshellknownasCarmenMirandaintroducedAmericatothesambarhythms ofRiodeJaneirothroughhitslike“Brazil”writtenbyBraziliancomposerAryBarroso. https://youtu.be/ERYKzez97lA Inthe1950’sAmericansaxophonistStanGetz,Brazilianlegendspianist/composerAntonioCarlosJobim,guitaristJoaoGilberto, andhiswifeAstrudGilbertoestablishedtheestablishthebossanova,asanessentialjazzstyle. GirlfromIpanema https://youtu.be/UJkxFhFRFDA AtthePalladiumBallroom,thelegendaryhomeofthe“MamboKings”,musicaldirectorMarioBauzáandMachitoandhisAfroCubans,heldcourtwithTitoPuentewithcompositionslikeMamboinn. https://youtu.be/suQRUf5QEb0 3 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez The undisputed Newyorican “King of Latin Music,” Ernesto “Tito” Puente, launched a phenomenal career as a sideman,bandleader,virtuosotimbalero,drummer,vibraphonist,arrangerandcomposer.Heistheoneofthemost recorded musical artist in history, with 117 recordings that includes his composition Oye Como Va made world famousbyrockstarCarlosSantana. https://youtu.be/EWOygqPl_vo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yT7nE1cwsjo https://youtu.be/l8R_OQz_BtU Throughout1950’s, 1960’s, and 1970’s In 1964 Dominican born flautist Johnny Pacheco, joined forces with lawyer Jerry Masucci and co-founded the Fania record label. He recruited some of New York City’s most popular Latin musiciansandformedtheFania All Stars.Thisteamofartistswasinstrumentalinestablishingtheword“Salsa”as themarketingtermforjazztingedAfro-Cubanbaseddance. https://youtu.be/RVnVwp6Y8ys TheCubandescarga(jamsession)madepopularbyrecordingsbyCubanbassistIsrael“Cachao”Lópezwithhis recordingsentitledDescargas/CubanJamSessionsinMiniature. https://youtu.be/QPUhfMnf_KY Puerto Rican conguero and Cuban conguero Mongo Santamaria became stars as leadesr and a sideman, and recorded with a veritable who’s who of Latin and American jazz musicians. Santamaria’s recordings featured both Afro-CubanfolkloricstylesandafusionofAmericanandCubanpopularmusicalstylesandincludethehitsingles AfroBlueandHerbieHancock’sWatermelonMan. https://youtu.be/kLD7WT8wTkEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjKtPau8HTk OntheWestCoasttheMambowaspopularizedinthe1940’s,byCubancomposerbandleaderDámasoPérezPrado. HishitsincludedQueRicoelMambo. https://youtu.be/TqExCkDE5rg In the 1950’s and 1960’s American and Latin American West Coast based jazz musicians performed and recorded CubanFirewithbigbandleaderStanKentonandwithvibraphonistCalTjaderonhishitrecordingSoulSauce. https://youtu.be/Q5L0TS3V91Y?list=RDQ5L0TS3V91Y https://youtu.be/U5K_4J25An0 Fromthe1950’stothepresent,theLatinjazzsceneontheWestCoasthascontinuedtofosterLatinmusiciansofthe highestcaliber.ThelistincludesPanchoSanchez. https://youtu.be/i9ZkY5g8KBU Inthe70’s,LegendaryLatinAmericanensemblessuchasCuba’sIrakere,andPuertoRico’sBatacumbeleprofoundly contributed to the development and popularity of Latin jazz worldwide. These legendary ensembles launched the careersofpercussionistGiovanniHidalgo,andGrammywinningmusicians,pianistChuchoValdés,trumpeterArturo SandovalandsaxophonistPaquitoD’Rivera. https://youtu.be/VapQAWxEGzo 4 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Resources Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez From1980’sintothepresent,thismixoftheAfro-CubanandAmericanjazztraditionscontinuestobenurturedby innovativeinstrumentalist/composer/arranger/musician/educatorsnotablyRebeccaMauleon,JohnSantos,Michael Spiro,BobbySanabria,andcountlessotherswhocontinuetohonorthepast,anddiscovernewmusicalhorizons withtheirPan-Americaninspiredcompositionsandperformances. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pWMxJ6iQd4 https://youtu.be/LcW2CittK7U http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayIksohGESY www.youtube.com/watch?v=7e8skfA717E ChuchitoValdezwithRubénPAlvarezonDrumset/timbales LatinmusicandinparticularAfro-CubaninspiredLatinJazzhasprofoundmulticulturalroots.Itisagenrethathonors traditionandatthesametimeisahotbedofinnovation.Itsstudyoffersusanopportunitytogrowasmusicians,and aseducators,allowsustoexpandthemusicalpalettethatourstudentscandrawfromasasourceofinspiration.This briefintroductionisdedicatedtotheeldersandtothekeepersoftheflamethatcontinuetofuelthisrichmusical heritagebasedonRaicesProfundas(ProfoundRootsofthemusic). LatinPercussionandDrumset RubenP.Alvarez [email protected] RubénP.Alvarez-Congas/cajon PercussionShowdown-RubénP.Alvarez,JavierSaume, OmarAl-Musfi-YouTube RubenP.AlvarezInstructionalVideos 1.RubenAlvarez:Funwith1Conga-YouTube Www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GGGg4DwC-Y Inthissession,Rubensharesafewsimpleexercises topracticeononeconga. www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZgKIQjj7DlY RubénP.Alvarez-drum-set 2.RubenAlvarez-FunwithTwo-YouTube 1.ChuchitoValdesatRumbaChicago-YouTube www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPhyruhRakk Www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSFfHf3QXzo Inthissession,Rubensharesafewsimpleexercises topracticeontwocongas 2HDChuchitoValdesenChicago, www.youtube.com/watch?v=7e8skfA717E 3.RubenAlvarez-FunwithThree-YouTube Www.youtube.com/watch?v=su2nvNZWNqo Inthissession,Rubensharesafewsimpleexercises topracticeonthreecongas 4.RubenAlvarez-FunwithToys-YouTube Www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrmyXyx-joc Rubensharesafewsimpleexercises topracticeontheCubangüiro 5 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Resources Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez 6 Two Three Or Not Two Three? A brief history of Afro-Cuban Jazz in the U.S. Resources Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez Do Not Be Afraid To Beat the Drum % " , ' 6 ++ * 8- Afro Cuban Rhythms-Mnemonic Teaching Aids Bembé Afro-Cuban 6/8 Shekere Cha Up Stroke & Guataca-cowbell , # ' 86 -++ ) ! We & * P I & % Down Stroke " "$ * & * Ka Cha # ) ! & play Tumbadora , ' 86 -++ (" "$ " S ( play ) af * % " Ka Cha # ) & fro & * # ) ! six ( the 0 ( Con O " P Cha & # ) ! ( ( ga I S & * % " Ka P=palm S=slap O=open P "$ Rubén P. Alvarez ( eight " P play ( the & $" * ++ . / ) ! ++ . / Kah & Oh O O ( Con ( ga Conga " P '6 ( 8 Tum & ( "O ( P S ( ba dor rah & 0 S " P & Tum & O S Quin to ( " O P S bad ( dor ( rah & & O S & ( Quinto , ' 86 -++ ( O Quin S ( to ( Quin ( to ( & 7 ( ( Quin ( to ++ . / Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms of Afro-Cuban Jazz-Cha Cha Cha Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez 3/2 8 2/3 Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms of Afro-Cuban Jazz-Salsa/Latin Jazz Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez Two Three or not Two Three? 9 Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms of Afro-Cuban Jazz—Drum set 1 Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez 10 Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms of Afro-Cuban Jazz—Drum set 2 Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez 11 Two Three Or Not Two Three? An Intro to Essential Rhythms of Afro-Cuban Jazz—Drum set 3 Presented by Rubén P. Alvarez 12