Download World War II_PP

3/28/2011
World War II
1931-1945
Reasons For War
• Totalitarian Governments
▫ Communism in Russia
x Russian Revolution
x Lead by Stalin when Lenin died
▫ Fascism in Europe
x Comes to power through economic
depression
x Hitler leads Germany
x Mussolini leads Italy
Reasons For War
▫ Militarism in Japan
x Comes to power through economic
depression
x Lead by Hideki Tojo
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Reasons For War
• Aggression
▫ All four totalitarian states want to expand their
control to most of the world
x Hitler wants to unite German peoples and
end “the Jewish problem”
x Tojo wants to create an imperialist Japan
x Mussolini wants to create an imperialist Italy
x Stalin wants to expand communism
Events Leading to War
• Japan invades Manchuria 1931
▫ Needed raw materials
• Japan invades China 1937
▫ Japanese army felt they were superior
• Anschluss 1938
▫ Hitler authorized the overthrow of the
Austrian government
▫ Authority of Austria was then signed over to
Germany
Events Leading to War
• Appeasement
▫ Munich Conference 1938
x Europe appeases Hitler
x Germany given the Sudetenland
▫ Invasions of Albania, Ethiopia, and
Czechoslovakia 1939
x Hitler breaks the pact of the Munich
Conference
x Europe decided to allow it
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Axis Offensives
• Invasion of Poland 1939
▫ Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
x Russia and Germany agree to each take half of
Poland
▫ Blitzkrieg
x Lightening War
• Invasion of Denmark and Norway 1940
• Invasion of Netherland, Belgium, and
Luxemburg 1940
Axis Offensives
• Invasion of France 1940
▫ Creation of Vichy France
• Battle of Britain 1940
▫ Air war against Great Britain
▫ G.B. in war against Germany by itself
▫ Germany looses by changing tactics from
attacking military targets to civilian targets
Axis Offensives
• Siege of Malta and invasion of Egypt 1940
▫ Creation of Afrika Corps lead by Field Marshal
Erwin Rommel
• Japanese takeover of Vietnam 1940
▫ America stops oil shipments to Japan
• Invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece 1941
• Invasion of Russia 1941
▫ Operation Barbarossa
▫ Failed due to cold weather just like Napoleon
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Axis Offensives
• Attack on Pearl Harbor 1941
▫ America’s Aircraft Carriers survive
• Invasion of Malaya
Malaya, Singapore
Singapore, Hong Kong
Kong,
Philippines, New Guinea, Burma, Guam, Dutch
East Indies (Indonesia) and Wake Island 19411942
Allied Offensives
• Battle of Midway 1942
▫ Changes the balance of power in the Pacific
• Invasion of Guadalcanal 1942
▫ First U.S. amphibious assault
• Battle for Stalingrad 1942
▫ Surrender of a German Army
▫ Beginning of Russian counter offensives all
throughout Russia
Allied Offensives
• Battle of El Alamein 1942
▫ General Montgomery defeats General Rommel
• Invasion of North Africa 1943
▫ First U.S. involvement against Germany
• Invasion of Marshal Islands and New Guinea
1943
• Invasion of Italy 1943
▫ Surrender of Italy
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Allied Offensives
• Invasion of France 1944
▫ Operation Overlord at the Normandy beaches
▫ General Dwight Eisenhower chosen as Supreme
Allied Commander
• Invasion of Finland, Belarus, Ukraine,
Poland, Romania, and Hungary 1944
• Invasion of Mariana, Palau, Guam, Saipan,
and Philippine islands 1944
▫ First use of kamikazes by Japanese
Allied Offensives
• Invasion of Germany 1944-1945
▫ In the East by Russia
▫ In the West by Great Britain and the United States
▫ Surrender of Germany
• Invasion of Iwo Jima and Okinawa 1945
Axis Counter Offensive
• Battle of the Bulge 1944-1945
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▫
▫
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Hitler’s last attempt to defeat Western Powers
101st Airborne hold city of Bastogne
Patton’s Army pushes Germans to Rhine River
This battle ends major German resistance
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Allied Offensives
• Dropping of the Atomic Bombs 1945
▫ Hiroshima
▫ Nagasaki
▫ Japan surrenders
Meetings of the Big Three
• FDR, Churchill, and Stalin
• Tehran 1943
▫ France
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• Yalta 1945
▫ How would Germany be governed after the war
• Potsdam 1945
▫ How would Japan be governed after the war
Post War
• Nuremberg Trials
▫ Nazi leaders held accountable for their actions
▫ All people are responsible for their actions
• United Nations
▫ Created to have a means to solve international
problems without war
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