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ID: A
Chapter 10 Reading Quiz
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. In 1835, Alexis de Tocqueville wrote, “It is a constant fact that at the present day the ablest men in
the United States are rarely placed at the head of affairs.” To what did he attribute this phenomenon?
a. Whig party policies
b. Democracy
c. Industrialization
d. More money could be made in business than in politics
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2. Politicians from modest backgrounds tended to support which of the following reforms in the 1810s?
a. Tax increases for the rich
b. Restrictions on imprisonment for debt
c. Mandatory military service for young men
d. Limited suffrage for women
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3. What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as
contrary to republican ideals?
a. The committee system in Congress
b. Political parties
c. The two-term presidency
d. The Supreme Court’s judicial review
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4. The power of elected officials to grant government jobs to party members in return for their loyalty
is known as which of the following systems?
a. Nepotism
b. Patronage
c. Caucusing
d. The Whig System
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5. Which of the following were the three key elements of Clay’s American system?
a. Protective tariff, subsidized internal improvements, and the national bank
b. Subsidized internal improvements, the national bank, and patronage
c. Slavery, patronage, and subsidized internal improvements
d. Protective tariff, patronage, and subsidized internal improvements
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6. Which of the following statements describes events surrounding the election of 1824?
a. John Quincy Adams became president even though Andrew Jackson had more
b.
c.
d.
popular votes.
It was the first time a presidential election was decided by the House of
Representatives.
The Republican candidate William Crawford died from a stroke in the midst of
the campaign.
The disputed outcome led to extended rioting in several large southern cities.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
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7. As president, John Quincy Adams supported which of the following policies?
a. A national bank to promote a uniform currency and to control credit.
b. Strict limits on the powers of the federal government.
c. A suspension on “internal improvements” by the federal government.
d. The implementation of lower tariffs on imported products.
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8. What was the outcome of President John Quincy Adams’ support of the Creeks in their treaty
negotiations with the state of Georgia?
a. Georgia’s governor attacked him as a “public enemy” and “ally of the savages.”
b. His New England supporters deserted his bid for reelection.
c. A large reservation in central Georgia was set aside for the Creeks.
d. The Georgia state legislature called for his impeachment.
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9. Andrew Jackson and his supporters won the election in 1828 in part by
a. repudiating the growing authority of political powers.
b. promising to expand and extend Clay’s American System.
c. calling themselves Democrats to portray a more egalitarian image.
d. branding his opponent as “Old Hickory” to emphasize his old-fashioned political
style.
____ 10. Which of the following elements defined the Democrats under Andrew Jackson?
a. Consideration for Native Americans
b. Support for average Americans
c. Treatment of the national bank
d. Views on patronage
____ 11. On whom did President Jackson rely for political advice?
a. Several key western senators, including Henry Clay
b. His official cabinet officers
c. An informal group called the Kitchen Cabinet
d. Chief Justice John Marshall
____ 12. In 1832, a South Carolina state convention committed which of the following actions?
a. Declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state
b. Ordered the state militia to arrest customs officials and to impound their
c.
d.
collections
Declared that the state had decided to secede from the Union
Threatened to impeach Jackson for his unconstitutional actions
____ 13. The South Carolina Exposition and Protest, written by John C. Calhoun, bore a similarity to the
argument made by which of the following people?
a. Thomas Paine in Common Sense
b. Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
c. John Marshall in Marbury v. Madison
d. George Washington in his farewell address
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 14. How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina’s claimed right of nullification in 1832?
a. Jackson asked Congress to raise the tariff rates even higher if South Carolina did
b.
c.
d.
not stop its threats.
He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress
any act of nullification.
He pulled federal troops and navy ships out of forts and ports in South Carolina
where they might have provoked an attack by the South Carolina militia.
Jackson asked Congress to prepare a bill to expel South Carolina from the Union
if it did not stop its threats.
____ 15. Which of the following was the primary function of the Second Bank of the United States?
a. To make a profit for the federal government through judicious loans to the
b.
c.
d.
country’s most promising entrepreneurs
To keep the economy in equilibrium by raising or lowering interest rates in
response to changes in the capitalist business cycle
To stabilize the nation’s money supply by forcing state banks to convert their
paper money periodically into gold and silver coin
To serve as a clearinghouse for foreign investments and currency in order to raise
the country’s international economic standing
____ 16. Why did Andrew Jackson veto the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States in 1832?
a. His opponents in Congress, most of whom supported the Second Bank, had tried
b.
c.
d.
to embarrass him politically.
He thought it interfered with the rights of states and the liberties of the people.
French aristocrats had invested heavily in the bank and he objected to their
influence.
One of his major congressional opponents, Daniel Webster, directed the Boston
branch of the bank.
____ 17. Which of the following statements describes Jackson’s veto of the bill rechartering the Second Bank
of the United States in 1832?
a. The action was unpopular and surprised most Americans, who thought the issue
had been resolved.
b. Andrew Jackson vetoed the bill for his own reasons and without offering any
reason or explanation to the public.
c. It was a popular move, blending constitutional arguments, an appeal to patriotism,
and class rhetoric.
d. Jackson staked his presidency on the veto, declaring that he would resign if
Congress passed the bill over his veto.
____ 18. The Trail of Tears was the direct consequence of which of the following government actions?
a. The Louisiana Purchase
b. Worcester v. Georgia
c. Indian Removal Act of 1830
d. The Bad Axe Massacre
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 19. In the landmark case of Charles River Bridge Co. v. Warren Bridge Co. (1837), Chief Justice Roger
B. Taney and the U.S. Supreme Court did which of the following?
a. Reaffirmed John Marshall’s interpretation of the contract clause in the U.S.
Constitution
b. Upheld the protected legal position of existing state-chartered monopolies
c. Encouraged competitive enterprise, opening the way for legislatures to charter
railroad companies
d. Ruled that the city of New York could use its “police power” to inspect new
immigrants’ health
____ 20. On which issue was the Whig philosophy of the 1830s critically different from that of the Federalists
in the 1790s?
a. National bank
b. Industrialization
c. Role of the federal government
d. Rule by an elite based on talent
____ 21. In 1834, the Working Men’s Party persuaded the Pennsylvania legislature to do which of the
following?
a. Allow collective bargaining by labor unions
b. Create a free, tax-supported public school system
c. Mandate a ten-hour workday for all factory workers
d. Require that workers be paid time-and-a-half for overtime
____ 22. Which of the following developments spurred the Panic of 1837?
a. Cotton prices dropped to an all-time low.
b. The stock market crashed, causing widespread bankruptcy.
c. The Bank of England curtailed British investment in the United States.
d. State governments throughout the country defaulted on their debts.
____ 23. President Martin Van Buren responded to the Panic of 1837 by
a. revoking Andrew Jackson’s Specie Circular of 1836.
b. adopting a hands-off, limited-government stance.
c. instituting an extensive public works program.
d. depositing government gold and silver from private banks.
____ 24. In the election of 1840, Whigs boosted their electoral hopes by appealing to which of the following
groups?
a. Irish immigrants
b. Women
c. Wealthy Northern businessmen
d. Freemasons
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 25. Which of the following statements characterizes the American party system by the early 1840s?
a. As the 1840 election demonstrated, the Whigs clearly held the edge in party
b.
c.
d.
discipline and mass loyalty.
The two parties offered nearly the same social and economic platform but
employed differing campaign styles to attract voters.
The practice of Americans voting for a particular party along ethnic and religious
lines began to emerge.
The Democrats had a major advantage in their wealth and the cohesiveness of
their leadership and support.
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