Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
1900 World’s population – 1.6 billion Paris World’s Fair showcases electricity Women compete in Olympics for the 1st time Fauvist movement in painting begins, led by Henri Matisse. 1901 The Boxer Rebellion officially ends on Sept. 7 with the signing of the Peace of Beijing. J.P. Morgan creates the United States Steel Co., which will become the first $1 billion corporation in the world. 1902 Aswan Dam is completed in central Egypt, becoming the chief means of storing irrigation water for the Nile valley. Cuba gains independence from Spain. 1903 Henry Ford organizes Ford Motor Company. Panama declares independence from Colombia (Nov. 3). 1904 U.S. Supreme Court rules that citizens of Puerto Rico cannot be denied entry to the continental U.S. Russo-Japanese War begins. As Russia and Japan fight over Manchuria and Korea. U.S. begins construction of the Panama Canal. 1905 The Russian Revolution of 1905 begins on “Bloody Sunday” when troops fire onto a defenseless group of demonstrators in St. Petersburg. Strikes and riots follow. 1906 Finland is the first European country to give women the vote. 1907 Fall of the stock market sparks financial panic across the U.S. The first Cubist exhibition is held in Paris. 1908 Petroleum production starts in Middle East. Model T touring car introduced for $850 1909 The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is founded by prominent black and white intellectuals and led by W. E. B. Du Bois. 1910 Japan formally annexes Korea. 1912 The "unsinkable" oceanliner Titanic sinks on maiden voyage after colliding with an iceberg; over 1,500 drown (April 15). Balkan Wars begin, resulting from territorial disputes: Turkey defeated by alliance of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro (Oct.). China becomes a republic 1913 Sixteenth Amendment (income tax) and 17th (popular election of U.S. senators) adopted. Bill creating U.S. Federal Reserve System becomes law. Model T touring car 1st produced on assembly line 1914 WWI begins Congress sets up Federal Trade Commission, passes Clayton Antitrust Act. 1915 British oceanliner Lusitania sunk by German submarine, 1,195 perish. The Superior Court in Fulton County, Ga. accepts the charter for the establishment of the new Ku Klux Klan (Dec. 4). 1916 Margaret Sanger opens the first birth control clinic in the country at 46 Amboy St., Brooklyn. 1917 US enters WWI Bolsheviks seize power in Russia 1918 WWI ends 1919 Versailles Treaty, incorporating Woodrow Wilson's draft Covenant of League of Nations, signed by Allies and Germany; rejected by U.S. Senate. 18th Amendment (Prohibition) adopted. Mahatma Gandhi initiates Satyagraha campaigns, beginning his nonviolent resistance movement against British rule in India. 1920 US women win the right to vote 1922 Mussolini marches on Rome; forms Fascist government. Irish Free State, a self-governing dominion of British Empire, officially proclaimed. 1923 Hitler completes “Mein Kampf” The second Ku Klux Klan movement in U.S. history grows, stirring widespread controversy and violence. 1924 New York's Computer Tabulating Recording Company is re-organized and will now be known as International Business Machines Corp. (IBM). Lenin dies 1925 Chaplin makes The Gold Rush 1st Television transmission 1926 Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett fly from Spitsbergen to the North Pole and back. Father Coughlin makes his first radio broadcast, beginning his 20-year career of racist and right-wing polemics. 1927 Charles Lindbergh makes the first nonstop solo transatlantic flight. Babe Ruth hits 60 home runs 1st Movie with sound: The Jazz Singer 1928 Stalin becomes Soviet leader Kellogg-Briand Pact, outlawing war, is signed in Paris by 65 nations. 1929 US stock market crash First large-scale Jewish-Arab violence caused by a clash at the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem. Worldwide economic depression Forced collectivization of Soviet agriculture begins 1931 Scottsboro trial begins, exposing depth of Southern racism. “The Star Spangled Banner” officially becomes national anthem. 1932 Nazis lead in German elections with 230 Reichstag seats. Famine is widespread in U.S.S.R. Amelia Earhart is first woman to fly Atlantic solo (May 20-21) 1933 Prohibition repealed. Germany and Japan withdraw from League of Nations. New Deal initiates economic recovery Hitler becomes Germany’s Chancellor League of Nations holds World Disarmerment Conference 1934 Hitler becomes Führer when chancellorship and presidency are united. U.S.S.R. admitted to League of Nations. Mao Zedong begins the Long March north with 100,000 soldiers. Stalin’s purge of political leaders begin 1935 Italy invades Ethiopia Nazis enact Nuremberg Laws against Jews to prevent "racial pollution." Heinrich Himmler starts breeding program to produce "Aryan super race." Roosevelt opens second phase of New Deal in U.S., calling for social security, better housing, equitable taxation, and farm assistance. 1936 Hitler uses the Berlin Olympics to showcase his Nazi propaganda 1937 Britain begins 999 emergency telephone number. The United States starts 911 service in New York in 1968. U.S. gunboat Panay sunk by Japanese in Yangtze River. Japan invades China, conquers most of coastal area. 1939 WWII Begins NBC Broadcasts opening ceremonies of World’s Fair 1940 Winston Churchill becomes Britain's Prime Minister. John Ford’s Grapes of Wrath reflect The Great Depression Battle of Britain begins 1941 Japan bombs Pearl Harbor: US enters WWII Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act, giving President the power to sell, lend, and lease war supplies to other nations. 1942 US begins building atomic bomb Nazi leaders commence “Final Solution” 1943 The Chinese Exclusion Acts of 1882 and 1902 are repealed permitting immigration and naturalization of Chinese. Mussolini is deposed and placed under arrest (July). 1944 Allies invade Normandy on D-Day (June 6). GI Bill of Rights is passed, providing benefits for armed-service veterans. 1945 UN formed Atomic bombs dropped on Japan: WWII ends Allies liberate death camps Women’s suffrage becomes law in France 1946 First meeting of United Nations General Assembly opens in London (Jan. 10). League of Nations dissolved (April). Italy abolishes monarchy (June). The Philippines gains independence from the United States (July 4).12 Nazi leaders (including 1 tried in absentia) are sentenced to hang, 7 imprisoned, and 3 acquitted in the Nuremberg trials (Oct. 1). Background: Defining Genocide Winston Churchill's "Iron Curtain" speech warns of Soviet expansion. Background: The Cold War First automatic electronic digital computer, ENIAC, dedicated at the University of Pennsylvania. 1947 India gains independence Truman Doctrine challenges Soviet expansion Marshall Plan proposed to help European nations recover economically from World War II (June). Jackie Robinson joins the Brooklyn Dodgers. 1948 Marshall Plan initiated Apartheid established in South Africa World Health Organization established 1949 NATO est 1st Soviet atomic bomb tested Communists gain power in China 1950 1st Credit card issued in US Truman orders development of hydrogen bomb (Jan. 31). Assassination attempt on President Truman by Puerto Rican nationalists (Nov. 1). Era of McCarthyism begins 1951 Andre-Thomas devises heart-lung machine Color television 1st introduced US presidency restricted to 8 years 1952 Contraceptive pill produced Hemingway releases The Old Man and the Sea Elizabeth II becomes Queen of England Allied military occupation of Japan ends 1953 Lung cancer linked to smoking Watson & Crick decipher structure of DNA 1954 North Viernamese take Dien Bien Phu Brown v. Board of Education decision mandates US school desegregation Vietnam gains independence 1st Nuclear power plant built 1955 Salk announces Polio vaccine Blacks in Montgomery, AL boycott segregated bus lines 1956 Nasser seizes Suez Canal Transatlantic cable telephone service established 1957 USSR launches Sputnik L. Bernstein composes West Side Story 1958 Castro overthrows Batista in Cuba Disneyland opens US launches satellite Explorer I Revolution in Iraq ends monarchy 1959 Robert Noyce makes 1st microchip USSR Lunik reaches the moon 1960 1st Televised Preseidential debate – Kennedy v. Nixon US scientists develop a laser device 1st weather satellite, Tiros I launched by US 1961 Berlin wall built President Kennedy establishes Peace Corps Bay of Pigs invasion in Cuba fails 1962 John Glenn orbits the earth in spacecraft 1963 Partial Test-Ban Treaty prohibits nuclear explosions Valentina Tereshkova is 1st woman in space President Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, TX 200,000 “Freedom Marchers” demonstrate in Washington 1964 Beatles appear on the Ed Sullivan Show 1965 US enters Vietnam War Leonov 1st astronaut to walk in space Malcolm X shot in NY 1966 Chinese Cultural Revolution begins Truman Capote releases In Cold Blood 1967 Dr. Barnard performs 1st heart transplant 1st synthetic version of DNA produced Martin Luther King, Jr. leads anti-Vietnam march in NY 1968 Apollo 8 orbits the moon Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert Kennedy assassinated 1969 Woodstock music festival Neil Armstrong – 1st man on the moon US begins to ban DDT insecticide Kurt Vonnegut writes Slaughterhouse Five 1970 US Environmental Protection Agency created 4 students die at Kent State University in Ohio during Vietnam War protest 1971 Clockwork Orange opens in theaters CAT SCAN invented in UK 1972 The Godfather premieres in theaters President Nixon visits China R. Leakey discovers a 2.5 million yr old human skull in Kenya Taking of Israeli hostages televised around the world 1973 US withdraws from Vietnam War “Roe v Wade” decision legalizes abortion 1974 Watergate scandal, Nixon resigns Soviet space probe lands on Mars 1975 Altair personal computer introduced by MITS North and South Vietnam reunited as one country 1976 Report about ozone layer damage from spray can gases Alex Haley produces Roots Taxi Driver premieres 1.5 million Japanese cars sold in US – 1/2 of auto import market Uprising in Soweto, South Africa Mao Tse Tung dies 1977 Star Wars premieres in theaters 1978 1st “test tube” baby born in England Karol Wojtyla becomes the 1st non-Italian to be elected pope in 456 years President Carter hosts Camp David summit between Egypt and Israel Shah of Iran declares martial law 1979 Margaret Thatcher becomes 1st female Prime Minister of Britain Islamic militants take hostages at US Embassy in Tehran, Iran Jerry Falwell forms Moral Majority Soviet troops enter Afganistan 1980 The Empire Strikes Back premieres Gulf War begins – Iraq invades Iran Polish strikes inspire Solidarity movement Residents severe health problems linked to Love Canal, New York, chemical dump Global Eradication of smallpox declared 1981 Personal computer launched by I.B.M. Israeli jets destroy nuclear plant in Iraq HIV identified 1982 E.T. premieres Equal Rights Amendment bill defeated 1983 Compact disc launched Drought in Ethiopia brings famine to millions 1984 Macintosh computer with mouse is launched US and French teams discover AIDS virus 1986 Gorbachev introduces glasnost and perestroika Japan becomes world’s top lender Chernobyl nuclear accident The Phantom of the Opera premieres in London 1987 World Stockmarket crash Sir Clive Sinclair launches Z 88 portable computer 1988 Internet virus jams over 6,000 military computers National strikes in Poland 1989 World Wide Web created by Berners-Lee Thousands of students killed on Tiananmen Sq in Peking Berlin Wall torn down 1990 Nobel Peace Prize goes to Michael Gorbachev Iraq invades Kuwait UN imposes sanctions 1991 Over 1,200 people infected by HIV from tainted blood due to French health scandal Cold War ends: nationalism on the rise Soviet Union dissolved 1992 Rodney King riots in L.A. South Africa approves reforms giving blacks equal legal rights 1993 1st web browser created by Anderson Spielberg produces Schindler’s List Bomb rocks WTC building in NYC 1994 IRA ceasefire lifts hope for peace in Ireland World Trade Organization ratified Mandela elected in South Africa’s first free elections 1995 Federal building in Oklahoma City destroyed by car bomb 1996 Discovery of a new planet near the 4th closest star to the Earth Racial hostility leads to US church burnings EU imposes ban on British beef because of mad cow disease 1997 Scottish researcher creates clone lamb from adult sheep DNA 1998 Explosive growth of email and internet Peace accord in Northern Ireland President Clinton impeached by Republicans on Capitol Hill 1999 1st balloon flight around the world NATO launches air strikes on Serbia to end attacks against ethnic Albanians in Kosovo 2000 1st meeting ever between Presidents of North and South Korea Bush wins presidency by a few hundred votes Global Warming Conference at the Hague fails Estimated World Population: 6.2 Billion Reality TV shows Big Brother and Survivor launch 2001 7.9 earthquake hits Gujarat in west India, kills 20,000 people Largest gathering of world leaders in history at the UN Millennium Summit September 11, 2001 Release of the first Harry Potter movie The Patriot Act 2002 Creation of the Department of Homeland Security Apple releases the first iPod Halle Berry is first African American to win Best Actress Academy Award; Denzel Washington is first African American to win Best Actor Academy Award American Idol’s first winner voted for by Americans 2003 Invasion of Iraq – Operation “Iraqi Freedom” In one of the most important rulings on the issue of affirmative action in twenty-five years-the Supreme Court decisively upholds the right of affirmative action in higher education (June 23) Apple launches the iTunes store 2004 Facebook is launched MA 1st state to legalize same-sex marriage Bush is re-elected for 2nd term 2005 Hurricane Katrina hits, killing 1,836 people Launch of YouTube.com Millions of Iraqi voters ratify a new constitution (Oct. 15) 2006 Democrats regain control of both houses of Congress Facebook expands to networks outside of colleges and high schools First “tweet” from Twitter is sent The Indian Ocean earthquake caused all near by nations to be devastated by tsunamis 2007 Nancy Pelosi becomes first female Speaker of the US House of Representatives Virginia Tech massacre Recession officially begins Hulu.com launches 2008 Barak Obama wins the 2008 Presidential Election, becoming the 1st African American President of the United States Proposition 8 in California is passed in Nov, banning same-sex marriage Tina Fey returns to SNL for Sarah Palin impersonations; effects election Social Media increases roll in politics, marketing, business 2009 Michael Jackson dies; investigation of Dr. Murray begins A California woman gives birth to 8 babies in CA; they are only the second set of octuplets ever to be born alive in America Apple announces that it will begin selling music on iTunes without copyright protection, or digital rights management software (D.R.M.) Senate approves President Obama’s $838 billion stimulus plan 2010 Earthquake hits Haiti Republicans take back control of Congress during mid-term elections Final season of Law & Order, after 20 seasons President Obama announces end of Operation Iraqi Freedom Don’t Ask Don’t Tell is repealed