Download possessive pronoun adjectives

Language:
Latin Pronouns
Denise Moore
March 2016
Accomplish?
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Assumption of knowledge
Specific information
Many nuances that are not discussed
Tips or best practices for success
Henle First Year Lesson 11 and 16
Blue Grammar pg. 32-35
Trivium Tables: Latin
What are Pronouns?
Pro – instead of
Nomen – noun
Pronouns replaces a noun in
order to avoid repetition.
Antecedent-the nouns that
the pronoun is replacing.
Pronouns have person.
Personal, reflexive,
possessive pronoun adjectives
1st and 2nd person and 3rd person
Singular
1st person – I
2nd person – you
3rd person – he, she, it
Plural
we
you all
they
Personal (and reflexive) Pronouns and their
endings
1st person
Singular
N ego (I)
[G]*[meī
D mihi
Ac mē (me)
Ab**mē (me)
Plural
nōs (we)
nostri/nostrum]
nōbīs
nōs (us)
nōbīs
2nd person
Singular
Plural
tu (you) vōs (you)
[tuī
vestrī/vestrum]
tibi
vōbīs
tē
vōs
tē
vōbīs
Typically, nominative pronouns are only used for emphasis. The
subject of the verb is indicated by the verb personal ending.
* Special use…not used to show possession
**Can be used as mecum, nobiscum, vobiscum
reflexives
Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject.
We pay for ourselves.
Pro nobis orāmus.
Pro me orō.
I pray for myself.
Pro vobis orātis.
You all pray for yourselves.
Possessive pronoun adjectives
Lesson 16
meus, mea, meum
noster, nostra, nostrum
tuus, tua, tuum
vester, vestra, vestrum
adjective
my
our
your
your
pronoun
mine
ours
yours
yours
Use the 1st & 2nd degree adjective endings magnus, a, um
Agree in GNC with nouns they modify.
The word itself describes the number of the subject, the
agreement in number, gender, and case is in the endings.
examples
I have my book.
I have my books.
I have our book.
I have our books.
Habeō meum librum. 1 person/ 1 book
Habeō meōs librōs. 1 person/2 books
Habeō nostrum librum. 2 persons/1 book
Habeō nostrōs librōs. 2 persons/2 books
I have your book.
I have your books.
I have your book.
I have your books.
Habeō tuum librum. 1 person/1 book
Habeō tuōs librōs. 1 person/2 books
Habeō vestrum librum. 2 persons/1 book
Habeō vestrōs librōs. 2 persons/2 books
3rd person (he, she, it)
singular
Nom
Poss
Object
M
he
her
him
F
she
her
her
N
it
its
it
English
plural
Nom
Poss
Object
M F N
they
their
them
Personal pronoun 3rd person endings
Grammar #128
Singular
m
N
is
G
-D
-Ac
eum
Ab
eō
Plural
f
n
ea
id
ējus -eī
-eam id
eā
eō
m
f
n
N
eī
eae ea
G eōrum eārum eōrum
D
-eīs
-Ac eōs eās ea
Ab
-eīs --
A pronoun agrees with the word to which it refers, in gender and
number, BUT its case depends on its use in its own clause.
Possessive pronoun adjectives – get their number and gender from
their antecedent. Case comes from the fact that they show possession.
Example
Rome is a large city. Have you seen it.
Antecedent?
Rome
Gender & number?
Feminine, Singular
Case of ‘it’ in its own sentence?
Accusative
eam
Example
Caesar agmen hostium nōn videt.
Monēbisne eum (him)?
Matrēs bonae sunt. Virtus eārum magna est.
Nos eās semper laudāmus, et Deus eīs praemia
dabit
3rd person reflexive
Himself, herself, itself
Refers back to the subject
Singular and plural
N --G suī*
D sibi
Ac sē
Ab sē
*does not show possession
Reflexive possessive adjective
suus, sua, suum
The ‘su’ refers to the subject,
the ending refers to the object
Declines like magnus, a, um.
examples
Caesar laudat se.
Caesar laudat eum.
Caesar praises himself.
Caesar praises him.
Eius librum habet.
Suum librum habet.
He has his book. (someone else)
He has his own book.
Caesar laudat amicum eius.
Caesar praises his friend. (someone elses’ friend)
Caesar laudat amicum suum.
Caesar praises his own friend.
Tips
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Know vocabulary
Know the declension endings
What is the antecedent?
Practice, practice, practice
Latin to English and English to Latin
Verb, subject, direct object, indirect object,
then everything else.
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