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Name ____________________________ Period ______ Test Date: ______________ Force and Motion Test Review Sheet potential energy - energy that is stored and held in readiness kinetic energy - energy that an object has because of its motion Label each diagram as potential or kinetic energy. kinetic potential kinetic kinetic As kinetic energy increases, potential energy ___decreases_____. Energy can not be created or destroyed only ___transformed (changed)____. Describe how potential and kinetic energy change on a roller coaster ride. force - a push or pull exerted on an object net force - the overall force on an object when all of the individual forces acting on an object are added together balanced force - equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions unbalanced force - unequal forces acting on an object resulting in a change in the object’s motion Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? Unbalanced How did you know? the ball is moving Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? balanced What is the net force? 0 N How did you know? the net force is 0 10 N º» Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? balanced What is the net force? 0 N Will there be movement? no If so, which way? no movement 5N 5N º² Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? unbalanced What is the net force? 3 N Will there be movement? yes If so, which way? to the right 5N 2N 18N 10 N 6N Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? unbalanced What is the net force? 12 N Will there be movement? yes If so, which way? to the left ............................................................................................................................. Lift = 500 N Drag = 200 N Weight = 500 N Thrust = 750 N Is this illustrating balanced or unbalanced forces? unbalanced What is the net force? vertical: lift - weight 500N - 500N = 0N horizontal: thrust - drag 750N - 200N = 550N Will there be movement? yes If so, which way? forward simple machine - a device with few or no moving parts that helps you do work inclined plane - a simple machine consisting of a flat surface with one end higher than the other Give an example of an inclined plane. ramp, slide What is the advantage of an inclined plane? it reduces the amount of force needed to do work What happens if you change the angle of the inclined plane? the steeper the slope, the more force needed (but the less distance you will have to travel) the gentler the slope, the less force needed (but the more distance you will have to travel) pulley - a simple machine consisting of a grooved sheel around which is wrapped a rope, chain or cable Give an example of a pulley. flag pole, elevator What is the advantage of a pulley? used to change the direction of the force, but not the amount of force needed definition/description chemical energy energy that is released during a chemical reaction or change electrical energy energy in the form of charged particles mechanical energy energy of motion nuclear energy energy released from the nucleus of the atom sound energy energy from vibrating waves thermal energy energy form heat / the amount of kinetic energy in an object example battery,digesting food, fireworks, hot/cold packs anything plugged in (lamp, lightening, etc) blender, bicycle, fan sun, splitting an atom (bomb) talking, musical instrument heater, curling iron, stove How is energy transformed in a flashlight? chemical energy(battery) ± electrical energy (wires) ± thermal& light energy Give an example of another energy transformation. A toaster transforms electrical energy to thermal energy. The sun transforms nuclear energy to light and thermal energy. Mechanical energy is transformed to thermal energy when you rub your hands. Chemical energy is transformed to mechanical energy when you eat.